Summary of the UNCTAD’s World Investment Report 2023
Investment flows to Africa dropped to $45 billion in 2022
07/11/2023 – Foreign direct investment: the increase in 2022 in developing countries does not benefit Africa
07/06/2023 – Africa: foreign direct investment flows fell by 44% in 2022 (UNCTAD)
06/14/2023 – Chinese direct investment in Africa totaled $3.4 billion in 2022
The report also indicates that the African continent received foreign investments totaling $52.63 billion in 2023, down 3% from 2022.
In terms of cumulative FDI stocks, the main economies investing in Africa are the Netherlands, France, the United States, the United Kingdom, and China.
Globally, FDI declined by 2% over the past year to $1.3 trillion. This decline is due to increased trade and geopolitical tensions in the context of a slowdown in the global economy.
For 2024, UNCTAD notes that the outlook for FDI remains challenging in 2024. However “modest growth for the year as a whole seems possible”, citing factors such as easing financial conditions and concerted efforts to facilitate investment.
According to UNCTAD’s World Investment Report 2023, international project finance deals targeting Africa showed a decline of 47% in value.
UNCTAD’sWorld Investment Report 2023 published on 5 July shows that foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to Africa declined to $45 billion in 2022 from the record $80 billion set in 2021. They accounted for 3.5% of global FDI.
The number of greenfield project announcements rose by 39% to 766. Six of the top 15 greenfield investment megaprojects (those worth more than $10 billion) announced in 2022 were in Africa.
In North Africa, Egypt saw FDI more than double to $11 billion as a result of increased cross-border merger and acquisition (M&A) sales.
Announced greenfield projects more than doubled in number, to 161. International project finance deals rose in value by two-thirds, to $24 billion. Flows to Morocco decreased slightly, by 6%, to $2.1 billion.
In West Africa, Nigeria saw FDI flows turn negative to -$187 million as a result of equity divestments. Announced greenfield projects, however, rose by 24% to $2 billion. Flows to Senegal remained flat at $2.6 billion. FDI flows to Ghana fell by 39% to $1.5 billion.
In East Africa, flows to Ethiopia decreased by 14% to $3.7 billion; the country remained the second-largest FDI recipient on the continent. FDI to Uganda grew by 39% to $1.5 billion on investment in extractive industries. FDI to Tanzania increased by 8% to $1.1 billion.
In Central Africa, FDI in the Democratic Republic of the Congo remained flat at $1.8 billion, with investment sustained by flows to offshore oil fields and mining.
In Southern Africa, flows returned to prior levels after the anomalous peak in 2021 caused by a large corporate reconfiguration in South Africa. FDI in South Africa was $9 billion – well below the 2021 level but double the average of the last decade. Cross-border M&A sales in the country reached $4.8 billion from $280 million in 2021. In Zambia, after two years of negative values, FDI rose to $116 million.
Four regional economic groupings see growth
Over the past five years, FDI inflows have risen in four of the regional economic groupings on the continent.
FDI in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa grew by 14% to $22 billion. Flows rose also in the Southern African Development Community (quadrupling, to $10 billion), the West African Economic and Monetary Union (doubling, to $5.2 billion), and the East African Community (up 9%, to $3.8 billion).
Intraregional investment remained relatively small, despite an increase over the past five years. In 2022, intraregional greenfield project announcements represented 15% of all projects in Africa (2% in terms of value), as compared with 13% (2% in value) in 2017.
However, looking at announced projects invested in by only African multinational enterprises, three-quarters of their value remained on the continent.
In 2022, the biggest increase in announced greenfield projects was in energy and gas supply (to $120 billion from $24 billion in 2021). Project values in construction and extractive industries also rose, to $24 billion and $21 billion, respectively. The information and communication sector registered the highest number of projects.
International project finance deals targeting Africa showed a decline of 47% in value ($74 billion, down from $140 billion in 2021) but a 15% increase in project numbers, to 157.
European investors remain, by far, the largest holders of FDI stock in Africa, led by the United Kingdom ($60 billion), France ($54 billion) and the Netherlands ($54 billion).
The report highlights that the flow of foreign direct investment to Africa decreased by 3% over the past year to less than $53 billion.
Egypt is the African country that attracted the most foreign direct investment (FDI) in 2023, according to a report published on Thursday, June 20, 2024, by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
Entitled “World Investment Report 2024”, this report specifies that this North African country attracted FDI flows of $9.84 billion, despite declining mergers and acquisitions compared to the peaks reached in 2022.
The most populous country in the Arab world is followed by South Africa ($5.23 billion), Ethiopia ($3.26 billion), Uganda ($2.88 billion), Senegal ($2.64 billion), Mozambique ($2.50 billion), Namibia ($2.34 billion) and Nigeria ($1.87 billion). Côte d’Ivoire closes the top 10 with FDI flows of $1.75 billion in 2023.
Listing of 20 African countries with the most FDI in 2023
TRI CONSULTING KYOTO TRI CK USA – First Moroccan Muslim Contractor of Public Transport in Early 1920 – Twenties of 20th Century: Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui at 24 was the First Muslim Transporter in Morocco By Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Son of Moulay Ahmed CherkaouiFather of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui Said El Mansour Cherkaoui PARENTAL HERITAGE OF MOROCCAN NATIONALISM This is Haj Ahmed Cherkaoui All … Continue reading My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui
Updated on 7/24/2024 to Celebrate 20 years of Commitment and Work by Dr. Said El Mansour working on the relationship between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Morocco
The Moroccan-American Treaty of Peace and Friendship was sealed by Mohammed III, signed by Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, and ratified by the U.S. Congress on July 18, 1787. Arabic text reads: الحمد لله هذا تقييد ش… More
Morocco and United States Trade Relations Morocco is located in Northwestern Africa and is slightly geographically larger than California. The capital of Morocco is Rabat, which is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco has a population of 34.37 million people and a gross domestic product (GDP) of $100.6 billion. Due to its proximity to Europe … Continue reading Morocco Profile: Investment and Trade Trends
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui is a multifaceted individual with a diverse range of interests and accomplishments Promotion of Investment in Morocco: Trade and Investment: Based in Northern California, USA, Said El Mansour Cherkaoui is actively involved in promoting, inviting, and encouraging investment in Morocco … Continue reading
Morocco and United States Trade Relations by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui December 29, 2020 U.S. Trade and Investment with Morocco Revitalized by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui December 25, 2020 Lire la suite United States of America and Kingdom of Morocco→
The Moroccan-American friendship up-to-this date [2019] has lasted more than 240 years: The Barbary Treaties 1786-1816 Treaty with Morocco June 28 and July 15, 1786 Continue reading
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui and His Global Interactions and Endeavors Morocco has ratified 71 bilateral investment treaties for the promotion and protection of investments and 60 economic agreements – including with the United States and most EU nations– that aim to eliminate the double taxation of income or gains. Morocco is the only country on the African continent with … Continue reading December 29, 2020
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, 12/25/2020 – Northern California Office The US DFC has made several announcements signifying its efforts to expand into Morocco – including the opening of a new Prosper Africa regional office … Continue reading U.S. Trade and Investment with Morocco Revitalized
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, January 2, 2018 The Morocco Free Trade Agreement (MAFTA) went into effect on January 1, 2006. Under the agreement most Moroccan goods enter the United States duty free and virtually all will enter free by the time it is fully implemented on January 1, 2023. The Morocco FTA does NOT provide … Continue Reading →
Made in Morocco with Moroccan Legacy
Dr. Cherkaoui & Center for International Trade Development ★ CITD in Morocco
Dans les publications présentes dans cette page, le but principal demeure la participation dans le débat national sur le devenir du Maroc et la réalisation d’un authentique, équitable et juste progrès social dont les Marocaines et les Marocains de toutes les confessions et cultures sont les premiers et les ultimes bénéficiaires tout en étant les …Lire la Suite →
The Morocco Free Trade Agreement (MAFTA) went into effect on January 1, 2006. Under the agreement most Moroccan goods enter the United States duty free and virtually all will enter free by the time it is fully implemented on January 1, 2023. The Morocco FTA does NOT provide a merchandise processing fee (MPF) exemption. Value … Lire la suite US – Morocco Free Trade Agreement
TRI CONSULTING KYOTO – TRI CK USA supports you in your trade and investment projects, whatever their form: Export, Import, Business Representation, Translation and Negotiation New sites, extensions, industrial or technological partnerships, acquisitions or financial investments Morocco’s Favorite Destination for International Investment BE SMART : CHOOSE MOROCCO ! Here is an overview of Morocco’s investment … Continue reading
BE SMART : CHOOSE THE ROAD TO MOROCCO ! Here is an overview of Morocco’s investment and economic environment that we hope will enhance your interest in developing trade, financial, and cultural relationships with the Moroccan people. TRI CONSULTING KYOTO – TRI CK USA supports you in your investment projects, whatever their form: new sites, … Continue reading★
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui The U.S.-Moroccan Free Trade Agreement (FTA), signed in 2006, made Morocco the first African country to sign such an agreement with the United States. Such action has renewed the privilege that Morocco had to be the first … Continue readingTrade and Diplomacy: USA and MoroccoDecember 16, 2020
Editor: Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, Ph.D. The Morocco Free Trade Agreement (MAFTA) went into effect on January 1, 2006. Under the agreement most Moroccan goods enter the United Continue reading
Articles on Morocco – USA Relations by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Trade and Diplomacy: USA and Morocco Said El…Continue Reading →
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Dr. Cherkaoui organized and presented Multiple International Conferences in Collaboration with the US Department of Commerce, the US Small Business Department, the US Small Business Association, the 2 East Bay and Bay Area Centers for International Trade Development, and other local business professional representative organizations and the Chambers of Commerce around the Bay Area of San Francisco …Continue reading Said El Mansour Cherkaoui: International Conferences
and keep adding new years to this First Recognition of the Newly Independent United States of America by the Kingdom of Morocco
The Morocco Free Trade Agreement (MAFTA) was enacted on January 1, 2006. Under the agreement, most Moroccan goods enter the United States duty-free free and virtually all will enter free by the time it is fully implemented on January 1, 2023. The Morocco FTA does NOT provide a merchandise processing fee (MPF) exemption. Value … Lire la suite
Treaty of Peace & Friendship 1787 Between Morocco and The United States
To all persons to whom these presents shall come or be made known- WHEREAS the United States of America in Congress assembled by their Commission bearing date the twelfth day of May One Thousand, Seven-Hundred and Eighty-Four thought proper to constitute John Adams, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson their Ministers Plenipotentiary, giving to them or a Majority of them full powers to confer, treat & negotiate with the Ambassador, Minister or Commissioner of His Majesty the Emperor of Morocco concerning a Treaty of Amity and Commerce, to make & receive propositions for such Treaty and to conclude and sign the same, transmitting to the United States in Congress assembled for their final Ratification.
And by one other commission bearing date the Eleventh day of March One-Thousand Seven-hundred & Eighty-five did further empower the said Ministers Plenipotentiary or a majority of them, by writing under the hands and Seals to appoint such agent in the said business as they might think proper with authority under the directions and instruction of the said Ministers to commence & prosecute the said Negotiations & Conferences for the said Treaty provided that the said Treaty should be signed by Ministers: And Whereas, We the said John Adams & Thomas Jefferson two of the said Ministers Plenipotentiary (the said Benjamin Franklin being absent) by writing under the Hand and Seal of the said John Adams at London, October fifth, One-thousand Seven-hundred and Eighty-five, & of the said Thomas Jefferson at Paris October the Eleventh of the same year, did appoint Thomas Barclay, Agent in the business aforesaid, giving him the Powers therein, which by the said second commission we were authorized go give, and the said Thomas Barclay in pursuance thereof, bath arranged Articles for a Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of Morocco & sealed with His Royal Seal, being translated into the language of said United States of America, together with the Attestations thereto annexed are in the following words, To Wit:
In the name of Almighty God.
This is a Treaty of Peace and Friendship established between us and the United States of America, which is confirmed, and which we have ordered to be written in the Book and sealed with our Royal Seal at our Court of Morocco in the Twenty-Fifth day of the blessed month of Shaban, in the year One-Thousand Two-hundred, trusting in God it will remain permanent.
ARTICLE 1
We declare that both Parties have agreed that this Treaty consisting of twenty five Articles shall be inserted in this Book and delivered to the Honorable Thomas Barclay, the Agent of the United States now at our Court, with whose Approbation it has been made and who is duly authorized on their part, to treat with us concerning all the matters contained therein.
ARTICLE 2
If either of the parties shall be at war with any nation whatever, the other party shall not take a commission from the enemy nor fight under their colors.
ARTICLE 3
If either of the parties shall be at war with any nation whatever and take a prize belonging to that nation, and there shall be found on board subjects or effects belonging to either of the parties, the subjects shall be set at liberty and the effect returned to the owners. And if any goods belonging to any nation, with whom either the parties shall be at war, shall be loaded on vessels belonging to the other party, they shall pass free and unmolested without any attempt being made to take or detain them.
ARTICLE 4
A signal or pass shall be given to all vessels belonging to both parties, by which they are to be known when they meet at sea, and if the commander of a ship of war of either party shall have other ships under his convoy, the Declaration of the commander shall alone be sufficient to exempt any of them from examination.
ARTICLE 5
If either of the parties shall be at war, and shall meet a vessel at sea, belonging to the other, it is agreed that if an examination is to be made, it shall be done by sending a boat with two or three men only, and if any gun shall be bread and injury done without reason, the offending party shall make good all damages.
ARTICLE 6
If any Moor shall bring citizens of the United States or their effects to His Majesty, the citizens shall immediately be set at liberty and the effects restored, and in like manner, if any Moor not a subject of the dominions shall make prize of any of the citizens of America or their effects and bring them into any of the ports of His Majesty, they shall be immediately released, as they will be considered as under His Majesty’s Protection.
ARTICLE 7
If any vessel of either party shall put into a port of the other and have occasion for provisions or other supplies, they shall be furnished without any interruption or molestation.
ARTICLE 8
If any vessel of the United States shall meet with a disaster at sea and put into one of our ports to repairs, she shall be at liberty to land and reload her cargo, without paying any duty whatever.
ARTICLE 9
If any Vessel of the Untied States shall be cast on Shore on any Part of our Coasts, she shall remain at the disposition of the Owners and no one shall attempt going near her without their Approbation, as she is then considered particularly under our Protection; and if any Vessel of the United States shall be forced to put in to our Ports, by Stress of weather or otherwise, she shall not be compelled to land her Cargo, but shall remain in tranquility until the Commander shall think proper to proceed on his Voyage.
ARTICLE 10
If any Vessel of either of the Parties shall have an engagement with a Vessel belonging to any of the Christian Powers within gunshot of the Forts of the other, the Vessel so engaged shall be defended and protected as much as possible until she is in safety; and if any American Vessel shall be cast on shore on the Coast of Wadnoon or any Coast thereabout, the People to her shall be protected, and assisted until by the help of God, they shall be sent to their Country.
ARTICLE 11
If we shall be at War with any Christian Power and any of our Vessels sail from the Ports of the United States, no Vessel belonging to the enemy shall follow until twenty four hours after the Departure of our Vessels; and the same Regulation shall be observed towards the American Vessels sailing from our Ports be the enemies Moors or Christians.
ARTICLE 12
If any ship of war belonging to the United States shall put into any of our ports, she shall not be examined on any pretense whatever, even though she should have fugitive slaves on board, nor shall the governor or commander of the place compel them to be brought on shore on any pretext, nor require any payment for them.
ARTICLE 13
If a ship of war of either party shall put into a port of the other and salute, it shall be returned from the fort with an equal number of guns, not with more or less.
ARTICLE 14
The commerce with the United States shall be on the same footing as is the commerce with Spain, or as that with the most favored nation for the time being; and their citizens shall be respected and esteemed, and have full liberty to pass and repass our country and seaports whenever they please, without interruption.
ARTICLE 15
Merchants of both countries shall employ only such interpreters, and such other persons to assist them in their business, as they shall think proper. No commander of a vessel shall transport his cargo on board another vessel; he shall not be detained in port longer than he may think proper; and all persons employed in loading or unloading goods, or in any labor whatever, shall be paid at the customary rates, not more and not less.
ARTICLE 16
In case of a war between the parties, the prisoners are not to be made slaves, but to be exchanged one for another, captain for captain, officer for officer, and one private man for another; and if there shall prove a deficiency on either side, it shall be made up by the payment of one hundred Mexican dollars for each person wanting. And it is agreed that all prisoners shall be exchanged in twelve months from the time of their being taken, and that this exchange may be effected by a merchant or any other person authorized of by either of the parties.
ARTICLE 17
Merchants shall not be compelled to buy or sell any kind of goods but such as they shall think proper; and may buy and sell all sorts of merchandize but such as are prohibited to the other Christian nations.
ARTICLE 18
All goods shall be weighed and examined before they are sent on board , and to avoid all detention of vessels, no examination shall afterwards be made, unless it shall first be proved that contraband goods have been sent on board, in which case, the persons who took the contraband goods on board, shall be punished according to the usage and custom of the country, and no other person whatever shall be injured, nor shall the ship or cargo incur any penalty or damage whatever.
ARTICLE 19
No vessel shall be detained import on any pretense whatever, nor be obliged to take on board on any articles without the consent of the commander, who shall be at full liberty to agree for the freight of any goods he takes on board.
ARTICLE 20
If any of the citizens of the Untied States, or any persons under their protection, shall have any disputes with each other, the consul shall decide between the parties, and whenever the consul shall require any aid or assistance from our government, to enforce his decisions, it shall be immediately granted to him.
ARTICLE 21
If any citizen of the Untied States should kill or wound a Moor, or, on the contrary, if a Moor shall kill or wound a citizen of the United States, the law of the country shall take place, and equal justice shall be rendered, the consul assisting at the trial; and if any delinquent shall make his escape, the consul shall not be answerable for him in any manner whatever.
ARTICLE 22
If an American citizen shall die in our country, and no will shall appear, the consul shall take possession of hi affects; and if there shall be no consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person worthy of trust, until the party shall appear, who has right to demand them; but if the heir to the person deceased be present, the property shall be delivered to him without interruptions; and if a will shall appear, the property shall descend agreeable to that will as soon as the consul shall declare the validity thereof.
ARTICLE 23
The consuls of the United States of America, shall reside in any port of our dominions that they shall think proper; and they shall be respected, and enjoy all the privileges which the consuls of any other nation enjoy; and if any of the citizens of the United States shall contract any debts or engagements, the consul shall not be in any manner accountable for them, unless he shall have given a promise in writing for the payment or fulfilling thereof, without which promise in writing, no application to him for any redress shall be made.
ARTICLE 24
If any differences shall arise by either party infringing on any of the articles of this treaty, peace and harmony shall remain notwwithstanding, in the fullest force, until a friendly application shall be made for an arrangement, and until that application shall be rejected, no appeal shall be made to arms. And if a war shall break out between the parties nine months shall be granted to all the subjects of both parties, to dispose of their effects and retire with their property. And it is further declared, that whatever indulgences, in trade or otherwise, shall be granted to any of the Christian Powers, the citizens of the United States shall be equally entitled to them.
ARTICLE 25
This treaty shall continue in full force, with the help of God, for fifty years. We delivered this book into the hands of the before mentioned Thomas Barclay, on the first day of the blessed month of Ramadan, in the year one thousand two hundred. I certify that the annexed is a true copy of the translation made by Isaac Cardoza Nunez, interpreter at Morocco, of the treaty between the Emperor of Morocco and the United States of America.
ADDITIONAL ARTICLE
Grace to the only God.
I, the under-written, the servant of God, Taher Ben Abdelkack Fennish, do certify, that His Imperial Majesty, my master, (whom God preserve), having concluded a treaty of peace and commerce with the United States of America, has ordered me, the better to complete, it, and in addition of the tenth article of the treaty, to declare, “That if any vessel belonging to the United States, shall be in any of the ports of his Majesty’s dominions, or within gun-shot of his forts, she shall be protected as much as possible; and no vessel whatever, belonging either to Moorish or Christian Powers, with whom the United States may be at war, shall be permitted to follow or engage her, as we now deem the citizens of America our good friends.”
And, in obedience to this Majesty’s commands, I certify this declaration, by putting my hand and seal to it, on the eighteenth day of Ramadan, (a) in the year one thousand two hundred. The servant of the King, my master, whom God preserve.
TAHER BEN ABDELKACK FENNISH.
I do certify that the above is a true copy of the translation made at Morocco, by Isaac Cordoza Nunez, interpreter, of a declaration made and signed by Sidi Hage Taher Fennish, in addition to the treaty between the Emperor of Morocco and the United States of America, which declaration the said Taher Fennish made by the express directions of his Majesty.
THOMAS BARCLAY.
TREATY WITH MOROCCO. 1787
Now, KNOW YE, That we, the said John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, Ministers Plenipotentiary aforesaid, do approve and conclude the said treaty, and every article and clause therein contained, reserving the same nevertheless to the Untied States in Congress assembled, for their final ratification. In testimony whereof, we have signed the same with our names and seals, at the places of our respective residence, and at the dates expressed under our signatures respectively.
JOHN ADAMS, (L.S.) London, January 25th, 1787.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, (L.S.) Paris, January 1st, 1787.
hashtag#Throwback 🇲🇦🇮🇩 We were delighted to welcome the Indonesian Parliamentary Friendship Group delegation to the Marrakech-Safi Regional Investment Center. During their visit, we explored potential collaborations between Morocco and Indonesia by presenting the investment opportunities, and the attractive incentives Morocco and Marrakech-Safi offer investors. 🇲🇦🇮🇩
This forum represents a significant step towards deeper and more fruitful cooperation between Indonesia and African nations, fostering sustainable development and mutual growth.
How do you feel about these developments?
What exactly, are sectors, industries, areas of cooperation, and domains of application, investments, and cooperation or collaboration in terms of strategic partnership and alliances between Indonesia?
The 2nd Indonesia-Africa Forum (IAF) aims to foster strategic partnerships and alliances across various sectors and industries. Here are the key areas of cooperation, along with specific numbers, data, and examples of realizations:
Indonesia is investing in agri-tech projects in Nigeria and Ethiopia, focusing on improving crop yields and sustainable farming practices. For instance, a $30 million project in Nigeria aims to enhance rice production. Morocco can collaborate with Indonesia on initiatives to improve food security and agricultural productivity.
Real Reasons for the Forum:
The forum seeks to boost economic ties by signing investment agreements and promoting trade between Indonesia and African nations. It aims to establish strategic partnerships in sectors like energy, health, and minerals, which are crucial for sustainable development. The forum emphasizes South-South cooperation, where developing countries support each other in achieving mutual growth and development.
The total value of agreements signed at the forum is expected to reach $3.5 billion, significantly higher than the $600 million from the first forum in 2018. Key projects include a geothermal project in Tanzania and a pharmaceutical collaboration in Ghana, highlighting the focus on energy and health. The forum strengthens Indonesia’s role as a reliable development partner for African countries, enhancing its international standing.
Benefits for Morocco and Other African Countries:
Economic Growth: Increased investments and trade agreements can stimulate economic growth and create job opportunities.
Technology Transfer: Collaboration in sectors like energy and health can lead to the transfer of technology and expertise, boosting local capacities.
Strategic Resources: African countries, including Morocco, can benefit from partnerships in strategic minerals, essential for industries like electric vehicles.
Renewable Energy: Indonesia is heavily investing in geothermal and other renewable energy projects. For example, the $150 million geothermal project in Tanzania aims to generate 100 MW of electricity.
Health and Pharmaceuticals: Indonesia is focusing on building pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities, such as the $50 million investment in Ghana.
Agri-Tech: Projects like the $30 million investment in Nigeria to enhance rice production highlight Indonesia’s focus on sustainable agriculture.
Geothermal and pharmaceutical projects : Example source for agri-tech and strategic minerals partnerships.
Geothermal Projects: Indonesia is investing in geothermal energy projects in Tanzania and Kenya. For example, a $150 million geothermal project in Tanzania aims to generate 100 MW of electricity.
Renewable Energy: Morocco, with its ambitious renewable energy targets, can collaborate with Indonesia on solar and wind energy projects.
Mining and Processing: Indonesia and African countries like the Democratic Republic of Congo are exploring partnerships in mining and processing strategic minerals such as cobalt and nickel, essential for electric vehicle batteries.
Investment in Infrastructure: Investments in infrastructure to support mining operations, including transportation and processing facilities, are being discussed.
Example source for geothermal, pharmaceutical, and agri-tech projects. : Example source for South-South cooperation and SME investments. : Example source for China’s infrastructure projects, financial support, and trade relations.
The forum has facilitated trade agreements worth $3.5 billion, significantly boosting economic ties between Indonesia and African nations.
These partnerships and investments are expected to significantly contribute to the sustainable development and economic growth of Morocco and other African nations.
Indonesia will bring really to the development of Morocco and the rest of the African economies that is different or complementary to what China is doing and investing/transforming the economic landscape in Morocco and the rest of the African countries.
How Indonesia can be compared to China in these aspects and results?
Indonesia’s approach to development in Morocco and other African countries offers some unique and complementary aspects compared to China’s investments.
Indonesia emphasizes South-South cooperation, fostering mutual growth and development among developing countries. Indonesia’s collaborations often include technology transfer and capacity building, which can help local industries grow independently. Indonesia’s emphasis on South-South cooperation and technology transfer complements. Indonesia’s focus on SMEs and sustainable projects can have a more direct impact on local communities, fostering grassroots economic growth. Indonesia is investing in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Africa, which can drive local economic growth and job creation.
Indonesia’s contributions can complement China’s efforts by focusing on sustainable development, technology transfer, and supporting local businesses, thereby providing a more diversified and resilient economic growth model for Morocco and other African countries.
Health Sector Investments:
Total Investment: Indonesia secured health investment deals worth $94.1 million at the Indonesia-Africa Forum (IAF) 2024.
Pharmaceutical Collaborations:
PT Bio Farma: Signed agreements with Zimbabwe and Ghana for pharmaceutical product registration, distribution, and technology transfer.
PT Dexa Medica: Began exporting pharmaceutical products to Tanzania, with projected export values of $2.5–$3.0 million over the next three years.
Geothermal Energy Projects:
Geothermal Development: Indonesia’s state utility firm PLN partnered with Tanzania’s Tanesco for a geothermal project, with significant investments aimed at generating 100 MW of electricity.
Trade and Investment:
Total Business Deals: The IAF 2024 witnessed the signing of business deals worth $3.5 billion, a substantial increase from the $568 million recorded at the first forum in 2018.
Agri-Tech Projects:
Agri-Tech Initiatives: Indonesia is investing in agri-tech projects in Nigeria, focusing on improving crop yields and sustainable farming practices.
Strategic Minerals:
Mining and Processing: Indonesia is exploring partnerships in mining and processing strategic minerals such as cobalt and nickel with African countries.
Indonesia-Africa Cooperation Set to Rise
Indonesia inks health investment deals worth US$94.1 mln at IAF
Indonesia-Africa Forum Books $3.5 Billion Business Deals
Pharmaceuticals: Indonesia and Ghana have signed agreements to collaborate on pharmaceutical manufacturing, with an investment of $50 million to build a new facility in Accra.
Healthcare Services: Morocco can benefit from Indonesia’s expertise in healthcare services, potentially leading to joint ventures in hospital management and medical training.
Investment in SMEs: Indonesia is investing in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Africa, with a focus on sectors like textiles, manufacturing, and services.
Indonesia’s Agri-Tech Projects:
Strategic Minerals, Mining and Processing in Africa
Cobalt and Nickel in the DRC: China’s investments are often larger in scale and focus on infrastructure. China’s infrastructure-driven approach provides a more holistic development strategy. Indonesia’s investments are more targeted towards specific sectors like renewable energy, health, and agriculture.
China’s Contributions:
Infrastructure Development – Financial Investments –Trade Relations
China is known for its large-scale infrastructure projects, such as the construction of roads, railways, and ports. For instance, the $4.6 billion Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway. China has established several industrial zones in Africa, like the $2 billion Lekki Free Trade Zone in Nigeria.
China provides significant financial support through loans and grants. For example, China has pledged $60 billion in financial support to Africa over three years.
Export-Import Growth: China is a major trading partner for many African countries, with trade volumes reaching $254 billion in 2021. Many African countries are part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative, which aims to enhance global trade and infrastructure connectivity.
Lekki Free Trade Zone in Nigeria: $2 billion investment by China.
Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway: $4.6 billion investment by China.
China’s Financial Support: $60 billion pledged to Africa over three years.
China-Africa Trade Volume: $254 billion in 2021.
Sources and data points related to the investments and projects mentioned:
The two West African countries, Nigeria and Niger, recently signed a security agreement in response to the common threat they face. This is despite the regional problems that arose from the July 26, 2023 coup in Niger. Since the coup, sanctions, and fallout have marred relations between these neighboring countries.
Here is an analysis and presentation on the previous phases that led to the signing of such a mutual defense and security agreement between Niger and Nigeria.
TRI CONSULTING KYOTO TRI CK USA 0 Said El Mansour Cherkaoui ECOWAS wanted to run faster than the train of change crossing the region and they started singing faster than the music, now they can sell their musical instruments “Diplomyopique – Myopic Diplomacy” to the West before they oxidize and rust and relearn how to sing like a Griot and play the Kora, to … Continue reading ECOWAS “Diplomyopic – Myopic Diplomacy”
French version
July 28, 2023
Africa: Upheaval in territories, disputed borders, broken spaces, overthrown regimes, usurped mineral wealth
African destiny, Congo: extroverted tensions and mineral wealth
Niger: Latest live news on
political developments in Niger
🌍 The Nigerien junta has appointed former Minister of Economy Ali Mahaman Lamine Zeine as the country’s new Prime Minister.
🌍 Arrival of Ali Mahaman Lamine Zeine, an economist by training, was Minister of Economy and Finance between 2002 and 2010
🌍 Coup d’état in Niger: diplomacy “is the best way” to resolve the crisis, says ECOWAS
🌍 Coup d’état in Niger: ECOWAS favors diplomacy to get out of the crisis, but “no option” is ruled out
Africa in shock from nationalist coups
In Africa, money is not a chic that collapses Politics as a quarrel and a parody of democratic elections
Every man for himself and God for all
Africa’s problem is that it is far from God and too close to Europe and the West – Far from God and close to the colonial past
Protection of France in Niger: uranium exploitation by France
Everyone has their tour of the institutional pettiness of the ruling elites from the colonial legacy and the continued economic subjugation of the sub-capitalist order of Africa.
African territories disrupted by the borders of the colonial era and spaces broken by the legacy of the political structures of conflicts
ONE OF THE REASONS FOR THE ANGER OF THE NEW AFRICAN MILITARY IS THE URANIUM OF NIGER
The Voice of the Authentic West URANIUM OF NIGER The Voice of the Authentic West
TRI CONSULTING KYOTO TRI CK USA🌍AFRICA 🌍 AFRIQUE 🌍 Said El Mansour Cherkaoui France Admits Niger Bid to up uranium levy legitimate Issued on: 06/02/2014 – 10:16 France has admitted that Niger’s demand for more revenue from uranium mining on its soil is legitimate. French-owned energy giant Areva is renegotiating the amount of royalties it should pay Niger for its mining … Continue reading – Orano Niger No Uranium
Economic troubles in the west, social unrest in the center, political instability in the east and civil wars in the southeast
Paradox of History, Niamey is the place of expression of the establishment of a commercial integration of Africa and today it is the heart of the military overthrow and the coup d’état against an elected President.
The largest trading platform and the chasm of instability
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) was established by an agreement adopted on 21 March 2018 and entered into force on 30 May 2019. As of that date, 24 countries had deposited their instruments of ratification. Subsequently, 54 countries have signed the agreement, of which 43 (80%) have deposited their instruments of ratification by May 2022.
In terms of the operational phase, the AfCFTA was launched on 7 July 2019 at the 12th Extraordinary Session of the Assembly of the Union on the AfCFTA held in Niamey, Niger.
To name a few of the structural gaps and institutional inadequacies that dominate the dashboard of central power legitimacy in Africa:
Leaders are no longer seen as liberators and freedom fighters as they were during the postcolonial period, such as the activists some of whom escaped execution and became leaders of Africa after being opponents and guerrillas against colonial power. Nor are current opponents identified as defenders of the interests of a marginalized ethnic group or region struggling against a central power parachuted in with the direct intervention of the former colonial armies.
Since independence and the turn of the 21st century, Africa has gradually transformed into a scene of violent conflicts where actors, protagonists, and warlords have played at different levels of the international and regional scene the support of one against the other to enrage their opposition and their regional explosion of guerrilla violence based on ethnic grievances. These ideological guerrillas have transformed into regional and national conflicts motivated by the monopoly and appropriation of political power or financial gain.
Regional armed groups have been financed and trained by the former colonial powers and their mercenaries to dominate and control the trade of precious mineral resources, thereby asserting their ideology or settling their grievances.
One of the consequences of these geostrategic manipulations is that these interferences have magically become the reasons and justifications for the presence of foreign troops in African countries, thus allowing the continuation of colonialism and the institutionalization of a new form of Military Protectorate under the cover of the new globalized security policy.
Deep wounds have resulted and continue to open with the repetition of a cascade of coups d’état, interference by foreign powers, arms races, and races against time to monopolize and acquire the riches of the African subsoil.
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Modernization and sophistication of the military intelligence apparatus in Africa, a new challenge for civilian governments
Since independence, no stable governance has become the main component of African regimes, and no serious and measurable effort has been able to be truly and authentically implemented and have large-scale results in terms of economic development, social justice, and public health. These failures have renewed the scourges and impacts of causes and reasons in the socio-economic and political domains that have exacerbated the problems of poverty and inequality in African regions where armed violence and coups are seen as an escape route.
The critical question for Africa therefore remains:
Can we build African integration and unity at the continental level when we are experiencing regional insecurity, instability, and all the follies and deformations of a ravaged, vulnerable state subjected to all forms of institutional deprivation?
Share with us all, your thoughts and perceptions on these critical issues that determine Africa’s progress today and shape the destiny of the current African generation.
TRI CK USA CALIFORNIA – January 24 to 27, 2024 – Oakland, San Francisco Bay Area.
Africa has not yet found the path to conciliation through dialogue on solutions and resolution alternatives, and the de-escalation of the reasons for political-military and bureaucratic-technocratic rivalries and competitions as well as the race to seize power and use it to purge the country of opponents, opponents and activists who do not share its will, political objectives, and institutional objectives.
The coup d’état in Africa has been used as a reward and valorization of personal gains in the ranks of the military. The hoarding of wealth under the pretext of the decadence of political rules and the degradation of institutional equity is presented as the cause of social violence, non-compliance with the law, the rise of organized crime and delinquency, the absence of social programs for the development of the workforce and the creation of jobs for the troubling waves of young generations, the spread of corruption accompanied by favoritism, injustice, corruption, despotism, nepotism and clientelism among the new rising hybrid elites resulting from a social crossbreeding of technocrats and “militarists” formed by foreign schools of thought and martial eco-management strategies. The incumbent political parties in search of popular legitimacy have remained attached to the past neocolonial relationships that shaped the leadership and ruling classes in Africa where power was concentrated in a few hands that received the blessing of the European colonial powers that facilitated the transfer of central state power to their benefit under the pretext of facade independence.
Many treaties and agreements with foreign countries and entities were signed to consolidate the “grip” of these hereditary neocolonial politicians, especially in the French-speaking countries of sub-Saharan Africa. These elites were also handpicked because of their allegiance to the former colonial power by their adherence to the militaristic approach favored in the process of power transfer. This militaristic strategy reinforced the rivalries between the different ethnic tribes and existing religious practices.
These social and cultural divisions were premeditated as part of the divisive strategy favored by the European leaders. African society was then shaped according to the decision of the metropolis and its new need for regional domination based on the selection of individuals who had lived and been educated by the former colonial power. These new “metropolitan” castes became the civil servants, translators, and lower administrative links forming and serving the function of gears between the centralized colonial power and the regional tribal chiefs.
What specific examples are there of African military leaders who acquired strategic knowledge?
How has the professionalization of the military impacted relations between military and civilian governments?
Are there potential solutions to the problem of military leaders having more knowledge and sophistication than elected officials?
What are the potential consequences if military leaders have more knowledge and sophistication than elected officials?
These are the questions that are being addressed as reasons for forcibly changing governments.
As we all know, since the time of independence, Africa has always received aid, advice, guidance, investment, and promotion in all areas, and even its military has been fortunate to acquire sophisticated strategic knowledge, not only on military management but also on technology, know-how and new forms of governance, all based on the knowledge, identification, and prevention of insecurity and social unrest.
African military leaders have visited Western war schools, research and development centers, think tanks on security and guerrilla warfare, and even on the use of high technology to control masses and populations, and even other military units that could be sources of instability. This new mix of African military through technocratic and managerial formations is so advanced that the promoters of such formations could become the disruptors of intelligence flows and intelligence on state management. We have witnessed, in the case of Sudan and other armies in Latin America, Asia, and the rest of Africa, this type of extreme professionalization of the military that created a schism in their ranks as well as a separation from the central state: a new permanent militaristic state developed within the state that until then was composed only of presidents, parliamentarians and elected administrators – elected heads of regional and local councils.
The state presidents as career politicians and the rest of the politicians practicing the art of political controversy did not have the level of knowledge acquired by military officers. As a result, these “politicians” could not compete with the level of sophistication of practical knowledge and political awareness that the army leaders acquired and developed through their direct participation in training programs and by joining the coalition of military personnel of different nationalities conducting exercises and security operations in Africa.
The issue of security, the presence of foreign troops, and the development of jihadists
The three-border zone: the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara
In the Liptako-Gourma zone, known as the three borders with Mali and Burkina Faso, it is also from these two neighboring countries that jihadists launch attacks inside Niger before retreating.
On its western flank, Niger is mainly confronted with the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS) group, which has gained the upper hand over its rival affiliated with Al-Qaeda, the Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims (GSIM), which is more established in Mali.
In March 2023, the Nigerien army announced that it had killed 79 jihadists that it had chased into Malian territory. In this regard, the Nigerien authorities extended by three months at the end of April 2023 the state of emergency declared in the border regions of Tillabéri and Tahoua in the west, established in 2017, as well as that of Diffa in the southeast, bordering Nigeria and Chad.
In the southeast, on the border with Nigeria and Chad: Boko Haram and the Islamic State in West Africa
Unlike Liptako-Gourma, the southeastern flank constitutes another major source of insecurity. Here too, the threat is cross-border and comes from Nigeria and Lake Chad, where the jihadists of Boko Haram and its dissident branch, the Islamic State in West Africa (ISWAP), are active.
In this area, the Nigerien army can penetrate the neighboring territory of Nigeria to track down the jihadists who retreat there, for example from Boko Haram. As a sign of the relations between the various armed extremist groups, in 2022, the EIGS joined the Islamic State in West Africa.
Read: Niger: around thirty “terrorists” who fled Nigeria killed by the army
The distress of populations forced to move. Attacks by extremist armed groups in the west, south, and east of Niger, against localities or army positions, are causing flows of civilian populations to flee the violence.
According to the UN, in Niger, 698,000 people are forced to move in June 2023: among them, 358.000 displaced persons, 251,000 refugees, and 50,000 asylum seekers. Most of the refugees fled the conflicts in Mali and Burkina Faso, but also in northeastern Nigeria.
Niger: the disarray of Malian refugees
Other refugees are also flocking to the northern border with Algeria, which is expelling them across the desert. Since the beginning of 2023, more than 9,000 migrants turned back at the border by Algeria have found themselves stranded in Assamaka, in the desert region of Agadez, report UN organizations.
Military aid and foreign bases in Niger
After the coups d’état in Mali and Burkina Faso, which resulted in the withdrawal of French forces and even a rapprochement with Russia, Niger has become the West’s best ally in the fight against jihadists in the Sahel.
Recently, the European Union granted €5 million in aid to supply weapons to the Nigerien forces.
The United States and France are among the key partners. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken made a first visit to Niger during an African tour in mid-March 2023.
The United States built Air Base 201 in Agadez, in the north of the country. It is used in particular for the take-off of American drones and surveillance and intelligence missions.
France was forced to redeploy its presence in the Sahel to Niger. Some 1,500 French soldiers are present there. Air Base 101 located near Niamey airport is the hub. This is where French drones and fighters take off.
Niger: Eighth coup d’état since independence in 1960
In #Niger, gathered under the name of the National Council for the Safeguarding of the Fatherland (CNSP), a group of soldiers announced on national television on Wednesday evening the end of the era of President Mohamed Bazoum, democratically elected in 2021.
“Soldiers claimed, late in the evening of Wednesday, July 26, to have overthrown the regime of Nigerien President #MohamedBazoum, in a statement read by one of them on national television in #Niamey, on behalf of a National Council for the Safeguarding of the Fatherland (CNSP). An act motivated in particular by “the continuing deterioration of the security situation” in Niger, according to Colonel-Major Amadou Abdramane Sandjodi.”
“All institutions of the 7th Republic are suspended. The Secretary General of the Ministries will be responsible for managing current affairs. The defense and security forces are managing the situation. All external partners are requested not to interfere”
“Land and air borders are closed until the situation stabilizes. A curfew is in effect from today, from 10 p.m. to 5 a.m. throughout the territory until further notice”
“Among the officers who participated in the declaration reading, we can cite among others the head of the Nigerien special forces, General Barmou Batouré, General Toumba, chief of staff of the army, and the high commander of the national guard.”
National Council for the Safeguarding of the Homeland
This group of soldiers, grouped within a National Council for the Safeguarding of the Homeland (#CNSP) claimed to have dismissed President Mohamed Bazoum. The coalition of soldiers forming this National Council imposed a curfew and closed the borders. The statement was made in the presence of senior army officers, including Generals Mohamed Toumba and Moussa Salaou and Colonels Adamou Ibro (presidential guard) and Ahmad Sidian (national guard). This Thursday morning 27/7/2023, the Chief of Staff rallied to the cause of the putschists to “preserve the physical integrity of President Bazoum” and cohesion within the army.
The #CNSP called on the “French partner” to respect the provisions of press release number 3, relating to the closure of air and land borders, after noting the landing of a military plane at Niamey airport on Thursday at 6 a.m.
After Burkina Faso and Mali, Niger After Mali and Burkina Faso, Niger becomes the third Sahel country to experience a coup d’état since 2020; another “Barkhane” country will therefore be led by the military.
Jean Luc Mélenchon: “A new military coup after Mali and Burkina; each time, the French presence is denounced”
This coup in Niger is one example among many of the decline in security and the rule of law in Africa. Indeed, nearly 70% of the African population lives in a country where the security environment and the rule of law are worse in 2021 than in 2012, mainly due to the deterioration of the security situation according to the Mo Ibrahim index.
Compared to ten years ago, the levels of violence against civilians and armed conflict are much higher.
The United States and African military elites: Military Supremacy Over Civilian Regimes in Sub-Saharan Africa
Since 2012, American taxpayers have spent more than $500 million in Niger, making it one of the largest security assistance programs in sub-Saharan Africa. Across the continent, the State Department recorded only nine terrorist attacks in 2002 and 2003, compared with 2,737 last year in Burkina Faso, Mali, and western Niger, according to a report by the Africa Center for Strategic Studies, a U.S. Department of Defense think tank.
U.S. troops train, advise, and assist their Nigerien counterparts. They have fought and even died in the country. Over the past decade, the number of U.S. troops deployed to Niger has grown from 100 to 1,016. Niger has also seen a proliferation of U.S. outposts.
Barmou and Braga met in June 2023 to “discuss counterterrorism policy and tactics across the region,” according to a military press release. The Pentagon says the U.S. partnership with the Nigerien military, particularly its commandos, is critical to countering militants.
Department of Defense agencies partner with the Nigerien military and special operators to combat violent extremism across Northwest Africa, but experts say the focus on counterterrorism is part of the problem.
“The primary issues fueling conflict in Niger and the Sahel are not military. They stem from people’s frustration with poverty, the legacy of colonialism, elite corruption, and political and ethnic tensions and injustices.” Yet rather than addressing these problems, the U.S. government has prioritized sending weapons, funding, and training the region’s militaries to fight its wars on terrorism,” said Stephanie Savell, co-director of the Costs of War Project at Brown University and an expert on U.S. military efforts in West Africa. “One of the hugely negative consequences has been the strengthening of the region’s security forces at the expense of other government institutions, and that’s certainly a factor in the list of coups we’ve seen in Niger, Burkina Faso, and elsewhere in recent years.” » Nick Turse – July 27, 2023, 6:27 p.m.
Africa of the people and Africa of the elites torpedoed from outside
African presidents of ECOWAS want to be the policemen of West Africa to save their positions
ECOWAS leaders meet to discuss the coup in Niger
Nigerian military leaders have warned against any armed intervention in the country as West African leaders are due to meet on Sunday 30/07/2023 in the Nigerian capital for an emergency summit to decide on further actions to pressure the military to restore constitutional order.
Heads of state from the 15-member Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the eight-member West African Economic and Monetary Union could suspend Niger from their institutions, isolate the country from the regional central bank and financial market, and close its borders.
Chad, Niger’s eastern neighbor and not a member of either regional organization, has been invited to the ECOWAS summit, a statement from the Chadian presidency said Saturday (July 29, 2023).
Niger is one of the world’s poorest countries, receiving nearly $2 billion a year in official development assistance, according to the World Bank. It is also a security partner of former colonial powers France and the United States, which use it as a base to fight an Islamist insurgency in the Sahel region of West and Central Africa.
West African leaders could also consider for the first time a military intervention to reinstate President Mohamed Bazoum, who was ousted when General Abdourahamane Tiani was proclaimed the new head of state on Friday 28/07/2023.
Ahead of Sunday’s summit, Niger’s military leaders warned Saturday night, in a statement read on Niger national television, against any military intervention.
“The objective of the (ECOWAS) meeting is to approve a plan of aggression against Niger through an imminent military intervention in Niamey in collaboration with other African countries not members of ECOWAS and some Western countries,” said the junta’s spokesman, Colonel Amadou Abdramane.
The Nigerian army announced Thursday that Niger and Nigeria had finalized a security agreement, following a meeting between the defense chiefs of the two countries on Wednesday in Niamey, the capital of Niger.
A statement from a Nigerian military official said: “Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to resume and strengthen collaboration, intending to ensure regional stability and security.”
Relations between the two countries have been strained for nearly a year, as the regions bordering the two countries have cultural ties.
Niger has in the past accused ECOWAS of failing to help it combat Islamist violence. However, it appears that the two countries have concluded that a partnership is necessary to combat the insecurity they face.
The statement issued by the Nigerian military official noted that the agreement reached this week “reaffirmed its willingness to resume active participation in security cooperation within the framework of the Multinational Joint Task Force.”
The rift between Niger and Nigeria began after the coup in Niger in July 2023
Niger immediately began facing sanctions from the West and its then regional bloc, ECOWAS, including a threat of invasion to restore democracy.
As a result, Niger would join Burkina Faso and Mali in September of that year to form a regional alliance known as the Alliance of Sahel States (ESA), which was intended to operate outside ECOWAS jurisdiction.
In February 2024, ECOWAS lifted the sanctions it had imposed on Niger, including trade, economic, and other sanctions. This would do little to encourage Niger to return to ECOWAS.
During the same period, Niger reiterated its ban on flights from Nigeria, insisting that flights from Nigeria would not be allowed to land in Niger.
Nigeria had previously announced the reinstatement of the ban on flights to and from Niger through a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM). This indicated that the measure was being implemented in line with the ECOWAS resolution.
However, in May, Nigerien Prime Minister Ali Mahaman Lamine Zeine invited all ECOWAS countries to join the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), which appeared to be on the rise.
July 28, 2023, Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – Version Française: Destin Africa in, Niger: Tensions Extraverties et Richesses Minières Africa Military Coup Niger Niger – Niamey Africa Knocked Out by Coups, Overthrown Regimes, Disrupted Territories, Disputed Borders, Fragmented Spaces. My Africa, Fric is not Chic that erodes Politics like Chicanery and Mocker of Democratic Elections The Problem … Continue reading“
Editor: Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Ethiopia, Guinea and Mali excluded the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Offered by the United States of America AGOA is trade preferences program that allows sub-Saharan African countries to export to the United States duty-free Ambassador Katherine Tai, U.S. representative for foreign trade, announced on Saturday [1/1/2022]: “The United States…Continue Reading →
Editor Said El Mansour Cherkaoui La Guinée est le premier pays d’Afrique subsaharienne à être devenu indépendant vis-à-vis de la France en 1958. Depuis, l’histoire de la jeune République est jalonnée par des pouvoirs autocratiques, des manifestations et des répressions brutales restées impunies. Alpha Condé, 82 ans, est à la tête de la Guinée depuis 2010. L’ancien…Continue Reading →
Priorités de Burkina Faso: Tensions Régionales et Report de la Coopération Chinoise
Le Capitaine Ibrahim Traoré, Président du Burkina Faso, a pris la décision de ne pas se rendre à la République Populaire de Chine, annulant ainsi sa participation au Forum sur la coopération sino-africaine (FOCAC) prévu du 4 au 6 septembre à Pékin.
Cette visite aurait marqué sa deuxième sortie officielle hors du continent africain, la première ayant été sa participation au sommet Russie-Afrique en juillet 2023.
Cette annulation intervient à la suite d’une attaque terroriste meurtrière survenue le 24 août dans le village de Barsalogho, situé dans le Centre-nord du pays.
“Au regard de la situation nationale avec l’attaque de Barsalogho, la visite du président du Faso en Chine est annulée,” a déclaré une source proche de la Présidence du Faso, soulignant l’urgence de la situation nationale.
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Developed Strategies and Directed Training on Market and Technology to Strengthen China Trade and Business in the United States, Africa, Europe and Middle East.
What are the possibilities for such advances in the economic and financial cooperation between Morocco and China?
Is the High-Speed train can be the driving force to increase and consolidate the Moroccan – China relationship?
The present article presenting the interview of His Excellency the Ambassador of China in Morocco will set some basis of understanding where and how the next step and the potential opportunities where China can contribute directly with its technology and know-how as well as at the level of financing the infrastructure, the agriculture, the water supply and the development of essential sectors in Morocco.
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui was invited by the Chinese Government to facilitate the international expansion of Chinese companies and to provide training to the leaders of Chinese companies on the requirements of business internationalization and the development of logistics for market entry including distribution in Western Europe and the United States of America. This invitation followed the organization of a 3-month training course that I had prepared in Oakland and Berkeley within the Center for International Trade Development (CITD) in collaboration with academic and professional institutions located in Oakland and Berkeley in the San Francisco Bay and Northern California. These study and training programs provided to Chinese delegations were composed of businessmen, CEOs, and regional representatives of the authorities of central power and were part of the cooperation agreements between China and the United States. Read more
What if the future of modern trade is already in China?
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui as Advisor for China’s Regional Development of International Business and Trade Operations
Internet helps to save time with a high return on investment. Buying from a mobile and being delivered where you want is time and money-saving. Following a study, 75% of the Chinese population that browses on the internet, does it on a mobile phone. The other conclusion of the study is that there is an overlap between the population that uses the internet and social media and the consumers with purchasing power. With the most Internet users in the world, China has the world’s largest and fastest-growing social networks and e-commerce platforms.
The national online retail sales of goods and services in China reached 1.4 trillion Yuan in the first quarter, 32,1% higher than in Q1 2016. In comparison, retail sales of the physical stores went up by 7.2% only. In many countries where one does not have often a say, online consumers have a say on social networks and can chat with each other and share experiences.
E-commerce market in China
Giving feedback on products, services, and brands, and their validation through ratings is a form of power that consumers have. This gives trust, transparency, and security, that institutions cannot always offer. Health care requires trust, transparency, and security. A McKinsey survey in 2017 showed that 65 % of online shoppers in China are seeking ways to lead a healthier lifestyle.
Next to being the largest e-commerce market, China is also the most innovative e-commerce in the world. Innovations such as mobile digital payment ecosystems, and virtual reality are probably key reasons for the rise of e-retail spending. It seems that this offers availability and value to customers even in rural markets. Incorporating digital payments into existing services will open up new markets for micro, small, and medium enterprises and transform the way people transact around the world, including developing countries. Innovative business models are required for e-commerce in areas where mobile digital payment ecosystems are not yet possible. Source:
Over the past twenty years, however, China has been progressing very rapidly. It is even the country in the world with the strongest economic growth. The GDP thus grew by 8.2% per year between 1975 and 2002 and by 8.6% per year between 1990 and 2002, a multiplication of 2.5 in 12 years, by almost 8 in 27 years! No other country can boast of such economic development which has placed the republic on the path which today makes it the second power in the world.
China: Yesterday Principles – Today Advanced Tech
Over the past two decades, China has become a manufacturing hub and the world’s largest exporter of goods, transforming from an emerging economy to an economic superpower.
According to the latest estimates of the economic outlook for IMF, the country will represent 18.8% of global GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) this year. A figure up by more than 10 percentage points compared to the early 2000s, when the United States and the European Union were still far ahead in economic production.
Over the past twenty years, the United States and major European economies have seen their superiority challenged by the emergence of new powers, such as China, India, and other countries. While the United States saw its share of global GDP decline from 19.8% to 15.8% between 2002 and 2022, that of the European Union fell from 19.9% to 14.8% over the same period (keeping in mind that the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU also contributed to this decline).
The gap between China, the United States, and the EU is likely to widen in the coming years, as the outlook is rather bleak for the latter two economies, which are at risk of entering a recession, while the Chinese economy should be able to continue to post single-digit growth rates (close to 5%).
China is working on establishing all these milestones and beyond.
Battling China is the reward given to China as recognition of its outstanding performances realized during just 5 presidents du Developpement Global de la Chine – 4 Leaders Pieds de la Table de Jeu Technologique de la Chine and 50 years of hard work and devotion to national development policies and goals.
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Surprise Gift that can be only from Chinese Heart and Love: They Took Me to the Great Wall on the Day of my Birthday, and without Telling me Where they were taking me or What the Reason of this Long Drive between Peaks of Mountains and toboggan-style Roads. Once we came out of this kind of Russian Metallic Jeep, they said here we go, this is the Only Monument Place that can be seen from the Moon and today you are a Complete Man according to Chairman Mao. That was my second Spiritual baptism in my Entire Life. With Big Hearthly Warm Feelings for Life, I will never forget this moment of surprise and Enlightenment, Only in China
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui in China
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui as Advisor for China’s Regional Development of International Business and Trade Operations
As the world economy continues to grapple with supply chain issues (in part) caused by the “zero Covid” health policy and lockdowns in China. It has become sadly clear just how bad the global economy is vulnerable to regional disruptions, especially if they occur in China, the largest supplier of goods on the planet.
China’s Great Development A First in the History and the World of Suspended Infrastructure
Universal Wisdom, Western Know-How, and Human Knowledge with a Chinese Perspective
The Tea House in Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China – I LOVE CHINA AND ITS GREAT CIVILIZATION DEEP IN HISTORY, DEEP IN TIME AND CULTURE WITHOUT PRETENSE OR NOISE — with Said El Mansour Cherkaoui in Guiyang.
I was invited by the Chinese Government to facilitate the international expansion of Chinese companies and to provide training to the leaders of Chinese companies on the requirements of business internationalization and the development of logistics for market entry including distribution in Western Europe and the United States of America.
This invitation followed the organization of a 3-month training course that I had prepared in Oakland and Berkeley within the Center for International Trade Development (CITD) in collaboration with academic and professional institutions located in Oakland and Berkeley in the San Francisco Bay and Northern California.
These study and training programs provided to Chinese delegations were composed of businessmen, CEOs, and regional representatives of the authorities of central power. They were part of the cooperation agreements between China and the United States.
In fact, since 1995, I have established direct and consulting relationships with Chinese officials when I served as Vice President of the International Business Commission within the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce. I also organized the visit of a delegation formed by members of research centers, businessmen, and leaders of the provinces of Yunnan, Dalian, and other regions of China.
Our prayers and thoughts go out to the valiant Chinese People for their recovery and for that of the People of this World currently suffering from this epidemic which we hope will be banished from all our memories and our human history by the scientific and divine will, Ameen.
Presiding and Leading Negotiations with Officials and Entrepreneurs in Guiyang, China as Representative of the East Bay Center for International Trade Development, Berkeley, California, USA.
The Beauty is to be Invited by the Government of China and the Provincial Government of Guizhou
Marathon around the World From Doukkala Mazagan El Jadida next to Sidi Moussa Ben Amerane to the Mongolian border of Genghis Khan and especially Kubilai Khan’s China with the Great Yuan Dynasty, the first dynasty, not Han in the entire dynastic history of China
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui and the East Bay Center for International Trade Development in China, Guiyang, Guizhou.
Présidant et Menant des Négociations en Chine avec des Responsables et des Entrepreneurs Chinois dans l’Etat de Guiyang comme Représentant du East Bay Center of International Trade Development, Berkeley, California
Presiding and Leading Negotiations with Officials and Entrepreneurs in Guiyang, China as Representative of the East Bay Center for International Trade Development, Berkeley, California, USA.
I have worked with the CITD in Oakland and Berkeley. I was among the first members who joined this organization in 1992-1993 and worked with the CITD which was located within the Vista Community College.
I participated in the first Statewide meeting of the CITD and contributed to drawing the organizational and working strategies of the California CITD.
At this date, only 5 CITDs existed and Dr. Barbara Beno was the President of Vista Community College. I have during the years 1994 to 1998 and from 2001 to 2007, I drafted all the strategies and the planning of the activities of the CITD and the East Bay Center for International Trade Development respectively located in Berkeley, Oakland, and later on in Berkeley again.
Furthermore, I have organized several outbound and inbound trade delegations from many countries including China (several delegations), Egypt, Morocco, Eastern and Western African countries, Vietnam, and Japan along with visits by entrepreneurs.
The Three Candlesticks and Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui:
Universal wisdom, Western know-how and human knowledge with a Chinese perspective:
Les Trois Chandeliers et Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui:
La sagesse universelle, le savoir-faire occidental et la connaissance humaine avec un éclairage de la Chine:
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui en Chine — in Guizhou.
Dr. Cherkaoui facilitated the meeting of High-level Executives, Managers, and Scientists from China with their American peers.
Developing California and Bay Area Trade Connections with China since 1994
Research and Publications on China Tech and Telecom Development
Cherkaoui has managed, directed, and provided technical assistance and consulting since 1993. He served as a Consultant for both the East Bay Small Business Development Center (SBDC) and the Center for International Trade Development (CITD) based in Oakland, serving the Bay Area and Northern California. Similarly, Cherkaoui has been an adjunct associate professor at Golden Gate University and at many other academic institutions for online and onsite training and educational programs that address entrepreneurship, business functionalities, marketing, global trade, international business, international logistics, and marketing. Cherkaoui’s work focused on closing the divide between entrepreneurs, businesses, and educational and professional institutions eager to develop their operations and/or enter the international market. He has also provided training to foreign delegations of executives and senior managers from China, Mexico, France, Egypt, Ghana, Nigeria, and Spain.
On the side of this, he has also managed his businesses in the fields of ERP and Technology, Consulting, and Food and beverage enterprises.
Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui has created and conducted lectures and studies programs, organized international conferences, training sessions, professional seminars, and business events for several Chinese delegations, and published extensively on China. Dr. Cherkaoui has established professional and friendly relations with China and taught many courses on China’s model of development at several universities in the Bay Area of San Francisco. He conducted also research on China and presented the corresponding papers while preparing for his doctoral studies in France.
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui night-at-the-Tea-House-at-Guiyang-Guizhou-Province-China_
Similarly, Dr. Cherkaoui organized several visits by trade and meetings for business delegations to the Bay Area of San Francisco, including the first of its kind with Mr. Liu, the Vice Mayor of Beijing, and Senior Executives and High Regional Officials from Dalian, Yunnan, and Guiyang. For such involvement, Dr. Cherkaoui was invited by the Central and Provincial Authorities of China where he directed training and strategies on Market Development and Implementation of Technology to develop relations and investments in the United States, Africa, Europe, and the Middle East.
★ A Presentation of my Professional and Entrepreneurial Profile with proven track of records, pictures, and letters of reference provided upon request at saidcherkaoui@triconsultingkyoto.com ★ Initiated and organized international business visits and negotiated contracts for global high-tech, franchising, retail, and food companies for U.S. companies with their peers in France, Spain, Italy, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, India, Japan, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Ivory Coast, Senegal, Ghana, Cameroon, Nigeria, and South Africa. ★ Organized international conferences and executive meetings to expand the outreach of California’s small and mid-sized companies in Africa (North and Subsaharan regions), Asia, and Europe (South Mediterranean Region). ★ Conducted research and published studies in France and the US on North American and Mexican Marketplaces, Latin American countries, African Economies, Development of Technology in China, international trade, and global business development. ★ Served as Advisor and Expert Consultant to U.S. executives, and foreign decision-makers, and governmental agencies in California, Guiyang, Shanghai, Yunnan, and Dalian in China, Mexico, France, Ghana, Cameroon, and Egypt. ★ At US academic institutions, introduced new courses on technology and telecommunications, taught international management program studies, and mentored doctorate thesis on technology development, and international trade development. ★ Well-versed in challenges within high-tech start-ups and IT / Telecom companies with the ability to enact innovative business strategies and market-oriented solutions. ★ Experienced in writing in English and French languages, articles, messaging, analytical content, and collateral for U.S.-based enterprises, and regional and international operations. ★ Recognized Author and Scholar by his peers and Executive Editor of http://www.cherkaouijournal.com with extensive written and published articles on Linkedin and other social media. ★ Fluency in English, French, and Arabic (Dialectal and Classic), advanced knowledge in Spanish with working knowledge in German, Italian, and Portuguese.
★ Solide expérience dans la gestion des projets commerciaux aux Etats-Unis, en Afrique, en Asie, en Europe, au Moyen-Orient et en Amérique Latine, une présentation de certains de ces acquis. ★ Grande compétence dans l’organisation des visites d’affaires internationales et la négociation des contrats pour des sociétés mondiales de haute technologie, de franchisage, les grandes surfaces de vente de produits alimentaires tant aux Etats-Unis qu’en France, Espagne, Italie, Chine, Taïwan, Vietnam, Inde, Japon, Maroc, Algérie, Tunisie, Égypte, Côte d’Ivoire, Sénégal, Ghana, Cameroun, Nigéria et Afrique du Sud. ★ Organisation de conférences internationales et de réunions de direction pour l’expansion internationale des petites et moyennes entreprises californiennes en Afrique (régions du Nord et Subsaharienne), en Asie (régions du Sud-ouest) et en Europe (régions de la Méditerranée du Sud). ★ A agi en tant que conseiller et consultant expert auprès de cadres américains, de décideurs étrangers et d’agences gouvernementales en Californie, Guiyang, Shanghai, Yunnan et Dalian en Chine, au Mexique, en France, au Ghana, au Cameroun, Nigeria et en Égypte. ★ Enseignang academique aux Etats Unis, introduit de nouveaux cours sur la technologie et les télécommunications, a enseigné la gestion internationale, a encadré des thèse de doctorat sur le développement technologique, le développement du commerce international. ★ Bien familiarisé avec les défis des start-ups de haute technologie et des entreprises IT / Telecom avec une expertise à adopter des stratégies commerciales innovantes et des solutions appropriées. ★ Expérimenté dans la rédaction en anglais et en français d’articles analytiques, la préparation de messagerie, du contenu analytique pour les entreprises basées aux États-Unis et sur les opérations régionales et internationales. ★ Auteur et érudit reconnu par ses pairs et rédacteur en chef du journal en linge: http://www.cherkaouijournal.com en biais a la publication de nombreux articles écrits et publiés sur Linkedin et d’autres médias sociaux. ★ Maîtrise de l’Anglais, du Français et de l’Arabe (dialectal et classique) avec connaissance avancée de l’Espagnol avec une compréhension des langues Allemande, Italienne et Portugaise.
🌍 Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Works and Publications Online on Africa / Afrique 🌍
To my right, Dr. Faheem Hameed, and to my left and holding my hand, Dr. Babacar Ndiaye, an Executive Official of the African American Chamber of Commerce, Seattle.
Degauche a droite, Dr. Faheem Hameed, Un responsable Exécutif,et Dr. Babacar Ndiaye me tenant la main,
For your perusal though here is Morocco presented as more sovereign than this poor and unrealistic Map of Africa, this is a Colonial Time and Divisive showing of Morocco, Africans should strive to be in an independent mindset and not retrieve and be the copy of the colonial past.
Africans can make a difference in their daily life by seeking the Unity and Progress of their peers and identifications and not pulling behind their backs references, symbols, and idols of dominant ideological past colonial times and dark age of exploitation through the division of tribes, regions, and even spiritual beliefs.
We need people who consider the Motherland of Africa as the cradle of our Renaissance and our Growth in self-respect, self-esteem, and self-gratification through sharing common beliefs in owning our proper Memories and our awareness and not being taught about divisive propaganda and manipulative thoughts.
We need to build our educational environment based on our deep and authentic history without praise or self-gratifying drives
We need to be authentic with our Past, Present, and Vision for shedding light on the Generations to come to be the new enthusiasm of the bright African minds and African Creators of their Own Freedom and Independence.
July 28, 2023, Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – Version Française: Destin Africa in, Niger: Tensions Extraverties et Richesses Minières Africa Military Coup Niger Niger – Niamey Africa Knocked Out by Coups, Overthrown Regimes, Disrupted Territories, Disputed Borders, Fragmented Spaces. My Africa, Fric is not Chic that erodes Politics like Chicanery and Mockery of Democratic Elections The Problem … Continue reading“
Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Grenoble, Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – Senior Policy Adviser ★ Talks about #economics, #trade, #technology, #geopolitics, #morocco #sahelafrica, #middle east, #europe, #usa and #china • 1w • La Relève de Emmanuel Macron est assurée à l’IEP de Grenoble et ca s’appelle Hugo BIOLLEY En politique politicienne, la limite, … Continue reading
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui: There is nothing new in the actual development of China for me and it is not at all surprising to me: The limit is not the sky for China In 1978, I said: “Nothing will Stop China, even its internal contradictions” In that year, … Continue reading
In the present article, we will emphasize the reasons for the setback experienced by the restructuring and rescheduling of Zambia’s External Debt and how even with the twist of events and alliances other projects such as the Liboto Corridor Project can become a double edge sword with 2 sharp sides and even to be transformed in the Sword of Damocles put on the top of the Zambia Head.
International Conference on North Saharan Africa – Morocco – Algeria – Tunisia and Senegal
CITD and other Federal and California Institutions – Conference on Africa with US Department of Commerce, San Francisco The email address and Phone Number have changed, please use this email for contact: saidcherkaoui@triconsultingkyoto.com
Welcome to the American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa which is an affiliate of Africana Enterprise and strives to contribute to the economic enhancement of the development drive of Africa.
American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa provides a wide range of programs to support the entrepreneurial spirit and action, the cooperation between authorities, aspiring and established entrepreneurs, and community leaders to coordinate their policies, strategies, efforts, and actions toward the spreading of development across the African Economic Regional Communities.
American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa is inviting all the decision-makers and veteran entrepreneurs to participate in the realization of our mission and objectives and to overcome the challenges brought about by a fragmented ecosystem and diversified entrepreneurship environment in Morocco and Africa and enable entrepreneurship to become the driving force for local, regional and national economic development and to facilitate as a bridge to drive out of poverty and exit from the darkness of backwardness.
🌍MOROCCO DIGITALL Morocco and Africa Digitall Transformation🌍
Here is the Real Rocket Taking to the African Galaxy
American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa seeks and privileges the establishment of partnership and collaboration with all the parties interested by the growth of entrepreneurship in Africa.
BECOME PART OF THE AFRICAN MOVEMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL LIBERATION
Executive Leadership Development Programs for Success Entrepreneurial thinking, innovation, and new technologies are powering startups and creating business opportunities for savvy entrepreneurs, intrapreneurs, and investors. What You Need to Learn and to Know Pre-seed to Exit program is designed for entrepreneurs looking to acquire direct experience in: Developing a plan for an investable project Accurately […]
Article written in English Le Maroc traîne dans le financement des Start-up en Afrique A travers les projets d’entrepreneurs se réalisent des retombées économiques tant sur le plan de la creation d’entreprise mais aussi de l’emploi en plus du rôle de locomotive joué par les start-ups dans la stimulation des autres déjà existantes compagnies et […] Continuer de lire: Startup, Quel Avenir au
Jun 17, 2021 – updated 1/3/2022 Startups in Morocco still face a few challenges. The major one is the lack of a pipeline of talented engineers and business course-related graduates. Startups have been forced to settle for less impressive talent because they can not compete with the pull of more established traditional. companies when […] Read more Morocco Startups
Startup in Africa “Startup in Africa ” Startup ecosystem in Africa Africa Startup: Boomerang of Micro-ECommerce Continuously updated with new inputs and trends For Better or Worse Emergent Technologies Changing Africa! COVID-19 induced a global eCommerce boom, but Africa accounted for less than 3% of […] Read more Tech Ecosystem and Startups in Africa
Continuously updated with new inputs and trends For Better or Worse Emergent Technologies Changing Africa! COVID-19 induced a global eCommerce boom, but Africa accounted for less than 3% of eCommerce activity Are these efforts going to increase the use of Information Communication Technologies and develop broadband penetration in Africa? Will technology increase the divide or help to integrate Africa? What are the Destiny and the … Continue reading Africa Startup: Boomerang of Micro-ECommerce
Article written in English Le Maroc traîne dans le financement des Start-up en Afrique Why am I fooling myself when I know you speak another language and love another ways of Doing business Dans tous les pays ou les Italiens avaient émigré, on trouve des magasins Italiens et des importateurs italiens. Les Italiens continuent de maintenir leurs relations avec leur pays d’origine, parce que les … Continue readingMaroc et Techstart-up: Integration sans Structuration Stratégique
Post author By Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – February 3, 2022 – Article Based on Compilation from Findings by Partech Analysis First Findings We tracked a total of 359 equity rounds raised by 347 start-ups, compared to 250 rounds by 234 start-ups last year: representing +44% growth YoY in deal count. 347 African tech start-ups raised a total of US$ 1.43 Billion in 359 equity rounds. This is quite remarkable. In […] Africa Techventure Capital 2021
Morocco Unveils Its Digital Nation Ambition With The Launch Of MoroccoTech That Turned Out to a Complete Merchandising Fiasco Conducted for Personal Gains without any Perspectives on Building a Moroccan Ecosystem for the Development of National Strategic Development of Technology Made in Morocco
The Rocket that Explodes in the face of the Intruders and Comploters and Demasked the Usurpators at the First Day of the Inauguration of this SelfSatifaction and Selfgratification as well as Selfambition Primed to the Detriment of a National Policy and Strategy of Technological Development
When the Missionaries arrived, the Africans had the Land and the Missionaries had the Bible. They taught us how to pray with our eyes closed. When we opened them, they had the land and we had the Bible. – Jomo Kenyatta
Dans cet article, nous soulignerons les raisons du revers subi par la restructuration et le rééchelonnement de la dette extérieure de la Zambie et comment, même avec la tournure des événements et des alliances, d’autres projets tels que le projet de corridor de Liboto peuvent devenir une arme à double tranchant avec 2 côtés tranchants. et même se transformer en épée de Damoclès posée au sommet de la tête de Zambie.
L’École africaine de développement et de financement devrait utiliser le cas de la Zambie pour enseigner à nos dirigeants et à nos dirigeants comment éviter d’être attirés, attirés et finalement punis par ceux qui, depuis le début, ont cherché et voulu contrôler et faire obéir l’économie zambienne à leurs principes et concepts. de développement néolibéral importés de l’extérieur alors qu’ils finiront par exporter vers eux et à leur profit tous les atouts miniers internes et les valeurs locales.
La Zambie est une étude typique et un manuel ouvert sur la manière de tomber dans le filet de la modernisation et en même temps d’éviter de tomber dans le piège de la dette extérieure, encadrée et camouflée dans une stratégie néolibérale de mise à niveau des infrastructures à travers l’adoption des outils de financement de et fourni par les politiques de développement contrôlées par l’État occidental et leur armée de dirigeants d’entreprises qui ont transformé la Zambie en une monnaie d’échange dans la compétition internationale entre l’Ouest et l’Est.
La position de la Zambie dans le système financier international et sur le marché international des matières premières est typique de nombreux pays africains où la dette extérieure est un piège dans lequel ils tombent sans savoir où se trouve le fond et quel effet boule de neige pourrait plus tard faire en sorte que cette dette ne produise aucun rendement ou ajout. valeur pour les caisses de l’État. Un tel manque de revenus et une telle concrétisation des projets dans les délais et dans un bon rapport coût-efficacité ont rendu la situation financière de nombreux pays africains vulnérable à toutes sortes de manipulations et à l’acceptation d’un contrôle et de conditionnalités supplémentaires de la part des créanciers internationaux et de leurs liens dans d’autres secteurs économiques et commerciaux. et les entreprises.
Cet article met en lumière les efforts déployés par la Zambie pour échapper au piège de la dette qui est devenu un « Typhon », étouffant lentement tout mouvement du pays vers l’acquisition d’une infrastructure qui aidera l’économie à sortir de ses conditions d’existence enclavées et de la caractéristique d’enclave de l’économie. est encore visible. Depuis l’établissement de la domination coloniale, l’économie zambienne est largement centrée sur l’extraction de minéraux, en particulier de cuivre, de cobalt et de sous-produits associés. Les organisations financières internationales telles que la Banque Mondiale, le FMI, la Société Financière Internationale et la Banque Centrale Européenne encouragent le développement du secteur privé et l’attraction des investissements directs étrangers notamment en construisant des infrastructures logistiques adéquates et modernes qui ouvrent des horizons à travers d’autres pays pour atteindre des espaces plus éloignés et répondre à des demandes lointaines pour les biens produits localement.
Malheureusement, cela ressemble à une éruption effervescente trop optimiste et à une distribution de chiffres élevés comme taux de croissance pour les économies africaines qui ont été orchestrées par la Banque mondiale, le FMI, la SFI et la Banque centrale européenne et leurs filiales et courtisanes telles que Think Tank. , Centres de Recherche, sociétés d’investissement et financiers qui ont dressé en 2010 un tableau très rose de l’Afrique.
Leur fausse interprétation du développement idyllique de l’Afrique a directement contribué aux difficultés et aux distorsions univoques de la santé et des conditions économiques des pays africains. Ces intrigues sophistiquées ont abouti à l’endettement élevé de nombreux pays africains qui sont en fait au point de faire défaut ou de recevoir des fonds supplémentaires pour remédier à leur plongée dans de nouveaux problèmes financiers, déséquilibres économiques et troubles sociaux. De nombreux coups d’État en Afrique sont le résultat d’une telle combinaison de facteurs financiers et de spoliation économique provenant tous d’un impact extérieur.
En effet, une étude de la Banque mondiale publiée en novembre 2010 suggère que la moitié des 5 pour cent de croissance dont l’Afrique a bénéficié entre 2003 et 2008 était due à l’amélioration des infrastructures, principalement des télécommunications. Dans le même temps, le Fonds monétaire international estime que la croissance en Afrique subsaharienne sera supérieure d’un point de pourcentage à la moyenne mondiale et place huit pays africains parmi les 20 économies les plus dynamiques en 2010. L’Angola et la République du Congo, riches en pétrole, sont en tête avec des taux de croissance de plus de 9 et 12 pour cent respectivement, tous deux battant la Chine, selon les projections les plus récentes du FMI [ Source : Rapport spécial Davos : L’Afrique en hausse ].
Ces financiers de niveau mondial lançaient à gauche et à droite des chiffres trop optimistes sur le taux de croissance de ces pays qui les avaient présentés comme le nouvel eldorado du flux et du recyclage des dollars en prêts sans même considérer l’existence du paiement du service. Les pays africains endettés sont devenus faciles à pénétrer par des intérêts étrangers et des biens étrangers. Dans le même temps, les pays africains, au lieu d’investir dans leurs exportations, ont également été obligés de diversifier leur externalisation des capitaux et d’en utiliser une partie pour payer le service de la dette et financer leur propre sécurité et solvabilité.
Aujourd’hui, nous assistons à la même approche et au même discours consistant à lancer des prévisions sans même regarder les schémas historiques de changements ou les variations saisonnières du taux de croissance, du taux d’inflation et du taux de conversion des monnaies pour les économies africaines et ceci simplement pour faire référence aux facteurs et indicateurs les plus ambivalents.
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Ph.D. ★ Strategic Catalyst Driving U.S.A-Africa and Morocco Investment, Trade, and Business Development ★ Policy Adviser in International Affairs ★ Accomplished Public Speaker ★ Distinguished News Editor ★
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Behind these sectors, you have every aspect of industrial productivity and supply chain management that is feeding all sectors from the automotive to the apparel industry and what is between the two: every single aspect of the robotic, logistic, and other directly related computerized systems of operation and production if not organizing the flow between all these sectors.
Touching upon a critical aspect of the tech industry, particularly in the United States. The U.S. government recognizes the importance of semiconductor supply chains. The CHIPS for America investments aim to strengthen these chains and enhance resilience.
The pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in the supply chain, emphasizing the need for strategic investments. The Biden administration contemplates a Huawei-caliber ban on China’s access to technology that fuels its supercomputing, data center, and AI industrialization. The sweeping export ban will include all global companies that procure US technology, software, or equipment in their semiconductors.
Tech War – US-China Proxy Tech Conflict
More US semiconductor restrictions loom for China. The United States government is expected to impose more semiconductor restrictions on China, after banning Nvidia and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) from selling advanced chips used for artificial intelligence and high-performance computing work to the world’s second-largest economy.
More US semiconductor restrictions loom for China
The United States government is expected to impose more semiconductor restrictions on China, after banning Nvidia and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) from selling advanced chips used for artificial intelligence and high-performance computing work to the world’s second-largest economy.
“We believe the next risky areas are autonomous driving chips from Nvidia, Intel-owned Mobileye, and Qualcomm,” the Jefferies report said. It indicated that chips used for self-driving vehicles could arguably be used for military applications.
“Worst of all, high-end CPUs from Intel and AMD [could follow],” the report said. It pointed out that high-end central processing units based on 7-nanometre or 5-nm semiconductor manufacturing processes “are key to a wide range of applications”, including cloud computing servers, 5G base stations, personal computers, and high-end military equipment.
“The worst-case scenario is for the US to subject all Chinese companies to the Direct Product Rule, which means no [semiconductor] foundries would be allowed to supply Chinese integrated circuit design firms, including Chinese foundries,” the report said.
“We are not there yet, and the US will likely evaluate the effectiveness of each incremental step before more drastic action is considered.”
The potential actions that the US could initiate reflect the urgency faced by China in safeguarding its hi-tech industries, especially its semiconductor sector.
The latest chip restrictions follow US export controls on technologies for the production of advanced semiconductors and gas turbine engines announced last month by the Bureau of Industry and Security, an agency under the US Department of Commerce.
The US tech export controls escalated Washington’s efforts to boost America’s hi-tech advantage over China after US President Joe Biden signed into law the Chips and Science Act that earmarks nearly US$53 billion in incentives for semiconductor manufacturing on US soil.
In July, Washington intensified its push to form the so-called Chip 4 Alliance – a partnership that includes South Korea, Taiwan, and Japan.
Beijing considers that alliance as a plot by the US government to exclude China from global semiconductor supply chains.
Meanwhile, the Chinese government’s likely response to the Nvidia and AMD bans is to accelerate the adoption of local products as substitutes, according to Jefferies analysts. They also expected the affected companies, which include internet firms and communications service providers, to use multiple lower-end Nvidia graphics processing units, which are not banned, to somehow replicate the processing power of the now-restricted chips. Large semiconductor supply chain projects, including materials and manufacturing equipment facilities, are being funded with capital investments exceeding $300 million along with Smaller projects are also part of the plan to bolster the industry
Department of Commerce Announces Strategic Vision and Application Process for Semiconductor Supply Chain Projects, Nearly 400 Companies Interested in CHIPS Incentives
“Today, the U.S. Department of Commerce shared the Biden-Harris Administration’s strategic vision to strengthen the semiconductor supply chain through CHIPS for America investments. To advance this vision, the Department announced a funding opportunity and application process for large semiconductor supply chain projects and will release later in the fall a separate process for smaller projects. Large semiconductor supply chain projects include materials and manufacturing equipment facility projects with capital investments equal to or exceeding $300 million, and smaller projects are below that threshold.” 1.
The goal is to advance U.S. technology leadership by incentivizing major U.S. manufacturing equipment and materials suppliers by encouraging these suppliers to increase their presence within the United States. In parallel, the U.S. Government seeks also to attract non-U.S. suppliers of advanced equipment, materials, and subsystems to establish large-scale footprints here contributes to leadership. 1. This strategy of integration aims to create clusters for Each CHIPS-funded production to be backed by an ecosystem of reliable suppliers. Such clustering within the United States will also stimulate innovation, economic growth, and job creation while allowing the United States to acquire and build robust support for these fab clusters, the U.S. aims to maintain its competitive edge in the global tech landscape1.
On Monday, August 5, 2024, U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo convened a roundtable discussion with investors to discuss non-market actions from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) that threaten to distort the market for mature node (or “legacy”) semiconductors. Secretary Raimondo emphasized her concern that over the past few years, the U.S. has seen signs of concerning practices from the PRC to overproduce legacy chips and prevent U.S. companies, and those in like-minded countries, from competing on a level playing field. The Secretary underscored that securing the semiconductor supply chain is an economic and national security priority and reiterated the actions that the Department of Commerce—and the whole federal government—are taking. Those actions include imposing targeted tariffs on semiconductors imported from the PRC, an industrial base survey of the U.S. semiconductor supply chain, joint efforts with international partners, and restrictions on the use of PRC semiconductors in U.S. government procurement. Investors discussed how companies are thinking about oversupply and overconcentration risk, and how additional U.S. government actions could most effectively support resilient semiconductor supply chains. Source
The collaboration between government, industry, and research institutions is pivotal for sustained growth and technological advancement. This extends beyond semiconductors to impact various sectors, from automotive to apparel, and everything in between. 23.
The US currently leads in the global semiconductor industry, but China is making progress and the competition is impacting the world economy. The US dominates the value chain by 39%, while China controls 7% of the global chip market.
However, China is building more semiconductor plants than any other country and is working on domestic alternatives to advanced silicon.
China Is Losing the Chip War– Propaganda or Misinformation?
Jun 6, 2024 — In semiconductors, however, China still lags. American companies command half o…
The escalating chip war between China and the West – GIS Reports
Apr 29, 2024 — Industry experts believe that China has the technical know-how to produce adva…
Some say that China will continue to make progress but fall further behind as Western firms race ahead. Others say that China is years behind or on the verge of catching up. The conflict is likely to leave its mark on the world economy, and the IMF urges its resolution.
Chip Technology Spending Gets $81 Billion Boost in China Rivalry
May 12, 2024 — China’s Building Boom … and Broadcom Inc. lead the world in the design of chips …
Tech titans clash: Inside the US-China battle for chip market …
May 9, 2024 — This clash between the two great powers will undoubtedly leave its mark on the …
Here’s a breakdown of the competition:
TechnologyThe US leads in frontier technology, with Nvidia’s AI chip being 16 times faster than Huawei’s. However, some say China is at the forefront of carbon and photonic chip technology, where the US is behind.
ProductionThe US has a 10% global share of production, but China is building more semiconductor plants than any other country. Some say China cannot scale up production of advanced chips.
RegulationsIn 2022, the US banned the export of advanced chips and the equipment used to make them to China.
GoalsChina aims to become a technology powerhouse and reduce its dependence on foreign technology. The US aims to boost domestic chip production with the CHIPS and Science Act, which allocates $52.7 billion over five years.
Economic impactThe IMF estimates that eliminating high-tech trade between the US and China could cost the global economy $1 trillion annually.
Ranking of the Most Attractive Economies in Africa: 2024-2025
Africa is eager to host and conduct trade international investment and Business with the rest of the world. TRI CK USA allows companies from around the globe to gain insight into how to enter or expand and build lasting and mutually beneficial relations with Africans and African countries.
TRI CK USA SUPPORT AND SERVICES ON AFRICA
Workshops and training on doing business in Africa Provision of industry/country guides Support for trade delegations and trade fairs Technical assistance and advocacy with the host government Promotion of country brand
TRI CK USA – AFRICA and Investment Clusters in Africa
Africa Facing Global Tech Investors: Financial technology is ripe for U.S. investment. Within Africa, there are over 180 million active mobile money accounts—over 50% of the global total—with five times the growth relative to all other regions.… Read more
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Our Services: – Workshops and training – Provision of industry/country guides. – Support for trade delegations and trade fairs. – Assistance/advocacy in the host government. Promotion of country brand
Consulting Services
Our consulting services are administered by the most experienced and successful business owners, entrepreneurs, investors, managers, local, and continental experts, advisors, and more.
Information Communications Technology in Africa
Between 2016 and 2021, Internet access and adoption of technology in Western and Central Africa witnessed a noticeable increase in the number of internet users, from 23 to 47 percent, while the percentage of people using the internet in Eastern and Southern Africa increased from 16 to 27 percent. In 2018, there were over 456 million unique mobile subscribers in Sub-Saharan Africa (about 44% of the region’s population, up from 20% in 2015). And as internet connectivity increases, so will the demand for services in sectors like e-commerce, education, financial technology, digital health, entertainment, cybersecurity, and data analytics.
TRI CK USA – AFRICA
Markets in West and Central Africa vary in size, and this fragmentation makes it hard for large companies to identify business opportunities, accurately assess their risk, and tailor a pitch. While these markets represent a sizable opportunity in the aggregate, trying to approach them that way—with a one-size-fits-all offer—usually falls flat.
Market Analysis and Entry Strategy
Information and analysis relevant to establishing business activities across Africa including strategic strengths, investment incentives, business costs, and relocation. Consultation and advisory services on effective market entry strategies in Africa with opportunity analysis.
African Diaspora Has Potential to be at the Forefront of African Success Stories.
Members of the Diaspora with our Support and Guidance Will be Vectors and Gears of Developmental Changes by Providing African Countries with the Right Leverages to Contribute to the Eradication of Poverty and Reduction of Unemployment.
With the advice and Mentorships Offered by TRI CK USAFRICA, Members of the African Diaspora Will Not Be Just a Source of Remittances But Also the Creators, the Stimulators, and the Transfer of New Know-How and Knowledge Base that Enable the Implementation of Adaptable Solutions to the Challenges Faced by African Diverse Communities.
We are part of the African Diaspora and know what it takes to connect to African Business Cultures and Validate the African Business Environment.
The African Diaspora is already credited with having a major positive impact on African economies. That reputation to date has been earned not through trade but through personal remittances, which often exceed total development assistance to many countries. Remittances to Cameroon, for example, grew from $115 million annually in 2010 to $355 million in 2019, or from 0.4% to 0.9% of the country’s GDP. Larger and higher-income economies, such as Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal, receive far greater sums through remittances.
It would be best if you had guidance for your entrepreneurial drive and objective in Africa, send us an email to: support@triconsultingkyoto.com African Diaspora Has Potential to be at the Forefront of African Success Stories.
Members of the Diaspora with our Support and Guidance Will be Vectors and Gears of Developmental Changes by Providing African Countries with the Right Leverages to Contribute to the Eradication of Poverty and Reduction of Unemployment.
With the advice and Mentorships Offered by TRI CK USAFRICA, Members of the African Diaspora Will Not Be Just a Source of Remittances But Also the Creators, the Stimulators, and the Transfer of New Know-How and Knowledge Base that Enable the Implementation of Adaptable Solutions to the Challenges Faced by African Diverse Communities.
We are part of the African Diaspora and know what it takes to connect to African Business Cultures and Validate the African Business Environment.
The African Diaspora is already credited with having a major positive impact on African economies. That reputation to date has been earned not through trade but through personal remittances, which often exceed total development assistance to many countries. Remittances to Cameroon, for example, grew from $115 million annually in 2010 to $355 million in 2019, or from 0.4% to 0.9% of the country’s GDP. Larger and higher-income economies, such as Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal, receive far greater sums through remittances.
It would help if you had guidance for your entrepreneurial drive and objective in Africa, send us an email at: support@triconsultingkyoto.com – Please fill out this form to enable us to establish direct communication with you, in the name of Africa, take you for your consideration.
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Research, Analysis and Publications on Africa
Moroccan, de Doukkala, born in Fortaleza Mazagão Named also known in the past as Mazagan and presently called El Jadida. Native African too and here just the tip-top of Kilimanjaro of East Africa and Toubkal in the Atlas Mountain Chain, I have more plains, prairies, rivers, oceans, and deserts that I crossed with my African mind and works, here are just a few of the spaces I can use here
by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – May 31, 2024 ★ Said Cherkaoui Ph.D. ★ Strategic Catalyst Driving U.S.A-Africa and Morocco Investment, Trade, and Business Development ★ Policy Adviser in International Affairs ★ Accomplished Public Speaker ★ Distinguished News Editor ★ Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui’s Work on Africa Dr. Cherkaoui’s holistic approach to Africa’s development underscores the interconnectedness of economic, social, and cultural factors. … Continue reading International Conference on Africa and AGOA
Publications of Said El Mansour Cherkaoui on Mexico and the Integration of North American Market
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was signed into law by the U.S. President Bill Clinton, reducing barriers to trade and investment between the United States, Mexico, and Canada.
L’Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALÉNA) -Célébration de 30 ans de Considération pour le Mexique – Rencontre avec Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas a Berkeley en Californie, a Paris en France et a Mexico City au Mexique.
Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano – Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Celebración de 30 años de interés en México, En la víspera de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Estados Unidos, Canadá y México. Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) – Celebrando 30 Años de Consideración por México – Reunión con Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas en Berkeley, California, París, Francia y Ciudad de México, México.
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) – Celebrating 30 Years of Consideration for Mexico – Meeting with Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas in Berkeley, California, Paris, France and Mexico City, Mexico.… Continue reading
Research on NAFTA conducted in Mexico and Published by Golden Gate University, San Francisco, California where Dr. Cherkaoui was Adjunct Associate Professor from 1987 to 2001
Canada, the United States and Mexico signed a new North American trade agreement to replace NAFTA on November 30, 2018. The CUSMA (or USMCA in the U.S.) came into force in Canada in July 2020. This new agreement goes by a different name in each of the three countries that signed it. While known as CUSMA in Canada, it is called the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, or USMCA, south of the border. In Mexico, people call it T-MEC, reflecting the Spanish name of the treaty.
Many think of CUSMA as NAFTA 2.0—and with good reason. CUSMA and NAFTA are very similar agreements in terms of general concepts. CUSMA continues the work of NAFTA and was negotiated using NAFTA as a baseline. That said, the two agreements do differ in significant ways. It is not for nothing that CUSMA runs to 1500 pages—more than double NAFTA’s page count of 741.
Since July 1, 2020, NAFTA has been replaced by a new free trade agreement CUSMA. As an importer, exporter and manufacturer, for your shipments which will be customs cleared on or after July 1, 2020, you are no longer be able to claim the NAFTA preferential treatment in Canada, the United States or Mexico. From this date on, for products “originating” in North America, you will have to claim a preferential treatment under the new CUSMA treaty.
AS OF JULY 1, customs authorities (e.g. CBSA and U.S. CBP) will not accept a NAFTA Certificate of Origin to claim the CUSMA “duty-free” treatment. For your 2020 blanket certificates of origin, prepared according to NAFTA, these will apply up to June 30, 2020, only. Effective July 1, the product must be certified as an “originating” good per a CUSMA Certification of Origin.
Unlike NAFTA, the new agreement does not call for a prescribed form. Instead, CUSMA requires a Certification of Origin, which can be included on a commercial invoice or a separate document, insofar as this new Certification contains all the mandatory minimum data elements set out in Chapter 5 / Annex 5-A of CUSMA.
Previous sample of the trilaterally agreed upon form used by Canada, Mexico, and the United States to certify that goods qualify for the preferential tariff treatment accorded by CUSMA. The Certificate of Origin must be completed by the exporter.
To allow W2C to apply the “duty-free” treatment under CUSMA to your products that will be customs cleared on or after July 1, W2C must be in possession of a valid CUSMA Certification of Origin, included either on the commercial invoice, Canada Customs Invoice or Proforma Invoice; or included on a CUSMA Certificate of Origin template of any format that contains all of the prescribed minimum data elements.
W2C has developed a CUSMA Certification of Origin template which you can access via the “Resources” tab available on our website: https://w2c.ca/en/resources/.
Also be advised that the “Rules of Origin” (NAFTA vs. CUSMA) for several products (HS Codes), have changed. Before goods produced in Canada, the United States or Mexico can be certified on a Certification of Origin, they must qualify as an “originating” product under the “Rules of Origin” of the new CUSMA agreement. A product previously certified under NAFTA is not valid if imported/exported on or after July 1. Such a product must be re-qualified and re-certified under the new CUSMA rules.
PM Justin Trudeau of Canada acted so meek and mild during our @G7 meetings only to give a news conference after I left saying that, “US Tariffs were kind of insulting” and he “will not be pushed around.” Very dishonest & weak. Our Tariffs are in response to his of 270% on dairy! –
NAFTA – Chapter One: Objectives PART ONE: GENERAL PART
Article 101 : Establishment of the Free Trade Area Article 102 : Objectives Article 103 : Relation to Other Agreements Article 104 : Relation to Environmental and Conservation Agreements Article 105 : Extent of Obligations Annex 104.1 : Bilateral and Other Environmental and Conservation Agreements
Article 101: Establishment of the Free Trade Area
The Parties to this Agreement, consistent with Article XXIV of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , hereby establish a free trade area.
Article 102: Objectives
1. The objectives of this Agreement, as elaborated more specifically through its principles and rules, including national treatment, most-favored-nation treatment and transparency, are to:
a) eliminate barriers to trade in, and facilitate the cross-border movement of, goods and services between the territories of the Parties;
b) promote conditions of fair competition in the free trade area;
c) increase substantially investment opportunities in the territories of the Parties;
d) provide adequate and effective protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights in each Party’s territory;
e) create effective procedures for the implementation and application of this Agreement, for its joint administration and for the resolution of disputes; and
f) establish a framework for further trilateral, regional and multilateral cooperation to expand and enhance the benefits of this Agreement.
2. The Parties shall interpret and apply the provisions of this Agreement in the light of its objectives set out in paragraph 1 and in accordance with applicable rules of international law.
Article 103: Relation to Other Agreements
1. The Parties affirm their existing rights and obligations with respect to each other under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and other agreements to which such Parties are party.
2. In the event of any inconsistency between this Agreement and such other agreements, this Agreement shall prevail to the extent of the inconsistency, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement.
Article 104: Relation to Environmental and Conservation Agreements
1. In the event of any inconsistency between this Agreement and the specific trade obligations set out in:
a) the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora , done at Washington, March 3, 1973, as amended June 22, 1979,
b) the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer , done at Montreal, September 16, 1987, as amended June 29, 1990,
c) the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal , done at Basel, March 22, 1989, on its entry into force for Canada, Mexico and the United States, or
d) the agreements set out in Annex 104.
1, such obligations shall prevail to the extent of the inconsistency, provided that where a Party has a choice among equally effective and reasonably available means of complying with such obligations, the Party chooses the alternative that is the least inconsistent with the other provisions of this Agreement.
2. The Parties may agree in writing to modify Annex 104.1 to include any amendment to an agreement referred to in paragraph 1, and any other environmental or conservation agreement.
Article 105: Extent of Obligations
The Parties shall ensure that all necessary measures are taken in order to give effect to the provisions of this Agreement, including their observance, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, by state and provincial governments.
Annex 104.
1 Bilateral and Other Environmental and Conservation Agreements
1. The Agreement Between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America Concerning the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste , signed at Ottawa, October 28, 1986.
2. The Agreement Between the United States of America and the United Mexican States on Cooperation for the Protection and Improvement of the Environment in the Border Area ,
signed at La Paz, Baja California Sur, August 14, 1983.
These agreements electronically are a public service for general reference. Every effort has been made to ensure that the text presented is complete and accurate. However, copies needed for legal purposes should be obtained from official archives maintained by the appropriate agency.
Editor: Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, Ph.D. The Morocco Free Trade Agreement (MAFTA) went into effect on January 1, 2006. Under the agreement, most Moroccan goods enter the United States duty free and virtually all will enter free by the time it is fully implemented on January 1, 2023. The Morocco FTA does NOT provide a merchandise processing fee (MPF) exemption. Aug 13, 2019 Morocco and United States … Continue reading
L’Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALÉNA) -Rencontre avec Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 8/29/2015 – to this date of 5/8/2022 Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano – Said El Mansour Cherkaoui [Spanish – English – French] Celebración de 32 años de Said El Mansour Cherkaoui interés en México En la víspera de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Estados Unidos, Canadá y México, fui a México, donde continué mi conversación … Continue reading
NAFTA at 20: One Million U.S. Jobs Lost, Higher Income Inequality By Lori Wallach My New Year’s celebrations this year were haunted by memories of January 1, 1994 — the day that the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect. I remember crying that day, thinking about the proud men and women in union halls across America, the Mexican campesinos and the inspiring Canadian activists I … Continue reading
NAFTA Overview and Its Effect on Undocumented Immigration NAFTA stands for the North American Free Trade Agreement and it is a Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA) between the United States, Mexico, and Canada. A PTA is an agreement between a group of countries to levy low or zero tariffs against imports from members. NAFTA took effect in January of 1994, and at the time, it was … Continue reading
President Trump said the United States and Mexico would be entering into a new trade deal called the United States-Mexico trade agreement, and that he wanted to get rid of the name of the 24-year-old North American Free Trade Agreement, a crucial step toward revamping a trade pact that has appeared on the brink of collapse during the past year of negotiations. Mr. Trump has … Continue reading
CROSS THE BORDER WITH TACO BELL NO CROSSING THE WALL WITH SMART DETECTORS Climbing the Wall and the Van of the Migra: Border US-Mexico The issue of immigration was not tackled, reduced or resolved neither with the Bracero Program, the Maquiladoras, the opening of the Mexican Economy and its complete liberalization and privatization, and the…Lire la Suite →
The North American Free Trade Agreement created a preferential tariff area among the United States, Canada, and Mexico beginning on January 1, 1994. However, the drive for regional economic cooperation had begun as early as 1851 with bilateral free trade negotiations between the United States and Canada. A free trade area involving the United States…Lire la Suite →
Why the big push for NAFTA if the promised gains were so modest and uncertain? Some of the explanation centers on the indirect benefits the United States could expect to derive from the Mexican prosperity predicted to result from its recent liberalization–if NAFTA could make it permanent. Even if NAFTA created no net trade increases…Lire la Suite →
L’Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALÉNA) -Rencontre avec Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 8/29/2015 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano – Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Celebración de 25 años de interés en MéxicoCelebration of 25 years of Interest in Mexico Célébration de 25 ans de Considération pour le Mexique Spanish – English – French En la víspera de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Estados Unidos, Canadá y México, fui … Continue reading
NAFTA Overview and Its Effect on Undocumented Immigration NAFTA stands for the North American Free Trade Agreement and it is a Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA) between the United States, Mexico, and Canada. A PTA is an agreement between a group of countries to levy low or zero tariffs against imports from members. NAFTA took effect in January of 1994, and at the time, it was ★ “NAFTA and Labor” Posted April 23, 2020… Continue reading
NAFTA at 20: One Million U.S. Jobs Lost, Higher Income Inequality By Lori Wallach My New Year’s celebrations this year were haunted by memories of January 1, 1994 — the day that the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect. I remember crying that day, thinking about the proud men and women in union halls across America, the Mexican campesinos and the inspiring Canadian activists ★ “NAFTA Twenty Years Later” Posted by I … Continue reading
Read more: Trump Sours Flagging NAFTA Talks With Steel Trade War Threats | Newsmax.com POLITICAL WILL Officials say a handful of less contentious NAFTA chapters could still be concluded during the latest round of talks, and three people at the talks said the technical teams remained focused on their tasks, despite the uncertainty the steel tariff ★ Posted April 23, 2020 ★ Continue reading “Trump and NAFTA: Path of Negotiation and Reinvention”
President Trump said the United States and Mexico would be entering into a new trade deal called the United States-Mexico trade agreement, and that he wanted to get rid of the name of the 24-year-old North American Free Trade Agreement, a crucial step toward revamping a trade pact that has appeared on the brink of ★ Posted April 23, 2020 ★ Continue reading “NAFTA: U.S. and Mexico Preliminary Deal”
CROSS THE BORDER WITH TACO BELL NO CROSSING THE WALL WITH SMART DETECTORS Climbing the Wall and the Van of the Migra: Border US-Mexico The issue of immigration was not tackled, reduced or resolved neither with the Bracero Program, the Maquiladoras, the opening of the Mexican Economy and its complete liberalization and privatization, and the ★ Continue reading “Immigration and North American Market” ★ Posted July 14, 2020
Collision of Immigration and Trade: North America Versus Central America Trump putting 5% tariff on Mexican imports By The Associated Press | Posted: Thu 7:53 PM, May 30, 2019 | Updated: Thu 8:08 PM, May 30, 2019 WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump says he is slapping a 5% tariff on all Mexican imports to pressure the country to do more to ★ Posted April 23, 2020 ★ Continue reading “Migration and Trade in North America: Trump Vision”
The North American Free Trade Agreement created a preferential tariff area among the United States, Canada, and Mexico beginning on January 1, 1994. However, the drive for regional economic cooperation had begun as early as 1851 with bilateral free trade negotiations between the United States and Canada. A free trade area involving the United States and all of Latin America was advocated by U.S. secretary ★ “North American Free Trade Agreement” ★ Posted April 23, 2020… Continue reading
Cuauhtémoc Cardenas el hombre que institucionalizó a la izquierda About the Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano Hijo de Lázaro Cárdenas del Río, nació en 1934, en la Ciudad de México. Es ingeniero civil por la UNAM con estudios en Francia, Alemania e Italia. Entre 1961 y 1964 dirigió el Movimiento de Liberación Nacional. Fue miembro del PRI ★Continue reading “Mexico – City 1990 ★ Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas and Said El Mansour Cherkaoui” ★ Posted
Why the big push for NAFTA if the promised gains were so modest and uncertain? Some of the explanation centers on the indirect benefits the United States could expect to derive from the Mexican prosperity predicted to result from its recent liberalization–if NAFTA could make it permanent. Even if NAFTA created no net trade increases ★ “US-Mexico-Canada Agreement” ★Posted July 2, 2019… Continue reading→
The North American Free Trade Agreement created a preferential tariff area among the United States, Canada, and Mexico beginning on January 1, 1994. However, the drive for regional economic cooperation had begun as early as 1851 with bilateral free trade negotiations between the United States and Canada. A free trade area involving the United States…Lire la Suite →
L’Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALÉNA) -Rencontre avec Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 8/29/2015 – to this date of 5/8/2022 Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano – Said El Mansour Cherkaoui [Spanish – English – French] Celebración de 32 años de Said El Mansour Cherkaoui interés en México En la víspera de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Estados Unidos, Canadá y México, fui a México, donde continué mi conversación … Continue reading
Mexico City: August 1990 – Oakland – June 1992 – Paris, France – California: 8/29/2015 – to this date of 5/8/2022 Initial Research and Publication on Regional Market Integration Case – Studies of the European Economic Community and the North American Free Trade Agreement Mexico – US – Canada L’Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALÉNA) -Rencontre…Continue Reading →
★ Canada ★ United States ★ Mexico ★ Agreement Trump signs USMCA, ‘ending the NAFTA nightmare’ Since July 1, 2020, NAFTA has been replaced by a new free trade agreement CUSMA. As an importer, exporter and manufacturer, for your shipments which will be customs cleared on or after July 1, 2020, you are no longer…Continue Reading →
Said El Mansour Cherkaoui and Latin America
MY MEMTOR: DR. CELSO FURTADO
Work and Research by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui on Latin America
ECONOMIE POLITIQUE DU SUBCAPITALISME EN AMERIQUE LATINE (1830-1930) : ARGENTINE – BRESIL – CHILI – PEROU.
Doctoral thesis CHERKAOUI Said El Mansour
Réf ANRT : 13965
ECONOMIE POLITIQUE DU SUBCAPITALISME EN AMERIQUE LATINE (1830-1930) : ARGENTINE – BRESIL – CHILI – PEROU.
Identifiant BU : 92PA030099 – 403 pages – Disponible au format microfiche – Contact us
★ The United States and Brazil signed three agreements Monday October 19, 2020, they said would expand and deepen their existing trade deal, the latest bonding moment under Presidents Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro. The new protocol adds chapters on facilitating trade, regulatory practices and anti-corruption measures. BRASILIA – Export-Import Bank of the United States (EXIM) President and Chairman Kimberly A. Reed today signed a … Continue reading
Brazil reintroduces a tax on US ethanol imports. A setback for Donald Trump, who would like to sign up for a second term … Brasilia restored a 20% tariff on US ethanol imports. Washington authorities administration, have put a lot of pressure to maintain a favorable exemption for the US ethanol given the importance this American industry has gained politically and economically. Brazil exempts up … Continue reading
الترجمة العربية الدكتور سعيد الشرقاوي المنصور تخرجت من معهد الدراسات المتقدمة في أمريكا اللاتينية وجامعة السوربون ومعهد للبحوث الاقتصادية والتخطيط والعلوم معهد بو للجامعة من غرونوبل. الدكتور الشرقاوي هو أول مغربي قد اتبعت هذا القطاع والانتماء مع CNRS من خلال التخصص الدكتوراه الموازي في مجال البحوث والبحوث رقة نشرت في أمريكا اللاتينية. هذا اللقاء التاريخي…Lire la Suite →
Three Heads of State Falling out of Grace in Brazil Global Center for Trade – GLOCENTRA – المركز العالمي للتجارة – Centre Global pour le Commerce Centro Global de Comercio Brazil’s former President Michel Temer was arrested on Thursday [March 19, 2019] in “Operation Radioactivity,” a probe of alleged graft in the construction of a…Lire la Suite →
Political Corruption and Samba Festival in the Alvorada Palace = Petrobras pays corruption settlement Brazilian state-run oil giant Petrobras has agreed to pay $853.2 million over one of the largest corruption scandals to ever hit Brazil. The settlement will be split between American and Brazilian authorities, both of which investigated the scandal uncovered in 2014 and…Lire la Suite →
Brazil’s Petrobras to Pay $853.2 Million in penalties September 27, 2018, This morning the DOJ and SEC announced that Petrobras, a Brazilian state-owned and state-controlled energy company, entered into agreements with U.S. and Brazilian authorities “in connection with Petrobras’s role in facilitating payments to politicians and political parties in Brazil, as well as a related Brazilian investigation.”After…Lire la Suite →
June 4, 2020, · Argentina economic crisis that has left a third of its population in poverty Centre-left opposition candidate Alberto Fernández has been elected president of Argentina in a vote dominated by economic concerns. Mr Fernández secured more than the 45% of the vote needed to win, beating conservative incumbent Mauricio Macri. Raucous crowds gathered at Mr Fernández’s election headquarters to celebrate the result. The vote was … Continue reading
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Latin America face major organizational challenges from globalization and shifting corporate paradigms. In a world of change, businesses frequently try to seize new export opportunities, compete with imports in liberalized markets, partner with large multinational firms or attract outside investors or buyers. In such an environment, companies with traditional personalized organizational hierarchies tied to a single owner … Continue reading
Una vez más después del Premio Noble en tiempo real y esta vez como maravilla del mundo virtual, el mismo Hombre de la Izquierda es celebrado por la derecha: Google honró al activista y Premio Nobel Gabriel García Márquez, en lo que hubiera sido su 91º cumpleaños , con un Doodle. Márquez es ampliamente conocido…Lire la Suite →
Le secteur informel du Pérou, du Brésil, de la Colombie comme au Mexique pour ne citer que les plus en vue, s’était érigé comme une alternative a l’inertie bureaucratique des Etats gouvernés a l’époque par des juntes militaires ou des -bureaucrates-technocratiques dont l’essentiel de la politique était de lutter contre ce qu’ils considéraient la subversion militante des syndicats et des partis représentants les travailleurs et les paysans pauvres.…Lire la Suite →
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Plagiarism, copyright, and other forms of industrial, research, and intellectual property are the next challenges.
Trademarks and intellectual property need to be redefined and refocused.
The notion of knowledge and job qualifications has also to be reinterrogated and reevaluated within every sector and every production.
The robotic side will have to be adapted to all these forms of definitions, including design, research, and development.
Competition,cookie-cutting, copycatting, and imitation will have to be reformulated as well as the reverse engineering procedures and processes.
Law schools will have to form new Artificially Intelligent competent Lawyers and Prosecutors as well as Judges.
One of these regulations is the consumption of electricity and the impact on the environment resulting from the multiplication of Data Centers.
“While some of the most advanced, “hyperscale” data centers, like those maintained by Google, Facebook, and Amazon, have pledged to transition their sites to carbon-neutral via carbon offsetting and investment in renewable energy infrastructures like wind and solar, many of the smaller-scale data centers that I observed lack the resources and capital to pursue similar sustainability initiatives. Smaller-scale, traditional data centers have often been set up within older buildings that are not optimized for ever-changing power, cooling, and data storage capacity needs. Since the emergence of hyperscale facilities, many companies, universities, and others who operate their own small-scale data centers have begun to transfer their data to hyperscalers or cloud colocation facilities, citing energy cost reductions.
The Cloud now has a greater carbon footprint than the airline industry. A single data center can consume the equivalent electricity of 50,000 homes.
According to a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory report, if the entire Cloud shifted to hyperscale facilities, energy usage might drop as much as 25 percent. Without any regulatory body or agency to incentivize or enforce such a shift in our infrastructural configuration, there are other solutions that have been proposed to curb the Cloud’s carbon problem. Some have proposed relocating data centers to Nordic countries like Iceland or Sweden, in a bid to utilize ambient, cool air to minimize carbon footprint, a technique called “free cooling.” However, network signal latency issues make this dream of a haven for green data centers largely untenable to meet the computing and data storage demands of the wider world.”Source: The staggering ecological impacts of computation and the cloud
Oracle and Amazon Coming to Morocco and Africa: New Silicon Muslimetropolis in Morocco
These imbrications of the Data Centers as participants in the deficiencies of climate change have forced many providers to seek other skies and localisations in more welcoming regions in the United States and countries around the world such as Amazon and Oracle signing and moving new Data Centers to Morocco.
Oracle intends to increase its Moroccan Research & Development workforce to 1,000 information technology specialists. Oracle‘s expansion follows the inauguration of its Moroccan Development Center at Casanearshore / Technopolis Parks in Casablanca, where researchers leverage cloud, AI, and machine learning technologies to address the most pressing challenges in the fields of business, science, and the public sector.
Oracle and Amazon Coming to Morocco and Africa: New Silicon Muslimetropolis in Morocco
“Oracle’s R&D center in Casablanca has already played a critical role in driving technical advances, improving cybersecurity, and developing new AI capabilities, [” “] By strengthening our R&D presence in Morocco, we will be able to leverage its vast talent pool to accelerate the development of solutions that will help our clients around the world grow their businesses and achieve success in their sectors,» said Safra Ada Catz, the CEO of Oracle Corporation.
Ms. Ghita Mezzour, PhD. added: “This ambitious project is aligned with the Royal Strategic Vision of His Majesty King Mohammed VI, which encourages the innovation and creativity of young Moroccans.”
It is estimated that 40% of new positions will be located outside the Greater Casablanca and Rabat-Salé-Kenitra regions, by opening new offices in Agadir this year, and in northern Morocco within the next two years.
In this center of excellence, young Moroccans will be at the forefront of the design and development of innovative solutions using the latest technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud, and cybersecurity. These solutions will be deployed on a global scale, thus strengthening Morocco’s positioning as a digital hub for the entire region.
In the same horizon, sky, and cloud line, Amazon Web Services (AWS) is getting into the fold of the Moroccan and North Sahara Africa to offer cloud computing in Morocco and Senegal using its AWS Wavelength platform in partnership with Orange, which was announced on Wednesday 29, May 2024.
One of the first of its kind the services will be provided without having physical AWS infrastructure such as data centers. Natural collaboration obliges, Orange will use and branch its physical data centers to shelter the AWS services. This AWS-Orange partnership, beyond language differences and origins, is responding to the rise of demand and needs for speeder and secured computing operations from banks, telecom firms, and healthcare firms.
There is a sense of a Gold Rush in Africa attracting cloud operators to service the rising cloud market that is expected to grow by 15% yearly to reach $18 billion in 2028, according to Statista.
This agreement aims to establish two public cloud regions in Morocco.
The investment of $140 million over five years, will enable Oracle to establish a comprehensive suite of cloud services, with deployments in two data centers. This project will provide local and regional businesses with access to next-generation cloud services, enhancing their efficiency and competitiveness.
Oracle Advent stimulates Interest and Strategic Partnership between Orange and Amazon
Amazon Web Services (AWS), an Amazon subsidiary that provides “cloud computing on demand” platforms and applications to individuals, businesses, and governments, plans to offer “cloud computing” to Morocco and Senegal using its AWS Wavelength platform in collaboration with the company French Orange. This is what we read in a joint statement from the two companies, according to which this will be the first time that the services will be available in a country without physical AWS infrastructure such as data centers.
Oracle Advent Stimulates Interest and Strategic Partnership between Orange Maroc-AWS
Amazon Web Services (AWS), an Amazon subsidiary that provides “cloud computing on demand” platforms and applications to individuals, businesses, and governments, plans to offer “cloud computing” to Morocco and Senegal using its AWS Wavelength platform in collaboration with the company French Orange. This is what we read in a joint statement from the two companies, according to which this will be the first time that the services will be available in a country without physical AWS infrastructure such as data centers.
C’est une excellente nouvelle pour le Maroc 👏 J’espère que les autres géants mondiaux du cloud, tels que Microsoft Azure, Amazon AWS et Google GCP, choisiront également de s’installer ici, d’autant plus que le Maroc est l’un des pays leaders en Afrique 🙏
Yassine BENADDOU IDRISSI en fait ça consomme moins que les milliers de salles serveurs climatisées mais très mal-isolées de Tanger à Lagrouira. Consolider et centraliser dans un datacenter moderne qui respecte toutes les normes en vigueur du Green IT serait beaucoup mieux pour l’environnement.
Amine L. Avec tous mes respects, ca n’existe pas des normes en vigueur et green it avec les datacenters => C’est polluant et energivore surtout avec la nouvelle stratégie numérique 2030 vous verrez des datacenters naitre comme des champions mutualisés avec les bornes 5G …de quelle maroc vert on parle 🤔
Yassine BENADDOU IDRISSI J’ai travaillé 7 ans au Maroc sur et dans des datacenters locaux privés, c’était CATASTROPHIQUE: Des climatiseurs pour serveurs qui refroidissaient de grandes salles de 100m2 à fond alors qu’il n’y avait que 4 serveurs et avec des fenêtres ouvertes. En terme de normes il y en a plusieurs: ISO 50001, LEED et j’en passe.
Amine L. Les normes sont faites pour faite travailler les cabinets de conseil c’est leur gain pain pas plus..ces normes meme dans les pays les plus développés ne sont pas respectés..ya tout un debat dans ce sens en France, Etats Unis surtout avec l’émergence de l’ia generative et les supercalculateurs quantiques bientot repandus.
Pr Mohamed Amine ISSAMI tout dépend des termes du contrat portant sur la localisation des données. En europe, certains pays ont plutôt opté à deux mesures. Pour les données stratégiques des entreprises nationales, l’hébergement doit être au niveau national ou européen par un opérateur national ou européen. Pour les données de l’Etat ayant trait à la souveraineté, l’hébergeur est un opérateur public national.See translationSee translation of this comment
Artificial Intelligence comes with a hefty price tag – not just because of how expensive it is to actually train and run AI models, but also due to its considerable environmental impact.
Last week, Googlerevealed that its greenhouse gas emissions have jumped nearly 50% over the past five years — because the data centers it uses to power AI and other applications are using more power than ever before.
Emissions are just one part of the equation in AI’s soaring environmental costs. The technology is also known to have a voracious appetite for both energy and water. AI’s rapid growth could cause U.S. electricity consumption to “outstrip current supply in the next two years,” Bernstein analysts recently said. Meanwhile, a recent Goldman Sachsreport found that the demand for power driven by AI applications is poised to increase 160% by 2030 – and also estimated that using ChatGPT for an answer sucks up to 10 times as much electricity as a basic Google search.
“That kind of spike in power demand hasn’t been seen in the U.S. since the early years of this century,” the Goldman analysts said in the report.
With AI only growing in scale and scope, and thereby getting more resource-intensive, tech companies, investors and startups are trying to balance its promises with its environmental footprint, investing in areas like renewable energy sources and energy-efficient processing.
One way stakeholders are trying to limit carbon emissions related to training and using AI is by using or designing data centers powered by cleaner energy sources like hydropower, wind, and even nuclear power — versus coal.
OpenAI founder and CEO Sam Altman and VC firm Andreessen Horowitz seem to be part of this camp, with their backing of the startupExowatt, which aims to meet such clean-energy needs by combining solar thermal tech with a thermal battery system in modules that can be stored and deployed near data centers.
Other tech companies are similarly trying to make their AI infrastructure more efficient by investing heavily in clean energy sources for their data centers.
Illustration: Brendan Lynch/Axios
Columbus’ data center boom may be running out of juice.
Why it matters: Ample, affordable electricity is part of what made the area so attractive to data centers and tech manufacturers in the first place, helping land mega-projects from Intel, Amazon, Facebook and Google.
But a 146% expansion of local data center inventory from 2012-2021 has gobbled up much of our excess grid capacity, per a new report by researchers at JLL, a commercial real estate firm that caters to the tech industry.
Threat level: The company is warning data center developers that the area’s grid capacity will be “constrained” over the next two to three years.
The big picture: Data centers are driving a surge in demand for electricity across the country.
The increase is fueled in part by the rapid rise of artificial intelligence, which relies on especially power-hungry computing infrastructuret.
Utilities have doubled their estimates of how much additional electricity they’ll need in the near term, which notes the trend threatens U.S. climate change goals.
Zoom in: AEP Ohio warned PJM, the organization that operates the electric grid in the region, that it’s anticipating heavy new demands for electricity between new data centers and Intel’s new $20 billion semiconductor plant.
Friction point: To meet that demand, the utility wants to build new transmission lines to New Albany for new Intel, Meta, Google, and Amazon facilities.
That’s drawn pushback from some residents, who complained the project will hurt their property values, per WCMH-TV.
What they’re saying: “The energy demand from these large users can be 100 times that of a typical industrial customer,” AEP Ohio spokesman Scott Blake told Axios. Source: Mar 25, 2024 –News
Just this week, Amazonsaid that it had reached a crucial climate goal by using electricity in its operations from sources that didn’t produce greenhouse gas emissions. The company claimed that it essentially offset its electricity use via its more than 500 solar and wind projects, but some critics argued that since those projects don’t directly power Amazon’s operations, the company may be offering “a misleading impression of its effect on the climate.”
“Advances in AI have depended on exponential growth in training data and thus computing power; as these power requirements grow in the era of deep learning, AI is spurring a boom in clean electricity,” said Izzy Woolgar, director of external affairs at the non-profit energy research institute Centre for Net Zero (Octopus Energy Group). “The race to invest in vast new data centers — and the green energy to power them — is on.”
Founded in 2021, Anthropic also conducts research into AI language models. The company has built its general-purpose chatbot, a potential rival to ChatGPT named Claude, but has yet to release it publicly.
Google has invested $300 million into an OpenAI and ChatGPT rival, officially joining the race to create the best generative AI. The tech giant is taking a 10% stake in Anthropic and its AI model Claude, The Financial Times reports. Anthropic’s short history is full of big players — former OpenAI researchers founded the startup in 2021 and raised $580 million in funding last April, mostly from the now-disgraced FTX. Google’s announcement comes weeks after Microsoft, LinkedIn’s parent company, invested $10 billion into OpenAI.
Very excited to partner with Anthropic on building the future of AI on our Google ML infrastructure!
Anthropic selected Google Cloud to benefit from the company’s deep expertise in large-scale systems for machine learning and as a partner with shared values around the safe and beneficial development of AI. By leveraging Google’s custom-developed machine learning systems designed to run computationally-intensive workloads, Anthropic will continue to conduct breakthrough AI research on the same infrastructure that powers Google Search and YouTube.
“At Google, we believe it is imperative to pursue AI boldly and responsibly,” said James Manyika , SVP of Technology and Society, Google. “We are committed to developing and delivering useful and beneficial applications, applying responsible principles grounded in human values and safety, and evolving our approaches as we learn from research, experience, users, and the wider community. Our partnership with Anthropic is aligned with that philosophy.”
“AI has evolved from academic research to become one of the biggest drivers of technological change, creating new opportunities for growth and improved services across all industries,” said Thomas Kurian , CEO, Google Cloud. “Google Cloud is providing open infrastructure for the next generation of AI startups, and our partnership with Anthropic is a great example of how we’re helping users and businesses tap into the power of reliable and responsible
There’s been a real frenzy around #AI over the past few months. But I thought calling it an “AI arms race” was tad alarmist. Until now.
Google has invested $300 million into Anthropic — on the heels of Microsoft’s (LinkedIn’s parent) recent $10 billion investment into ChatGPT-creator OpenAI — it’s clear that the race for the future of AI has ramped up.
“OpenAI is an AI research and deployment company. Our mission is to ensure that artificial general intelligence benefits all of humanity. For more information about OpenAI: https://openai.com/about.”
🚨 BREAKING: Google investing $300 million in OpenAI competitor Anthropic Last week’s headlines saw Anthropic seeking $300 million in investment. We now know that Google will be the one to provide it. In exchange, Google will be getting about 10% stake. Plus, Anthropic will be exclusively using Google for its computing resources. This is similar to the original Microsoft/OpenAI deal, where Microsoft invested $1 billion for a similar tie-up in computing resources. PS. Get today’s top AI stories in a quick 3-minute digest. Join 11K+ other professionals staying smart on AI: http://bit.ly/3iKiI10
Times are really interesting to watch out in generative AI space. According to news reporting from the Financial Times, Google has invested $300 million in one of the most buzzy OpenAI rivals, Anthropic, whose recently-debuted generative AI model, Claude, is considered competitive with ChatGPT #google#ai. Results of Claude model are comparatively better than chatgpt.
Anthropic‘s Claude does a decent job of translating Bengali text into English. ChatGPT failed this particular task. So did Google translate.
My dad Rehman Mehbubor has been writing op-ed articles in Bangladeshi newspapers recently. He sent me one of his articles today. Having grown up in the United States, I did not learn to read and write in Bangla, unfortunately. (Though I do speak it).
First I tried Google translate to help me read his article. It kept failing, stating that I exceeded the character limit. I kept reducing the text down and finally got it to work but felt that it was too cumbersome to do over and over again. Next I tried ChatGPT. I kept getting an error message. Finally, I tried Claude. And it worked! I’m glad I found a way to appreciate my dad’s work.
ChatGPT just turned 2 months old. Isn’t it crazy to think that back in early November, we still searched for information on Google and wrote our own copy like a bunch of jackasses? We were rosy cheeked cherubs when it came to AI back then. Its fast growth lit a fire under every company in the AI space. And now they’re coming in hot. In a few more months, the landscape will look very different. What are a few AI contenders we should look out for? A VentureBeat article from today shed some light on it.
1️⃣ 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐡𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐜’𝐬 𝐂𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐝𝐞 Created by former OpenAI researchers, it got $580 million in funding, and is about to raise $300 million more. A weird footnote to that is Sam Bankman-Fried and FTX bankrolled most of the first round, which isn’t a great association to have. Still, the company is seemingly good. It’s in closed beta now, but said to potentially be an improvement on ChatGPT and is designed to not be evil at its core.
2️⃣ 𝐃𝐞𝐞𝐩𝐌𝐢𝐧𝐝’𝐬 𝐒𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐫𝐨𝐰 This one is Google’s answer to OpenAI that takes a safer approach. It’s going slow because it wants to be able to cite sources and reduce risk. It’s going to be in private beta sometime this year, and I’m here for it. Trusting data generated by AI is hard, and if it can make the data more trustworthy, that’s going to be massive.
3️⃣ 𝐆𝐨𝐨𝐠𝐥𝐞’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐌𝐃𝐀 Google isn’t taking this lying down and they have another LLM competitor built on top of Google’s open-source Transformer architecture just like ChatGPT. One of the researchers working on it got into trouble last year because he said it was sentient. So yeah, there’s that. It should be the closest experience to ChatGPT of the bunch. It’ll be cool to compare the 2 tech behemoths once it’s out.
4️⃣ 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐀𝐈 Just like Anthropic was sort-of a descendant of OpenAI, Character AI is LaMDA’s. A couple of the original engineers that created Transformer and then LaMDA set out on their own. Its technology lets users chat with AI-driven impersonations of historical figures like Queen Elizabeth or Shakespeare as well as fictional characters. While that’s a 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 specific use case, the technology is 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘰𝘰𝘥. I had an adventure with Mario to test it out and it was like playing an old-school text adventure game. These are just the tip of the iceberg of what’s coming. Are you excited for what’s next?
How do you see these tools working together? Or who will win?
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