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Rules of Origin (RoO) are the administrative rules and criteria used to determine the origin status of products that are traded across borders in any country trading in the product’s international market of exchange, sales, purchase, and acquisition.

The Rules of Origin (RoOs) are legal provisions that determine the national origin of products traded under the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). These rules are important because they establish criteria for which products can receive preferential market access and tariff benefits. The RoOs are product-specific, rather than general rules that apply to all goods. 

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Initially published – September 25, 2023, 3:43 am – updated June 28, 2024

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🌍RISE OF CHINESE CARS OUTSIDE OF CHINA

The race to win: How automakers can succeed in a post-pandemic China – August 13, 2021 | Report

🚗

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Ph.D.  ★ Email: saidcherkaoui@triconsultingkyoto.com

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – Said Cherkaoui – saidcherkaoui@triconsultingkyoto.com

Introduction

How do U.S. car producers based in the United States, other foreign car producers in the United States, European Car Manufacturers selling cars in the United States, and other Asian car producers selling or/and manufacturing cars in the United States, all these car manufacturers react and consider the arrival, establishment and expansion of Chinese made cars and Chinese EV cars and trucks and buses in the United States and Europe and Africa, Latin America and the Middle East.  

What is going to be the scenario, the new global, local, regional, and national trends and perspectives of the competition in the car industry around the world given the rise of Chinese Cars

Chinese car brands still need to be added to the US market, but Chinese-made cars are still sold in the US. 

• Americans bought 104,000 Chinese-made cars in 2023 and nearly 28,000 in the first quarter of 2024.

• Buick, Lincoln, Polestar, and Volvo all sell US cars made in China.

What some people may not realize, however, is that tens of thousands of cars manufactured in China are sold in the US every year. Volvo’s S60L sedan was one of the first Chinese-made cars to be sold in the US starting in 2016, followed by Buick’s Envision SUV and Cadillac’s CT6 hybrid.

US consumers purchased more than 104,000 Chinese-made vehicles in 2023, up 45% from 2022. Americans bought another 28,000 Chinese-made cars during the first quarter of 2024.

Buick, Lincoln, Polestar, and Volvo sell Chinese-made vehicles in the US. Of those, the only Chinese-made EVs come from Polestar, a brand owned by Volvo and its parent company, Geely. The EV brand imported just 2,217 cars in the first three months of 2024. Polestar is expected to start production in South Carolina this year. Will the U.S. government discourage the domestic output of Polestar? Source: Gene Detroyer

Global Rise of Chinese Cars

AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY, FORD

Shocks from China Gets Chills to Ford and $9.2B for EV batteries

DOE Loan Programs Office

It’s another landmark day for domestic EV battery manufacturing in the U.S.! Today, LPO announced a conditional commitment for a loan of up to $9.2 billion to BlueOval SK, LLC (BOSK) for the construction of three manufacturing plants to produce batteries for Ford Motor Company’s future Ford and Lincoln electric vehicles (EVs). This marks the eighth conditional commitment for a loan—and the largest-ever to date—that LPO has announced in the last 15 months under the Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (ATVM) loan program, with two of those loans having since been finalized and issued:

Together, the plants, one located in Tennessee and two in Kentucky, will enable more than 120 gigawatt hours of U.S. battery production annually and displace more than 455 million gallons of gasoline per year for the lifetime of the vehicles powered by these batteries. The project is expected to create a total of approximately 5,000 construction jobs in Tennessee and Kentucky, and 7,500 operations jobs once the plants are up and running.

This effort supports President Biden’s Investing in America agenda to onshore and re-shore domestic manufacturing of technologies that are critical to reaching a clean energy and transportation future. Expanding domestic production of American-made batteries is critical to reaching the Biden-Harris Administration’s goals to have EVs represent at least 50% of all new car sales in the U.S. by 2030, reach net-zero electricity by 2035, and a net-zero economy by 2050.

As with all conditional commitments that LPO offers, it’s important to note that the expected U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) loan will only be issued pending the satisfaction of certain conditions, including final legal, contractual, technical, and financial requirements that the conditional commitment specifies.

LPO Announces Conditional Commitment for Up to $9.2 Billion Loan for BlueOval SK to Further Expand U.S. EV Battery Manufacturing Capacity

www.energy.gov • 3 min read – 6/22/2023

Uncle Sam’s clean-energy push is giving Ford a major boost. The Energy Department has awarded the automaker a massive $9.2 billion loan to fund the construction of three EV battery plants.

a move Bloomberg reports is « by far the biggest government backing for a U.S. automaker since the bailouts in the 2009 financial crisis. »

The U.S. is trying to reduce its battery reliance on China, which has dominated the market for years and has roughly 80% of the world’s manufacturing capacity. Ford, which made about 132,000 EVs in 2022, hopes to produce 2 million of the vehicles by 2026.

The plants — two in Kentucky, one in Tennessee — are already in the works as part of BlueOval SK, a partnership between Ford and South Korean battery firm SK On. The total projected cost is $11.4 billion.

The U.S. Energy Department said Thursday it plans to lend up to $9.2 billion to a joint venture of Ford Motor and South Korea’s SK On to help it build three battery plants in Tennessee and Kentucky, a record-setting loan for a vehicle supply chain project. The conditional commitment for the low-cost government loan for the BlueOval SK joint venture comes from the government’s Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (ATVM) loan program. Jigar Shah, the head of the loan program office, told Reuters the loan could close as soon as within 10 weeks.

SCOOP: Ford Motor Company & South Korean battery maker SK On are getting a $9.2 billion loan from the US Department of Energy for three battery plants under construction in Kentucky & Tennessee. It’s a watershed moment in the US race to catch China in green vehicle technology.

Community colleges in Tennessee and Kentucky stand to benefit from the government’s $9B+ investment in battery production. New workforce development and academic programs, as well as re-tooled facilities, will be needed to support the 7,500 operations jobs associated with these new plants.

Blade Batteries

Global Delocalization of Batterie Manufacturers: Example of Morocco

Let us quickly recall here the advantages which attract investments in new technologies within the countries of the South both from China and from Western countries or other nationalities aiming to relocate certain phases of their production.

The cost of intermediate production, the cost and local availability of raw materials, labor, the proximity of car suppliers and buyers, financial facilities and tax incentives, the flexibility of pollution laws, flexibility of work, the docility of social demands movements, and the rate of social charges and recovery of retirement pensions, health insurance as well as the level of unionization, the cost of land ownership and supply of these lands by the State, the level of logistical infrastructure, the ease of movement of capital, taxation and the rate of social charges and recovery of retirement pensions as well as the level of unionization, remittance and export profits as well as the company’s appropriation ratio. Not to mention the integration of operators and managers from the country of origin benefiting from all the financial and tax advantages recognized by the public authorities. 1/7/2024

First Batch of SHACMAN X6000 Series Products Rolled off the Assembly Line. Congratulations.

Asian Firms to build joint LFP cathode plants in Morocco

CNGR Advanced Material Al Mada Recycling

The focus will be on producing precursors for NCM and LFP cathode materials. The plant will also include recycling facilities. The companies are planning annual capacities of 120,000 tonnes for NCM precursors, 60,000 tonnes for LFP precursors, and 30,000 tonnes for the recycling of battery materials in the first phase. The planned annual production is 70 GWh. That should be enough for more than one million electric vehicles.

Production is mainly for export to meet the high demand in Europe and America – but the partners do not name potential customers. Construction will begin this year after the necessary permits have been obtained and production is scheduled to start in 2025. Source: Info via email

“Morocco aims to open EV battery gigafactory”

Announced on July 22, 2022, at Marrakesh.

Asian Companies Building Battery Factories in Morocco to export to Europe and the U.S.

During the summer of 2022, the Moroccan Minister of Industry and Trade declared that Morocco was negotiating with electric vehicle battery manufacturers to set up a plant in the country to mesh with its existing automotive sector and cobalt output.

“We hope to sign a deal for the plant before the end of this year,” the minister said in an interview with Reuters but declined to name the companies.

He did not say how much investment it would require but referred to it as a “gigafactory,” a term widely used for very big production facilities. The planned factory for EV batteries will “offer a huge momentum for the local automotive sector” and will benefit from the availability of renewable energy and raw materials such as cobalt and phosphates in the country, he said.

Morocco is home to Renault and Stellantis production plants, with a combined production capacity of 700,000. The Dacia Sandero and Peugeot 208 are examples of popular models that are built in Morocco. Demand for such batteries is growing outside and within Morocco, where Citroen plans to double its production capacity within two years from 50,000 EVs, Mezzour said.

Exports by about 250 automakers and suppliers in Morocco have topped the country’s industrial exports over the past seven years, surpassing phosphate sales. Up to May this year, Morocco’s automotive sector sales stood at $4.13 billion, up 24 percent. To increase competitiveness in the face of competition from China and India, Morocco plans to increase the rate of locally made parts in the cars it exports to 80 percent, up from 65 percent currently, Mezzour said.

“We are targeting 1 million within the next three to four years,” Mezzour said. Source:

And what is Europe doing for its renewable industry?

US Billions are flooding into US-based investments, so even European companies are now moving to the US for their investments.

In 2022, the top five manufacturers control more than 80 percent of the battery market.  With an increased interest in EVs – global sales of electric cars totaled 4.2 million units in 2021, up by 108 percent compared with 2020 – there’s been concern that a long list of car companies may soon face an EV battery shortage from electric car battery manufacturers.

The advantages which attract investments in new technologies within the countries of the South both from China and from Western countries or other nationalities aiming to relocate certain phases of their production. The cost of intermediate production, the cost and local availability of raw materials, labor, the proximity of car suppliers and buyers, financial facilities and tax incentives, the flexibility of pollution laws, flexibility of work, the docility of social demands movements, and the rate of social charges and recovery of retirement pensions, health insurance as well as the level of unionization, the cost of land ownership and supply of these lands by the State, the level of logistical infrastructure, the ease of movement of capital, taxation and the rate of social charges and recovery of retirement pensions as well as the level of unionization, remittance and export profits as well as the company’s appropriation ratio. Not to mention the integration of operators and managers from the country of origin benefiting from all the financial and tax advantages recognized by the public authorities.

1/7/2024

LG Energy Solution 

A unit of LG Chem, this South Korean battery supplier is neck and neck with CATL as the world’s number one supplier of lithium-ion EV batteries.

Although there has been some controversy along the way – LG Chem successfully sued rivals SK Innovations not too long ago for stealing trade secrets – the future looks bright for the company, with LG Energy Solution beginning production of 4680 cells in 2023, the very same cells which make up Tesla’s most advanced battery pack yet. 

The large format 4680 cylindrical cells are said to increase power by six times and energy by five times, as well as boost an EV’s range by up to 54 percent. 

These 4680 cells are also expected to bring the price of Tesla EVs down to around $US25,000, according to Tesla founder Elon Musk.

The company also has a US$303 million plant in Holland, Michigan, capable of producing enough cells per year to build between 50,000 and 200,000 battery packs for EV and hybrid manufacturers like Ford, General Motors, Hyundai, Volvo, Renault and Chevrolet. 

By 2025, all factories in South Korea, North America, Europe, and China will operate on 100 percent renewable energy. 

BYD

Once written off by Elon Musk, China’s BYD has proven the haters wrong by becoming the world’s top seller of EVs in July 2022, having sold 641,000 vehicles in the first half of 2022 – nearly 80,000 more EVs than Tesla. 

Although it’s gained a strong footing in the EV market, BYD began life as a rechargeable battery manufacturer in 1995, and in 2021 it built a new facility in Chongqing, China, to produce its blade batteries, which are thinner and longer than conventional lithium-ion cells.

Blade batteries are also considered to be the safest EV batteries because they are far less likely to catch fire in an accident. They are also 50 percent smaller than other battery blocks, resulting in lighter and more efficient EVs. 

There seems to be no hard feelings between the Chinese behemoth and Elon Musk: BYD executive vice president Lian Yubo now says BYD is “good friends” with Mr Tesla, and has plans afoot to supply his company with EV batteries.

Panasonic 

Panasonic is another of the world’s largest lithium-ion battery manufacturers, the electronics giant partnering with Tesla on Giga Nevada – or Gigafactory 1, as it’s also known – a $5 billion lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle component factory located in Storey County, Nevada, which produces a Panasonic EV battery exclusively for Tesla’s Model 3, Model S and Model X SUV. 

Panasonic is said to have invested US$1.6 billion in Gigafactory 1 to make itself Tesla’s prime supplier of EV batteries, with raw materials being supplied by a mining company that extracts lithium from a site located 320km away from the factory.

Jointly designed and engineered by Tesla and Panasonic, the ‘2170’ battery has been in mass production since January 2017, with the new and improved 4680 battery cell, which has significant capacity improvements, going into production in 2023. 

Turning an eye to the future, Shoichiro Watanabe, CTO of Panasonic Energy, says the company will achieve a 20 percent improvement in energy density in its battery cells by the end of the decade. 

In much the same way that Tesla has partnered with other EV battery manufacturers in other international markets, Panasonic has also partnered with Toyota to build a lithium-ion battery plant in Japan that will supply batteries for Toyota EVs. Source:

Present Outlook of the World Battery Manufacturing Capacity

With the world gearing up for the electric vehicle era, battery manufacturing has become a priority for many nations, including the United States. However, having entered the race for batteries early, China is far and away in the lead.

This was originally posted on Elements. 

Predominance of China’s World Manufacturing Capacity

– China controls raw materials –

Another key factor in China’s supremacy: is control over the raw materials needed to manufacture the batteries: lithium and cobalt.

According to Bloomberg, the Chinese firms Ganfeng and Tianqi control 17 and 12 percent respectively of the world production of lithium thanks to their investments in mines in Australia and South America.

Tianqi bought a 24 percent stake in Chilean miner SQM for $4.1 billion in December 2018. Together with the US firm Albemarle it also controls the huge Greenbushes mine in Australia.

Meanwhile, Chinese firms control at least half of the cobalt extracted in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where 70 percent of global output comes from, according to estimates cited by Bloomberg.

China Molybdenum bought a major site from the US firm Freeport-McMoran for $2.65 billion in 2016. China also has 80 percent of the world’s capacity to produce refined cobalt using chemical processes.

This is not a basic skill (“We are a car manufacturer, not chemically,” said Marianne Battalion, Renault E’s project manager last year), but second, whether the production was outsourced to Koreans or Chinese, many unemployed motor factories instead.

China has 6 of the top 10 EV battery makers with 60 percent market share, led by CATL and Warren Buffett-backed BYD.

• Besides CATL and BYD, CALB, Gotion High-tech, Sunwoda, and Eve Energy feature among the world’s top 10 EV battery makers, according to SNE Research
• CATL installed 165.7 gigawatt hours of battery cells in the first 11 months of last year, giving it a global market share of 37.1 percent

China’s well-established advantage is set to continue through 2027, with 69% of the world’s battery manufacturing capacity. With nearly 900 gigawatt-hours of manufacturing capacity or 77% of the global total, China is home to six of the world’s 10 biggest battery makers. Behind China’s battery dominance is its vertical integration across the rest of the EV supply chain, from mining the metals to producing the EVs. It’s also the largest EV market, accounting for 52% of global sales in 2021.

The U.S. is projected to increase its capacity by more than 10-fold in the next five years. EV tax credits in the Inflation Reduction Act are likely to incentivize battery manufacturing by rewarding EVs made with domestic materials. Alongside Ford and General Motors, Asian companies including Toyota, SK Innovation, and LG Energy Solution have all announced investments in U.S. battery manufacturing in recent months.

Europe will host six of the projected top 10 countries for battery production in 2027. Europe’s current and future battery plants come from a mix of domestic and foreign firms, including Germany’s Volkswagen, China’s CATL, and South Korea’s SK Innovation.

Combating China’s dominance will be expensive. According to Bloomberg, the U.S. and Europe will have to invest $87 billion and $102 billion, respectively, to meet domestic battery demand with fully local supply chains by 2030.

Within such an unbalanced world of Battery Manufacturing Capacity and given that Europe is using a mixed approach, Morocco is positioned to benefit from Europe’s reliance on domestic and foreign manufacturers of batteries.

Morocco, Regional Hub for Battery Material Plants

South Korea’s LG Chem partnering with China Huayou Group announced a project to build in Morocco a joint electric vehicle (EV) battery material plant. On the other side, CNGR, Chinese Battery-Parts Maker, and African Fund Al Mada aim to build an industrial base in Morocco for a battery materials production and recycling facility. All the Production of these facilities is intended for export to meet high demand in Europe and America.

 🇺🇸🚗- 🌍 AFRICANA🌍 ENTERPRISE🌍 – 🌐Morocco🌍Tech🌐 –
African-Moroccan Diaspora – Tateyoko Research Institute – USA – Tateyoko Research Institute

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• What is a Conditional Commitment? https://www.energy.gov/lpo/articles/getting-know-lpo-what-conditional-commitment

• Advanced transportation project financing available through LPO’s Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (ATVM) loan program: Energy.gov/LPO/ATVM

• President Biden’s « Investing in America » agenda: https://www.whitehouse.gov/invest

President Biden: Road of Jérusalem Passe par l’Usine Ford de Dearborn – Mai 19, 2021 – DANS “ETATS-UNIS D’AMÉRIQUE”

Read more below via Ars Technica.

Read the full BlueOval SK project conditional commitment announcement for more details: https://www.energy.gov/lpo/articles/lpo-announces-conditional-commitment-loan-blueoval-sk-further-expand-us-ev-battery

The Mexican-Japanese-US Model for Auto Assembly in Northern Mexico – September 29, 2020 – “AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY”

Global Liberalism and U.S. State Interventionism: Electric Auto Industry – Mai 19, 2021 – “ELECTRIC VEHICLE”

Selected articles written and published by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – Said Cherkaoui on the Automobile industry in Morocco
Contact: saidcherkaoui@triconsultingkyoto.com

Globaloganization of Renault Development Strategy

🌎 Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  February 20, 2023 – saidcherkaoui@triconsultingkyto.com🌍 🌎Analyses et Publications sur l’Industrie Automobile🌍 Said El … Continue reading

Automotive Industry: Regional Versus International Strategy

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  June 21, 2023, N.B.: Frontpage picture of the Blue Car in the First Floor Parking taken by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui … Continue reading

Morocco – Maroc – BAGNOLE CHERKAOUI 1920 – 24
   Articles traitant de Morocco – Maroc écrits par Said El Mansour Cherkaoui

https://bagnolecherkaoui.wordpress.com/category/morocco-maroc/

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Ph.D.  ★ Email: saidcherkaoui@triconsultingkyoto.com

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui’s Research and Academic Letters of Recommendations

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BERKELEY – OAKLAND – SAN FRANCISCO – CALIFORNIA – USA

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Nominated as Co-Chair of the International Business Development Committee on Africa at the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce, California

Created and Conducted by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui for the Workforce Development Program – EBCITD

Capacity Building and Workforce Development Training Program

Samples of Certified Training

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, Ph.D.

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Developed Strategies and Directed Training on Market and Technology to Strengthen China’s Trade and Business in the United States, Africa, Europe, and the Middle East

CHINA & EGYPT

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Strengthening Business, Trade, and Academic Relationships of California with China [October 1994] and Egypt [December 1994] –

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Developed Business and Trade Connections Between California and China and Egypt Since 1994

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新年快乐 – Xīnnián Kuàilè

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★ Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui facilitated the meeting of High-level Executive, Managers, and Scientists from China with their American Peers ★

★ Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Invited by the Central and Provincial Governments of China ★

Made in Morocco with Moroccan Legacy

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui & Center for International Trade Development ★ CITD in Morocco

Conference on North Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa – US Department of Commerce – San Francisco – California

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International Conference on Africa

★ EBCITD & GLOCENTRA ★

International Conference on Africa, Berkeley, California, USA

Since my early studies at Institut des Etudes Politiques of the Grenoble University, the development, and integration of Africa were at the forefront of my studies and topics of my presentations in seminaries and essay papers. It was natural that I continue to work and increase awareness about Africa and its need to establish new kinds of relations with countries other than the past metropolitan and colonialists.
Below among other pictures, there is a photo taken in the company with the Regretted Dr. Babacar Ndiaye, former CEO of the African Development Bank Group who holds firmly my hand and is standing at my left side.

I initiated and developed a work plan for the organization of The International Conference on Africa took place in 2001. The first time in the history of the Bay Area of San Francisco and North California to have a conference of such magnitude and subject. that I submitted to Fazale Sharif the Director of the EBCITD which I was the initiator and for which I participated directly in its organization. I contacted and invited Dr. Babacar Ndiaye and in the following photo, the event/photo took place during an International Conference on Africa I had organized in Oakland, California, and of which Dr. Babacar Ndiaye, Rahimahu Allah was our Guest of Honor.

Below are listed links which content present among others some illustrations of my activities concerning the Integration of Africa with which I was directly involved, including the facilitation of the signing of the Free Trade Agreement between the United States and Morocco.

For many among us, time flies through horizons without leaving traces on recognition and gratitude on what we have achieved for the good for others especially in my case not be born in the United States but I remain up to now the maker of differences between cultures and the guardian of the memories I cherish and remember through my meetings and interactions with the real treasuries of the Humanity.
The second link below presents “The ADB honors its former president, the late Babacar Ndiaye: https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/the-afdb-pays-tribute-to-late-president-babacar-ndiaye-17363
On my right hand is Dr. Faheem Director of the Center for International Trade Development, on the other left side and holding my hand is Dr. Boubacar N’diaye, Chairman of the African Development Bank from 1985 to 1995 and honorary chairman of the same institution (Rest in Peace among the Blessed ones, Ameen)

I extended the invitation to Dr. Boubacar N’diaye for his presence among us at this International Conference on Africa.  He was delighted about my presentation and we also sat together and had lunch at the same table.  Wonderful Man with full love for Africa and Africans and who initiated a series of important financial and operational measures: the African Businessmen Round Table, the creation of the African Bank for import-export (Afreximbank), and the setting up of special easy financing for the African private sector (investors and entrepreneurs) without the guarantee of their governments.The Conference Room was packed with U.S. and Foreign officials and Executives as well as faculties and Researchers on Africa and the Place where all these interactions took place was the fabulous and monumental Claremont Hotel in Berkeley, Northern California. 

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui at the International Conference on Africa and AGOA

http://www.africacontext.wordpress.com

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Welcome!

California Resources and Training (CARAT) is a private non-profit founded in 1994 to integrate and build the capacity of the technical assistance industry in California. As a statewide initiative, CARAT’s focus has been on enhancing the quality of technical assistance throughout California. CARAT’s intent is to assist in building capacity and encourage and stimulate partnerships between lending institutions and technical assistance providers.

News Alerts

Creating and Accessing Supplier Diversity Opportunities (CASO) Program Launch Reception

To see photos from our Wednesday, May 25, 2016 event – click here.

CARAT is announcing the publication of the Insights and Perspectives on Supplier Diversity Report. Click here to read a PDF of the report.

CARAT’s Executive Director, Selma Taylor, was featured on the Comcast Spotlight show. View a video of Selma discussing CARAT’s technology trainings with Barbara Rodgers here.

We would like to thank our supporters of the Creating and Accessing Supplier Diversity Opportunities Program. Their generous support allows CARAT to offer small business public and private sector contract training free of charge. Here’s a list of our sponsors:

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About CARAT | Programs | Training Resources | Events | Bulletins | Publications | Links

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Publications and Seminars on the Middle East by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui

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Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Research and Publications on Latin America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Peru

Publication by the Golden Gate University Review, San Francisco and Interview of Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas
Published in France

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USA – Testimonials Recognizing the Achievements and Competences of Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui

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American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa

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American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa
Oakland – California – U.S.A
El Jadida – Morocco
Marrakech – Morocco

[googleapps domain=”docs” dir=”presentation/d/e/2PACX-1vQ2CyYuQjv0w1rMLdbTTRedaD-3YoRSPsj291SJjCI2P45YZ6-sMCtYNsg9phAZ6Qwu9bedDTiK0w6g/embed” query=”start=true&loop=true&delayms=3000″ width=”960″ height=”569″ /]

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Business Mission and Trade-Show in Morocco by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, Glocentra and EBCITD

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★ A Picture is worth 1000 Games ★

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★★★★★

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chronique cherkaoui – Global Leverage and Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

🌐Culture of Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Creativity🌐Social Progress 🌐

American Institute of Entrepreneurship of Africa – AIEA

🌐Entrepreneurial Africa🌐

Interested in the Entrepreneurship in Africa?

Education is one of the factors that prepare an individual for an entrepreneurial career (Dyer, 1994).

“…. There is an urgent need to promote inclusive economic transformation and jobs-induced growth to improve the quality of life for all Africans.  Africa’s youth population is rapidly growing and expected to double to over 830 million by 2050.” Source at the end of the page

🌐 Willing to make Africans benefit from your investment: financial or knowledge-based?

🌐 Willing to make Africans benefit from your Expertise as an Entrepreneur?

🌐 Here comes the Sun from Africa to you: Join our team!

🌐 Let it Be Shining and you will be at the forefront of building the foundations of the New African Entrepreneurial Innovative Mind!

🌐 Here below is where to find the related presentations in English about the Project of the AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN AFRICA and Said El Mansour Cherkaoui’s other works and publications on Africa.

Africa and Entrepreneurial Drive

Entrepreneurial Career Choice

Several major career development theorists have contributed to the literature on careers. Dyer’s (1994) Model of Entrepreneurial Careers and the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) developed by Lent, Brown, and Hackett (1994) are two of the most accepted and validated models in the career literature. Dyer’s Model of Entrepreneurial Careers explores four components of the theory of entrepreneurial careers, such as career selection, career socialization, career orientation, and career development (Dyer, 1994).

Entrepreneur and Mentor: Tandem for Operational Innovation

According to our model, entrepreneurial career choice can be influenced by individual factors such as “mentorship”, entrepreneurial attitudes, social factors such as role models, and economic factors such as availability of a resource network, economic resources, and believe in innovation.

The idea of infusing entrepreneurship into education has spurred much enthusiasm in the last few decades. A myriad of effects has been stated to result from this, such as economic growth, job creation, and increased societal resilience, but also individual growth, increased school engagement, and improved equality. Putting this idea into practice has however posed significant challenges alongside the stated positive effects. Lack of time and resources, teachers’ fear of commercialism, impeding educational structures, assessment difficulties, and lack of definition clarity are some of the challenges practitioners have encountered when trying to infuse entrepreneurship into education.

The Certificate of Entrepreneurship Program at the AIEA aims to prepare creative practitioners and entrepreneurial-minded innovators to become valuable contributors to the fields of business, economics, culture, and community at large. Entrepreneurs combine creative, cultural, social, and entrepreneurial spirit to forward innovation goals that invest in communities while solving problems with market-based approaches for the greater good.

[Source: Entrepreneurship in Education]

American Institute for Entrepreneurship in Africa

Educational Training Program Overview

✅ Learn how to develop an effective operation management and assessment of efficiency that is highly valued within your organization.

✅ Understand how to integrate business processes and development.

✅ Develop the skills to identify necessary resources including people and assets that provide the enterprising project and endeavor tangible value.

✅ Learn how to develop a solid business plan for your entrepreneurial project that addresses cost, benefits, and operational aspects.

✅ Integrate and share understanding with colleagues and employees on how to effectively integrate management, business continuity planning, facility and infrastructure management, HR, and others.

✅ Learn how to do this efficiently: Managerial tasks/functions are divided into 3 phases:

★  Formulation of plans
★  Implementation of plans
★  Evaluation of plans.

The Entrepreneurial Program Advantage at the American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa

Selecting and Developing the Business Case

The key task behind planning and assessment of an entrepreneurial motive and idea is developing an understanding of the organization to be assessed through an analysis of the following steps that evaluate the business case.

The Entrepreneurial Management Process 

Entrepreneurial Drive

Understand how to educate Entrepreneurs and Business Leaders on the realistic impacts of identified aspects of the SWOT approach, presenting potential strategies to mitigate those impacts, then enacting the option chosen by the business in line with accepted levels of business risk tolerance.

NEXT LEVEL – CRITICAL THINKING

Critical thinking is so often a forgotten aspect of the risk analysis and assessment process, yet it is fundamental to risk analysis and assessment. Understanding how to formulate a question, knowing what you’re looking for, and how that information is applied is indispensable to this process of risk assessment. By exploring other points of view and understanding other perspectives, you learn more about the subject, can reflect on the information you have, and how you feel.

Identification of Entrepreneurial Drive Through Critical Thinking / SWOT

Learn to identify and characterize the organization’s assets in the context of critical thinking – the basis for all good analysis. This is the foundation for criticality and consequence analysis as well as​ for a majority of probability analysis, vulnerability analysis, and risk analysis itself that can be conducted through the SWOT Approach.

Comprehending the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats is the first step in Entrepreneurial Assessment.

Analyzing the Strengths and Opportunities

The scope should define the processes, functions, activities, physical boundaries (facilities and locations), and stakeholders within the boundaries of the risk assessment program.

• What is the scope of the entrepreneurial project as defined by the planning process?
• Is it meeting the entrepreneurial’s objectives one of the strengths?
• Does the planning process consider the context of the organization, its needs, and requirements?
• Learn how to match the scope to the resources available to reach the next level of implementation.

Treatment of the Weaknesses and Threats

Weaknesses and Threats are rating scales that are defined concerning an entrepreneur’s objectives and scope. They are typically measured in terms of impact and occurrence. Impact scales of Weaknesses and Threats should translate the units of measure used for organizational objectives, which may reflect different types of impact such as financial, competition, and/or management of products, services, human resources, and customer/client relationships.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP and CHANGE MANAGEMENT 

Managing the change process by example of leadership and reallocating human resources and competencies for adequate productivity, teamwork, discipline, accountability, and reaching the same goals while sharing the same benefits with equity and responsibility.

Entrepreneur – Manager and Change Management

• The Role of the Management is not only to Change just the shape of the Bottle
• The Role of the Management is not only to Change the Label
• The Role of the Management is not only to Change the Distributors of the Bottle
• The Role of the Management is not only to Change the Consumers and Buyers of the Bottle
• The Role of the Management is not only to Change the Content of the Bottle
• The Role of the Management is to not only to Change the Process of Making and Pouring the Liquid in the Bottle
• The Role of the Management is to change the Concept of/in the Creation of the Liquid in the first place.

COURSE SAMPLE – TRAINING SEMINAR ENTREPRENEURSHIP & ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING

Duration of the Entrepreneurship Program

Illustrative Sample and Design of Model

Multiple Courses will be provided for Free

Entry Terms: Fall & Spring – Available 100% Online: Yes

Credits Required for Training-Study Program Completion

This 5-day Study Program offers a comprehensive examination of all aspects of planning and implementing an entrepreneurial assessment program for any organization, small or large, public or private, and in any industry or setting. Through engaging lectures, eye-opening case studies, and practical exercises, the American Institute on Entrepreneurship in Africa program not only covers the essential topics listed but also provides opportunities to apply the principles through the offering of mentorship and consulting services, and follow-up orientations and regular online checking-up meeting and web organized brain-storm sessions.

Please Note:

Cancellation Policy

The Entrepreneurial Study and Training Programs at the American Institute of Entrepreneurship in Africa is committed to creating opportunities for all driven professionals. We understand that issues may arise that may prevent your timely participation in our programs.

If a participant cancels one month before the start of a program, a full refund of course fees will be issued. If a participant cancels between one month and one week before the start of the program, a 75% refund of course fees will be issued. If a participant cancels within one week of a program, no refund will be issued.*

AIEA reserves the right to cancel a program due to low enrollment or extenuating circumstances (e.g. natural disasters, acts of terror). In the case of such a cancellation, all participants will receive a full refund of course fees.

*These guidelines only apply for programs without lodging and accommodation. For programs in which course fees include lodging and accommodations, please contact info@triconsultingkyoto.com

In collaboration with the https://africanaenterprise.com – TRI CK USA and Global Center for Trade – GLOCENTRA, a study program with a Certificate is offered to enable Nascent, Rising, and Existing Entrepreneurs to acquire the technical knowledge that is making a difference in establishing and consolidating Entrepreneurial Drive and Enterprise Growth.

[Source: Youth are defined as ages 15-35 in this strategy based on the African Union definition. Data from United Nations Population Division,“World Population Prospects: the 2015 Revision”] 

Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are the potential stars of this new economic model.  Thus, they can fulfill customer needs before their larger competitors in the market can.   On the other hand; it’s significant for SMEs to adopt and implement proactive strategies while being aware of the opportunities and threats inside and outside the market.   There are 28.8 million small businesses in the United States, according to the U.S. Small Business Administration, and they have 56.8 million employees. Small businesses (defined as businesses with fewer than 500 employees) account for 99.7% of all businesses in the United States of America. *

Informal Sector versus Corporate Corporatism: To be Intrapreneurship or to be Entrepreneurship?

What are the qualities/Characteristics of an Entrepreneur?

Entrepreneur takes an idea & makes it into reality.

Entrepreneurs take risks. Risk of time, money, etc.

Entrepreneurs is optimistic about the future.

Entrepreneurs are innovators. They invent new products, services, processes, or methods.

Entrepreneur enjoy freedom & use it betterment of their customers & ultimately for society.

Entrepreneurs have a strong focus on anything they are doing.

Entrepreneur is confident, optimistic & loves facing challenges in life & business.

Entrepreneurs make decisions independently.

There are various types of entrepreneurs. We will see some of it.

Industrial Entrepreneurs: They are in the business of manufacturing products. E.g. Manufacturing of automobile parts.

Trading Entrepreneurs: They are in the business of buying & selling products or services. E.g. Traders of Houses.

Imitative Entrepreneurs: These types of businesses copy other successful businesses & run the business similarly.

Drone Entrepreneurs: These types of entrepreneurs don’t like to change their business style. They don’t involve innovation. They just want to be like how they are.

Fabian Entrepreneurs: They don’t change until it is very much needed. They adopt change when it is very necessary.

What are the various functions of Entrepreneurs?

The main function of an Entrepreneur is to take risks.

The second function is to start the enterprise.

The third function is to keep an eye on the internal & external environment.

The fourth function is to make arrangements for necessary resources.

The fifth function is to deliver products/services to customers.

Concept of Intrapreneurship

Entrepreneurship in any business is called Intrapreneurship. The development of a product/service in a corporation as a semi-autonomous business unit is called Intrapreneurship.

What causes barriers to Intrapreneurship?

Rigid nature of big corporations.

Expectations of profit in very short duration.

Lack of entrepreneurial qualities.

Lack of resources required for entrepreneurship.

Innovation

One of the key requirements for entrepreneurship is Innovation.

Innovation is nothing but new ways of doing old tasks. Innovations can be Chemical, mechanical, managerial, technical, institutional, service, etc.

According to Joseph Schumpeter, there are five types of innovations.

Introduction of new & good quality product.

Introduction of a new method of production.

Introduction of a new market.

Use of some new sources of supply as raw material.

They are making a new organizational form of industry.

The innovation process in Entrepreneurship includes the following steps.

Research of market

Development of product/service

Marketing of product/service

Production

Use by customer

Feedback from the customer

Natalia Nikolova (NN): Typically, intrapreneurship is defined as entrepreneurship initiatives and practices within existing organizations. The goal of intrapreneurship is to revitalize and keep established organizations competitive long term. Established companies are generally found to be less innovative than smaller ones or startups.

Intrapreneurship is key to addressing disruption – studies have found that corporations are becoming increasingly short-lived, thanks to being disrupted by newcomers. For example, since 2000 more than half of the S&P 500 companies have disappeared. With accelerating technological change, innovating becomes critical if companies are to survive.

The implications for the future of work are that every employee will be expected to have an entrepreneurial mindset and contribute to the innovation capability of their company.

MMP: In what ways do intrapreneurs contribute to the development and success of innovative organizations?

How are innovation-led organizations different from their competitors?

NN: Intrapreneurs contribute to the renewal and competitiveness of organizations given constant technological changes. For example, through the development of new business ventures that could either be integrated into the existing organization or be spun off independently; new products/services, product/services improvements, and new strategic directions for the organization.

However, established organizations can’t just rely on a few ‘lonely’ intrapreneurs. Research has shown that the most successful intrapreneurs and innovation-led organizations have supportive cultures and structures, and are connected with external partners in extensive innovation ecosystems, including universities, research institutions, and other companies.

This is what sets innovation-led companies apart: they have been successful in establishing organizational cultures where initiative is rewarded and failures are encouraged. They have structures, processes, and senior leadership that are supportive of innovation, and they have built an ecosystem of partners that enables these organizations to constantly bring in new ideas into their organizations.

MMP: Can any organization be innovation-led, or is it more relevant for some rather than others? Are there simple changes that can be implemented in the short term? And what about the long term?

NN: With accelerating innovation change, every organization needs to aim to become innovation-led. We all have been reading about significant changes caused by new technologies such as AI, VR (virtual reality), blockchain, and big data. These technologies will impact every type of organization. However, some researchers have argued that in highly turbulent and uncertain markets, it could be beneficial for companies to scale back on innovating until they can better understand the future directions of these markets.

In the short term, many established organizations have chosen to set up separate innovation labs. These are usually set apart from the rest of the organization so they can operate uninhibitedly. However, such labs often don’t work, as this recent commentary demonstrates.

My own research, though, on the innovation lab of an Australian ASX 200 company, shows how they can be a good starting point to establish an innovation mindset and culture. Longer term, companies need to pursue a double strategy: developing an internal innovation capability and partnering externally – including cooperating with and even acquiring, innovative companies/start-ups. This is a strategy many leading tech companies are pursuing.

MMP: Do you have any guidance regarding the challenges creative companies face when developing innovation strategies? What can they take from tech companies and vice versa?

NN: Research on creative companies has shown that many creative companies while being quite innovative, are less business-savvy concerning turning new ideas into profitable business models. This is something that has plagued the creative industries sector for quite some time – individual creativity often drives the success of the organization, but they struggle to create a sustainable business model to scale up this creativity.

Creative companies could learn from tech companies to put more focus on the scalability of their creative ideas and how to develop financially sustainable business models. On the other hand, tech companies can learn from creative companies how to ensure that their employees remain creative and innovative, even if they are part of larger organizations with bureaucracy and managerial practices that often stifle innovation. In many ways, the stories we hear from organizations like Alphabet/Google and Apple, about the playful environments they have created for their employees and the flat hierarchies they have established, are in line with how smaller creative companies operate. Yet, Amazon, for example, has been under the spotlight, because of the stifling practices and toxic culture its employees have experienced.

The question of how to keep the creative/innovative mindset as organizations grow is critical to ensure that large organizations, whether tech or not, can continue to be innovative.

Dr Natalia Nikolova is a Senior Lecturer, at UTS Business School and Faculty of Transdisciplinary Innovation. Professor Margaret Maile Petty is UTS Executive Director, Innovation and Entrepreneurship.

Innovative corporations cultivate entrepreneurial-minded professionals to become actively engaged in creating new business opportunities within the firm, often called corporate venturing–or intrapreneurship.  Intrapreneurship is also known as corporate entrepreneurship and corporate venturing (Burgelman 1983; Burgelman 1984; MacMillan et. al. 1986).  it is the practice of developing a new venture within an existing organization, to exploit a new opportunity and create economic value (Pinchot 1985).

Entrepreneurship by contrast is the act of developing a new venture outside an existing organization.  The traditional entrepreneur shall now act as an innovation hunter to proactively be able to set up new smart businesses; ideally from the beginning, till the end of any business life cycle.

The term entrepreneur, etymologically originates from the French word entreprendre meaning “to begin something, undertake.” During medieval times, this word was being used to describe an active working person [4]. However, in economic theory, it was Richard Cantillon (1759), -an Irish economist of French descent- first, who first used the term entrepreneur. According to Cantillon, the entrepreneur is a specialist in taking risks [5].

Risk-taking is one of the famous attributes of entrepreneurs which is also frequently emphasized in the literature. Spiritually, some people are observed to tend to behave extra-ordinarily. As Jobs addresses; “You have to trust in something—your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever—because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-known path, and that will make all the difference [6].” Taking the risk phenomenon and the spiritual reflections into consideration; it can easily be summed up that entrepreneurship has something to do with inner-journey.

Another emphasis on entrepreneurship is its presentation as a mindset. “Entrepreneurship is first and foremost a mindset. To seize an entrepreneurial opportunity, one needs to have a taste for independence and self-realization.” said Olli Rehn, a member of the European Commission [7]. Understanding the entrepreneurial mindset requires a certain threshold of empathy. First of all, entrepreneurship is the story of ambiguity. An anonymous supporting quote is likely to highlight the gist of entrepreneurship. It’s as follows: “Anyone, (can be an entrepreneur) who wants to experience the deep, dark canyons of uncertainty and ambiguity; and who wants to walk the breathtaking highlands of success. But I caution, do not plan to walk the latter, until you have experienced the former [8].” In this regard, as Schumpeter also points out; entrepreneurs seem to have some heroic vision. Schumpeter focused on high-level entrepreneurship, and larger businesses [9]. On the other hand, Marshall examined smaller businesses, partially [10]. It was Hayek and Kirzner, who examined the entrepreneurs as middlemen hoping to profit by buying cheap and selling expensive [11].

Stopford and Baden-Fuller considered entrepreneurs as opportunists even in chaotic situations, and they also metaphorically approached entrepreneurship. According to them, entrepreneurs are like Olympic athletes, long-distance runners, symphony orchestra conductors, and top-gun pilots…These metaphors underline the entrepreneurs’ being ambitious, determined, self-challenging, and talent for synchronizing [12]. [Source: Mehmet Çağrı Gündoğdu]

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ya4acTFOzLk]

When it comes to defining entrepreneurship; it can easily be discovered that various people have defined entrepreneurship differently. Despite this fact, the most common classification follows the mainstream of Collins and Moore; who claimed two types of entrepreneurship, differentiating due to the context of entrepreneurial activities undertaken. These are, firstly, independent entrepreneurship and independent entrepreneurs (similar to entrepreneurship/traditional entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs/traditional entrepreneurs in this paper), implying the process whereby an individual or a group of individuals, acting independently of any association with an existing organization, create a new organization [13].

Secondly, corporate entrepreneurship and administrative entrepreneurs (similar to intrapreneurship and Mehmet Çag˘rı Gündog˘du / Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 41 ( 2012 ) 296 – 303 299 intrapreneurs in this paper), implying the process whereby an individual or a group of individuals, in association with an existing organization, create a new organization or instigate renewal or innovation within that organization [14]. A brief definition of an entrepreneur, inspired by Kuratko, can be made as the following: An entrepreneur is an undertaker who notices and seizes opportunities; converts those opportunities into commercial ideas; adds value via processes, effort, capital, or capabilities; and confronts the risks of the competitive market to apply those ideas; and what an entrepreneur accomplishes, is therefore called entrepreneurship [15]. Now, entrepreneurial activities within an existing organization, namely intrapreneurship will be discussed.

Intrapreneurship

The study of intrapreneurship, implying entrepreneurial activities conducted within existing organizations, has expanded over the last three decades [16]. Most research in this field has focused on the possibility; that managers and individual employees could be inspired to behave entrepreneurially; create innovations, and obtain profit and growth through these innovations [17], [18], [19], [20], [21].

This is about a powerful foresight that managers and their organizations can form an ambiance that fosters to create and manage new businesses within the existing organizational framework [22], [23], [24].  Scholars have shown the tendency to divide entrepreneurship into two sub-titles according to its operating context. On one hand, it’s common to use entrepreneurship or independent entrepreneurship to describe the entrepreneurial efforts of individuals operating outside the context of an existing organization.

On the other hand, different terms can be seen in the literature implying the entrepreneurial efforts within an existing organization such as corporate entrepreneurship as Burgelman and Zahra used respectively in their separate studies; corporate venturing which Biggadike mentioned; Pinchot’s intrapreneuring; internal corporate entrepreneurship of Jones and Butler; Schollhammer and Vesper’s internal entrepreneurship; Guth and Ginsberg’s strategic renewal and venturing of Hornsby, Naffziger, Kuratko, and Montagno [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32].

Here, only intrapreneurship is being used for a common purpose, referring more likely to Pinchot’s view of defining intrapreneurs as the “dreamers who do”; those who take hands-on responsibility for creating innovation of any kind within an existing organization [33]. Innovation is the next topic to be examined.

Entrepreneurs willingly sign up for a wide spectrum of possible outcomes, ranging from big wins on one end to massive losses on the other. Not so with intrapreneurs who have made the conscious decision to receive a paycheck from an organization largely to avoid risk, and they therefore do not expect huge financial gains.

Entrepreneurs have the luxury of building a company’s culture from scratch, while intrapreneurs often fight against a long history of many deeply held and widely shared beliefs, assumptions, and practices—some of which run counter to intrapreneurship itself. Is innovation infused into the DNA of your organization, or is your culture lethal to innovation?

The cultural archetype of the Intrapreneur serves as a prototype for the employee of the future.

Intrapreneurship as the new way of working?

That is where intrapreneurship comes in. Originally, when first introduced by Gifford and Elizabeth Pinchot in 1978, intrapreneurship referred mostly to managing a P&L inside of a larger organization. Since then, the concept has expanded beyond the structural into also covering cultural domains.

Intrapreneurs are sometimes referred to as corporate entrepreneurs, and while they both require self-reliance, self-management, and self-organization, there is a big difference between the two: On a most basic level the risk and reward structures: As an entrepreneur, the risk is high, but so are the potential rewards (you might just create the next unicorn and become a gazillionaire). As an intrapreneur, there is lower risk, there is that steady paycheck, but there is also a much lower reward, often at best a promotion — at least until corporations catch up and create new appropriate incentive and ownership structures.

That is why purpose and permission are key to intrapreneurship. They provide the necessary intrinsic motivation to keep going — often despite the organization and its response to innovation.

Personal purpose connected with organizational purpose, the permission and psychological safety to act on it, and the effective use of AI support will define the successful intrapreneurial workforce of the future.

It will require individuals on any level of the organization to understand and live the organizational purpose, continuously focus on creating customer value, empathize and learn, and build new processes and systems — and ultimately offerings — together with AI support to provide better intelligence, enable repeatable processes and allow a new level of adaptability.

Companies like IBM have already successfully begun another transformation phase. To support the use of their AI Watson and turn their employees into customer advocates enabled by intelligent technology, they have trained more than 90,000 of their employees in design thinking.

Design thinking is only the first step, we need LEAN and agile methods to move new ideas into actual businesses, as well as the organizational support to take an idea from the first signal to launching prototypes, MVPs, and ultimately ever new product line.

Many companies are beginning to understand that leadership and innovation have to come from everywhere in the organization and have initiated various forms of intrapreneurship programs.

From our work with clients and conducted workshops at several intrapreneurship conferences over the last years, we have noticed how the themes of culture and human transformation have continued to gain momentum and attention.

Intrapreneurs by definition are not as autonomous as entrepreneurs, although they’re typically (and mistakenly) made to believe they are. When reality hits and would-be intrapreneurs are told that they can’t do something, disillusionment quickly eclipses optimism, and cynicism takes root. Because they are part of a bigger organization with well-established policies and procedures, they will most likely never become completely independent.

Entrepreneurs directly hire marketing, advertising, R&D, design, engineering, and sales talent. They establish these relationships from the vantage point of a boss or customer. Intrapreneurs, however, are employees and must negotiate for these and other scarce resources, subject to internal availability and competing projects.

Innovation

Innovation has emerged as a headline in the field of business management, recently. Kuratko determines the magic words to describe the new innovation way of our time: Dream, create, explore, invent, pioneer, and imagine [34]. Innovation itself is undergoing change [35]. The etymological roots of innovation stretch to the Latin word innovare, meaning to do something new [36]. Most of the innovation definitions have focused on similar points with different perspectives. The key common points imply change and renewal for a better situation. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), inside the Oslo Manual—the source of information regarding international technological developments— defines innovation by linking it to technological change.

According to OECD, innovation means “completing products and services by developing them technologically [37]. The European Union (EU) has made a broader definition. To the EU, innovation introduces the change in workforce talent, working conditions, and managerial and organizational jobs. Also, it’s about renewal and growth in product and service range [38]. In addition to this, a well-known expression about innovation; characterizes it as the process of converting new ideas into value-creating outputs such as new products, methods, or services. With the help of innovation; companies acquire the  300 Mehmet Çag˘rı Gündog˘du / Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 41 ( 2012 ) 296 – 303 ability to develop and apply not only new products, processes, or designs but also new operation and business models [39].

After having experienced enormous financial crises all over the world in recent years; company survival has emerged as the most crucial issue both for SMEs and even some large companies [40].  SMEs, as the increasing value of the new economy, are obligatorily undertaking the mission of being innovative. It’s innovative SMEs that will lead the way to economic recovery. Now, the innopreneurial thought will be scrutinized in the light of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, and innovation.

The traditional definition of entrepreneur and intrapreneur has become insufficient in the new economy  

Intrapreneurship, innovation, and the future of work

30 NOVEMBER 2017

How are entrepreneurial approaches disrupting the corporate world from within? Professor Margaret Maile Petty and Dr Natalia Nikolova caught up to discuss how today’s businesses anticipate and prepare for the future of work. Margaret Maile Petty (MMP): We hear a lot about entrepreneurship from the government and in the media, but not so much about intrapreneurship. What is it, and why is it central to addressing disruption and adapting to the future of work?

A Prototype Emerging From the New Economy

The Innopreneur— Beyond the Optimum Synthesis of Entrepreneur, Intrapreneur and Innovation.  It has been long, having dispelled the myth that “the entrepreneurs are born, not made.” Drucker confirms this opinion regarding entrepreneurial thought: “Most of what you hear about entrepreneurship, is all wrong. It’s not magic; it’s not mysterious; and it has nothing to do with genes. It’s a discipline and, like any discipline, it can be learned [41].”

Likely, innopreneurship, can be learned via education, training programs, strategy formulation, and a well-comprehended strategic management view. Undoubtedly, a certain level of enterprising talent is underlying. It’s not a desired outcome to be thought that the traditional entrepreneurs will be eliminated because of the new emerging character, innopreneur. But, it’s true for traditional entrepreneurs, who take the risk and invest the capital in a self-confident manner, that they should remedy themselves by making the necessary adjustments; to become an innopreneur.

Like the organizations being exposed to entropy; traditional entrepreneurs are facing the danger of being pushed to the outside of the system. The concept of entropy implies the tendency that exists in every system; toward the exhaustion of energy, losing the balance, disorder, and finally leading to demise of the system [42]. Besides; negative entropy, which is possible in open systems (biological and social systems that interact with the environment), means preventing the negative effects of entropy with the help of knowledge, energy, and materials taken from the environment [42]. In biological systems, entropy may cause death; and in social systems like enterprises, it may cause all the operations to stop, ultimately [42].  To make it reverse, and maintain sustainable competitive advantage; traditional entrepreneurs should transform themselves into innopreneurs.

The increasing significance of SMEs as the main constituents of the new economy was emphasized at the beginning of this paper. Innopreneurs; as the steering leaders of SMEs in this new economic framework, while protecting the traditional values and traits of entrepreneurs; will have to reach beyond. Innopreneurs should constantly enter into positive change and make efforts for innovation. They should continuously update and develop themselves also intra-business, maintaining the aspects of being an intrapreneur.

Innopreneur, the prototype for the Artificial Intelligent employee?

Entrepreneurial factors like capital, self-confidence, motivation for the start-up, commitment to the business, optimism, managerial skills, and leadership characteristics are certainly also valid for innopreneurship. It would be acting unjustly to traditional entrepreneurs by saying that the above-mentioned attributes are unimportant. Indeed, entrepreneurship is at the core. It’s a strong pillar of the business and management discipline, on top of which, innopreneurship is built. Innopreneurs can be made. Entrepreneurs can learn to become innopreneurs with the help of education and training. An innopreneur can lead to innovation. So, she/he has the characteristics of an innovative leader in this regard.   She/he is also an effective manager to accomplish the business. It’s not an absolute necessity for an innopreneur, to apply hands-on-management in every step of the business. Whatever the case is; the innopreneur’s leading role stays constant.

It’s noteworthy; that every innopreneur is also an entrepreneur but not every entrepreneur can be classified as an innopreneur.  Every innopreneur is an innovation-oriented entrepreneur. Every innopreneur, has powerful attempts toward innovative new ventures. Not every entrepreneur makes innovation but every innopreneur does. In this sense, the intrapreneur resembles the innopreneur in terms of innovation and orientation. Despite this, the intrapreneur differs from the innopreneur in performing environment of innovation. The scope of intrapreneurship is constricted to the existing organizational area. On the other hand, the innopreneur, is not subject to such criteria.

The innopreneur performs at a new stage, which is called the new economy. The innopreneur, is a prototype, self-developed to meet the needs of the new economy. The innopreneur is the new evolutionary model, the cumulative advanced type that emerged from this environment. In addition, she/he is the leader who forms a suitable environment; in which the intrapreneurs are empowered, and their ideas and attempts to make innovation are strongly encouraged.  While serving as a catalyst, the innopreneur may also take an active role in these efforts. Innopreneurship, for now, is a concept dealing with the ideal rather than what exists. It harmonizes its predecessors entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship and the popular concept of innovation through an integrative perspective and fulfills the unique requirements of the new economy.

The innopreneur undertakes to manage, and take the risks of a business model. In our time, an innopreneur is interested in research and development and is characterized as an innovation hunter who aggressively seeks for opportunities; transforms those opportunities into concrete marketable ideas; creates value-added; makes maximum efforts, assesses and undertakes the relevant risks to apply those ideas; and gathers the crops at harvest time.

Bibliographical References:

SBA, the U.S. Census Bureau, and the National Small Business Association, there are a lot of small business statistics

Simon C. Parker: Intrapreneurship or Entrepreneurship?, IZA DP No. 4195, May 2009: http://ftp.iza.org/dp4195.pdf

Mehmet Çağrı Gündoğdu: International Conference on Leadership, Innovation and Technology Management
Re-Thinking Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship, and Innovation: A Multi-Concept Perspective: Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 41 ( 2012 ) 296 – 303:  www.sciencedirect.com

Africa Startup: Boomerang of Micro-ECommerce

Continuously updated with new inputs and trends For Better or Worse Emergent Technologies Changing Africa! Are these efforts going to increase the use of Information Communication Technologies and develop broadband penetration in Africa? Will technology increase the divide or help to integrate Africa? What are the Destiny and the Reality of the Technology in the … Lire la suite

Know Your Data – Know Yourself Better

★ CHRONIQUE 🌎 CHERKAOUI ★ « Know what Data knows about your business, and you will know what is your market status » The biggest challenge is the training of staff that goes hand-in-hand with the breakthroughs and innovation that the virtual world and digital social marketing are experiencing almost daily. This sizeable pitfall is not unique to micro-enterprises and small and medium-sized … Lire la suite Know Your Data – Know Yourself Better

TRI Consulting Kyoto [English and French] – Africana Enterprise Cherkaoui Journal and African Start-Up Expo – Oakland California by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Based on a work at TRI Consulting Kyoto [English and French] – Africana Enterprise. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://www.cherkaouijournal1.weebly.com

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TRI CK USA customizes the following cycles in accordance to the needs of the clients.

Experts at TRI CK USA will discuss all the cycles needed and their process of implementation as well as their requirements in terms of mobilizing human resources and financial resources.

This presentation is given just as a reference and as grill of competencies and cycles needed for the Project Management and the related work-flow of documents.

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Project Management Life-Cycle Documents

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Task Management

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Success Stories by Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Founder of TRI CK USA

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui’s strategic analysis and planning expertise, delivered through Tri Consulting Kyoto and the Center for International Trade Development, had a significant impact in the Province of Guizhou, China. Here are the key points:

Engagement in Guizhou:

• Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui was invited by the Government of China to provide training and guidance.
• His strategic insights were shared with China officials, leaders, and executives in Guiyang, the capital city of Guizhou Province.

Successful Outcomes:

• The strategic analysis and planning contributed to positive outcomes in Guizhou.
• Dr. Cherkaoui’s expertise helped shape decisions and enhance development strategies.

Broader Implications:

• Beyond Guizhou, this collaboration underscores the importance of international expertise and cross-cultural understanding.
• Strategic planning bridges gaps and fosters cooperation between nations.

Dr. Said El Mansour Cherkaoui’s work exemplifies the value of strategic thinking and collaboration in achieving successful outcome

First Moroccan Muslim Contractor of Public Transport in Early 1920 – Twenties of 20th Century: Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui at 24 was the First Muslim Transporter in Morocco

By Dr.  Said El Mansour Cherkaoui 
Son of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui
Father of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui

PARENTAL HERITAGE OF MOROCCAN NATIONALISM

This is Haj Ahmed Cherkaoui All Directions Transport Ticket bears the title of Haj which represents the time after Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui’s return from Cairo, Jeddah, Mecca, Damascus, Amman, and Baghdad which he had visited in 1924 – 1929, and this travel ticket dates from 1930

November 4, 2015   · 

For those who claim to have financed the construction of the Medrassa Hassaniya – it is like the popular expression that says:
If the peach could heal it would first have healed its own evil which is the worm living in it.

Maatawine, Sid Maata Wa Attah Allah, from the Cherkaoui branch of Marrakech exiled from the Zaouia of Boujad. The Fakhda Cherkaoui of Marrakech was the most revolutionary, it was the direct ally of the Zaouiya Dillaiya /

Viva Marruecos – Viva Marroquinos y Viva 6 November – Nos Otros Dia

Buenas Dias Marruecos y Happy Day por nuestra Soberanía Territorial e Integración Nacional con nuestras Provincias del Sur. The initial publication of mi photo fue el 6 de noviembre de 2015, que es los 40 años par la celebración de un fiesta nacional marroquí para la recuperación de nuestras provinces del sur y nuestra dignidad nacional. Esta publication de mi foto del 6 de noviembre de 2017 es los 42 años par la celebración de un fiesta nacional marroquí para la recuperación de nuestras provinces del sur y nuestra dignidad nacional. 42 años y miles de años por come si no más para celebrar nuestra dignidad como One Nation, One People et One Marruecos de las olas del Mediterráneo Orillas a las Dunas de las Arenas y la Costa Atlántica:

Viva Marruecos – EL MANSOURES DOUKKALAIS MORRO

Ahmed Balafrej

AHMED BALAFREJ A MOROCCAN FOREIGN AFFAIRS MINISTER /; 16 FEBRUARY 1963, Copyright: Topfoto PUBLICATIONxINxGERxSUIxAUTxONLY UnitedArchivesIPU451402

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui in Cairo, Egypt 1927-1930

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui – 1930 – 
Passport photo of his trip to Egypt, Cairo, Jerusalem – Quods, Baghdad, Damascus and Hijaz

https://www.linkedin.com/posts/drsaidcherkaoui_haj-or-pilgrimage-to-holy-mecca-makka-in-activity-6949751600911437824-v-od?utm_source=linkedin_share&utm_medium=member_desktop_web

My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui owned the same kind of buses shown in this video and in 1925 by British Ship from Gibraltar passing through Port Said to Jeddah and driving to Mecca for the pilgrimage of Al Haj
 
After touring the other sacred sites in Jerusalem, Bilad Sham – Greater Syria, Baghdad and Cairo, Haj Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui came back to Morocco in 1930 by British Ship to Tangier.
 
Here an account of such voyage presented in this link and the picture of my Father is the one of his passport that he used at that time and the bus pictured in this link are similar to the one shown in the video:
 
https://lnkd .in/gHbRBTZt
 
We appreciate your thought sharing with us a memory that is ours too.

French version:

Moulay Ahmed Ben Haj Madani Cherkaoui

Our Father Moulay Ahmed Ben Haj Madani Cherkaoui, beside Laghzawi, he was the first entrepreneur in the intercity transportation ventures and in other related and complementary sectors. A Moroccan Nationalist, a Benefactor and Contributor in the development of knowledge and education to enable the emergence from disfranchised social classes of new vanguard leadership of Moroccan with regional, national and international outreach. He envisioned and invested in schooling and housing as well as in providing jobs to the parents to reach such goal and all this way before the independence of Morocco.

Moulay Ahmed remains a pioneer with a constructive vision and an advocate of national and regional development seeking to advance the transportation system and the construction of railroads connecting El Jadida and Marrakech and other neighboring towns and peripheral cities to lay down the ground for the needed infrastructure needed to unlock the enclaves and to facilitate the regional integration that were increased by the French Government Policy of concentrating on certain cities and their connection with the maritime facade.

Other attributes and contributions of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui in reducing poverty and the considerable support he had deployed in the mid-forties to limit the spread of contagious diseases that have affected large sections of the countryside populations and entire regions. Additionally, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui devoted large part of his fortune to charitable work and direct logistical support that all directly benefited the nationalistic movement of independence and its own funding members.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui has also developed a network that span from Morocco to Iraq by meeting with the Moroccan Students living in Egypt, Palestine, Iraq and Mecca, for the aim to develop an awareness and support as well as local ramifications for the national question of independence .

All these involvements of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui will need one day the publication of several volumes.

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  is in  Mazagan, El Jadida, Maroc – Morocco

Our Father – Our Father: Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui

Since the beginning of 1920’s, my Father rolled over many roads with motorcycles, buses and cars over unpaved and paved roads in Morocco and myself since 1962 I rolled my body mechanics on several roads of Morocco and this world.

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – June 2, 2014 Version
française

Our Father Moulay Ahmed Ben Haj Madani Cherkaoui, beside Laghzawi, he was the first entrepreneur in the intercity transportation ventures and in other related and complementary sectors. A Moroccan Nationalist, a Benefactor and Contributor in the development of knowledge and education to enable the emergence from disfranchised social classes of new vanguard leadership of Moroccan with regional, national and international outreach. He envisioned and invested in schooling and housing as well as in providing jobs to the parents to reach such goal and all this way before the independence of Morocco.

Moulay Ahmed remains a pioneer with a constructive vision and an advocate of national and regional development seeking to advance the transportation system and the construction of railroads connecting El Jadida and Marrakech and other neighboring towns and peripheral cities to lay down the ground for the needed infrastructure needed to unlock the enclaves and to facilitate the regional integration that were increased by the Colonial French Government Policy of concentrating on certain cities and their connection with the maritime facade.

Other attributes and contributions of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui in reducing poverty and the considerable support he had deployed in the mid-thirties and forties to limit the spread of contagious diseases that have affected large sections of the countryside populations and entire regions. Additionally, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui devoted large part of his fortune to charitable work and direct logistical support that all directly benefited the nationalistic movement of independence and its own funding members.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui has also developed a network that span from Morocco to Iraq by meeting with the Moroccan Students living in Egypt, Palestine, Iraq and Mecca, for the aim to develop an awareness and support as well as local ramifications for the national question of independence .

All these involvements of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui will need one day the publication of several volumes.

1930 – 1940, Public Transport Cars of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui Mazagan = Marrakech and Mazagan = Casablanca [Go and Return],

Bus station built in Mazagan on initiation and support of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui

Ahmed Cherkaoui – “Red Talisman”, painting made in Paris in 1967

Panhard Levassor – 1935

__________________________ _______________________________

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  – June 2, 2014  Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – October 31,  2017 

Transport CHERKAOUI – All Directions:
Telephone number: 1-44

First Moroccan-Muslim Entrepreneur and Pioneer of Public Transport in Morocco

Moulay Ahmed Ben Haj Madani Cherkaoui

Our Father, Our Friend, Our Maalem – Professional Master, Our Internship Master and Our First Course of Thought: Moulay Ahmed Ben Haj Madani Cherkaoui.

From Jerusalem, this holy city for all of us, my Father Haj Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui continued his journey to the countries of Greater Syria at the time in order to visit the great schools of Eastern Sufism.

One of the links in the heritage of the Tarika Cherkawiya fi Tassawouf was and remains for me, my own Father, of whom here is a quick outline of an existence which respected the attributes of the Cherkawa and that in the covered space as well as in the correspondence of the generosity offered.

Here is a brief introduction of one of the pillars of this tradition from a lost Zaouia the flat country of Tadla and covering the foot of the Atlas and serving as a place of a “Feline” Sufism without borders, mountains or oceans , just a spiritual connection transcending the limits of the very Being to make the invocation of the Wahid Ahad an infinite love without limit.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui …..to preserve this heritage, my own son has the same first and last name:

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Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui – 1930 – 
Passport photo of his trip to Egypt, Cairo, Jerusalem – Quods, Baghdad, Damascus and Hijaz

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Passport photo of his trip to
Egypt, Cairo, Jerusalem – Quods, Baghdad, Damascus and Hijaz

This trip was partly for the outward journey with and in the company of Moulay Said Bencherki, his best friend and “brother-in-law” by marital relationship was his companion in Egypt and Mecca. Subsequently, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui continued his journey to Damascus and Baghdad and back via Port Said to take the English boat which dropped him off at Gibraltar and then Tangier.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui Trip to the Middle East

1930 – 1935, duration of the holy journey among the saints and for the holy places
Photo of the Moroccan Passport of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui taking the sea in an English boat for:
– Alexandria and Port – Said, and Jeddah through the Suez Canal.

Thereafter, by car to Hay Al Maghariba and Al Azhar, Cairo,
– Jeddah, by car to Mecca, Madina Mounawara, 
– By car to Jerusalem – Takdisse and visit of Bab Maghreb / ​​Mourrakesh,

• by car to Damascus, the capital of the Umayyads and Sufis of the Ottoman East
  – By car to Baghdad – Tassaouf to Moulay Abdelkader Jilali.

His Son: Moulay Said –  Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  2017

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LA KOUTOUBIA TRANSPORTS H. CHERKAOUI

CASABLANCA MARRAKECH MAZAGAN

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LA KOUTOUBIA TRANSPORTS H. CHERKAOUI CASABLANCA MARRAKECH MAZAGAN

TRANSPORS CHERKAOUI MARRAKECH MAZAGAN – 1930 –

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Moulay Ahmed Ben Haj Madani Cherkaoui, apart from Laghzaoui, he was the first entrepreneur in public transport and in other corresponding and complementary sectors. A Moroccan nationalist and a contributor in the dissemination of knowledge and education in favor of the creation of a leading strain stemming from the popular strata and this before the time of Morocco’s independence.

Moulay Ahmed remains a pioneer with a constructive and “developmentalist” vision seeking to promote the progress of transport and the construction of railways linking El Jadida to Casablanca and even Marrakech and other neighboring cities as infrastructure bases for emancipation. enclaves and to facilitate regional integration to break the straitjacket imposed by the selective policy of the authorities of the French Protectorate which favored certain inland towns and their service with a handful of towns located on the seafront.

The other attributes and contributions of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui in the reduction of poverty and by the considerable aid that he had deployed to limit the spread and the destruction of human lives by contagious diseases which affected in the mid-1940s whole sections of the regional population as well as its own financing of the members of the national movement of independence of Morocco can only be quoted in volumes denser than the space of this page. The ramifications of all the regional and national and even international engagements (Egypt, Palestine, Iraq and Mecca) can alone be the subject of another book.

Indeed, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui has also developed a network that extends from Morocco to Iraq through his meetings and direct contacts with Moroccan students living in Egypt, Palestine, Iraq and Mecca, and this for the aim of developing local awareness and ramifications in support of the issue of national independence.

Biceclita crobatica and the Cars of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and Abdessalam Chekouri in the Center of Jamma Al Fanana Marrakech, Morocco.

My Father rolled Motorcycles, Cars and Cars on the tracks and roads of all Morocco since the beginning of the 1920s and I since 1962 I rolled the Mechanics of the Body on all the grounds of Morocco and this world.

Biceclita crobatica and the coaches of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and Abdessalam Chekouri [Safi] in the background just behind this building which serves as the police station for the Center of the Medina: Jamaa Al Fanana Marrakech Express, Morocco

I have written a second complementary article to this one on Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, entitled:

★  Marrakech ★
★  Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui  ★  Ouled Bahja  ★
★ Pioneer Entrepreneur of Morocco and R ajoul d’El Jadida de Coeur, Doukkalaix and Amazigh by Alliance Familiale ★

My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui was born in Derb Hentata, Moul Kssour, the place where the first constructions of the City of Marrakech began, just under the shadow of the Great Koutoubia and opposite the entrance to Sidi Abdelaziz, Massine and the shopping center of the real and first Medina of Marrakech, namely first Jamaa El Fna, Bab Ftouh and Samarine. One cannot be located more than that in the central core of the Old Medina of Marrakech.

The Founder of the Cherkaoui Lineage in Morocco Sidi Mhamed Cherki [Boujad]

24 ancestors between Cherki and Omar Khattab

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – June 2, 2014 

French French Version:

Moulay Ahmed Ben Haj Madani Cherkaoui, apart from Laghzaoui, he was the first entrepreneur in transport and in other corresponding and complementary sectors. A Moroccan nationalist and a contributor to the dissemination of knowledge and education in favor of the creation of a leading vanguard from the popular strata and this before its time.

Moulay Ahmed remains a pioneer with a constructive and “developmentalist” vision seeking to promote the progress of transport and the construction of railways linking El Jadida to Marrakech and other neighboring cities as infrastructure bases for the emancipation of enclaves and to facilitate regional integration to break the straitjacket imposed by the selective policy of the French authorities a regional division based on the needs of strategic military control and the extraction and export of indigenous products, thus favoring certain cities and their service with a few ports and the adjacent towns located on the seafront.

The other attributes and contributions of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui concerned among others the reduction of poverty having been caused by the appropriation of the tribal lands by the colonists and the consequent rural exodus. Moulay Ahmed had also consented to and directed considerable aid that he had deployed to limit the spread and destruction of human lives by contagious diseases that affected whole sections of the regional population of Doukkala and Abda in the mid-1940s. He advocated the adoption of children from families affected and vulnerable to these scourges. Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had also directed of his own free will and without asking him for his own direct and indirect financing of the members of the national independence movement of Morocco.

At the end of the 1930s, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had previously dedicated part of his garages to the location and location of a Medersa for learning Classical Arabic and the Koran. He came a Fakih/Taleb Si Abbas from the Doukkala region and gave him a house so that he could educate his children and the children of his neighborhood and all the surrounding neighborhoods.

The use of a large part of its own land assets and this while providing the financing of its own funds for the construction of a school that can be used for the education of children and also for literacy campaigns for adults and especially for women. Indeed, given the surge of populations from rural areas in Mazagan, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui decided to launch a construction site for the construction of a primary and secondary school which he designated by Hassaniya in celebration of Moulay Hassan Alaoui who was still a Crown Prince Teenager. This School still exists today in the same street or before it had already built its home and which still belongs to us.

Much remains to be quoted from the works of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, the extent of which can only be quoted in volumes denser than the space of this page.

Beyond all this, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui has also developed a network that extends from Morocco to Iraq through his meetings and direct contacts with Moroccan students living in Egypt, Palestine, Iraq and Mecca, and this for the purpose of developing local awareness and outreach in support of the issue of national independence.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui belongs to the most revolutionary party among the Cherkaoui, since all the Cherkawa of Marakech are direct descendants of those exiled by the Sovereign to Marrakech given their affiliation with the movements of demand and protest against the abuses of the local representatives of the power. This historical fact had therefore been the main reason for the presence in Marrakech of all the sides of my paternal family and therefore for centuries, these Cherkaoui of the Revolt were natives and residents of Marrakech and that until this day. This character trait had accompanied several Cherkaoui in the identification of their personalities in the rejection of abuse and the absurdity of social neglect.  

The awareness of the presence of such breaches of the duty to do good, the uprooting of their ancestral land and the distance with the places of the burial of their ancestors and its spiritual space imposed on several Cherkaoui men and women of Marrakech to work for the creation of conditions conducive to the sharing and extension of the good for the people who are theirs. This quality of wanting to find light in the darkness of the destructive actions of others is one of the fundamental characteristics of Zawiya Cherkawiya Sufism.  

My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui was fully conscientious and bearer of such emblems, symbols and beliefs that he had translated into actions around him and this for others, for strangers and even strangers wherever his foot trod the ground both in Morocco and in other countries.

Indeed, all the time, he repeated this expression to me:

“Faker fi Kheir, Amel Kheir, Wa Afaal Kheir wa Saadatek ya Faael al Kheir”

Also, he composed my first name of Said El Mansour and that for one and only reason which is directly distilled by his high belief in the Future of the Moroccan Nation. Another aspect of the visionary character of my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui.   

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Request for Justice and Resettlement of our Property Looted by the Vestiges of Colonialism in Morocco:

Request for Justice and Resettlement of our Property Looted by the Vestiges of Colonialism in Morocco:

In Memory of our Love of the Independence of Morocco

Transports Cherkaoui: The History of Transport in Mazagan is the History of Transport Cherkaoui – It is also the History of Interurban Public Transport in Morocco
First Muslim Industrial Manufacturer of Coaches and Public Carrier in Morocco between 1920 – 1948 , later through donations to members of his immediate family including his adopted son, the late Hbibi Mustapha Raiss.

My first name and surname are: Said El Mansour Cherkaoui
My two daughters are called: Habiba Ait Youssi Cherkaoui and Bouteina Ait Youssi Cherkaoui 
My son is called: Moulay Ahmed Ait Youssi Cherkaoui 
My first name is Said El Mansour and I was born in 1950 and son of Habiba Ait Youssi Taleb Hmad (Amazigh Confederation and Nation of Ait Youssi) and Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui (Cherkawa of Marrakech and Zawiya Cherkaoui, Boujad)

My first name and its composition of Said and El Mansour were chosen with reason and with a precise goal by my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui who are  ★  the Independence of our Kingdom of Morocco  ★  Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui wanted these two qualifiers to become the designation of our National Homeland built on
Happiness = Saad = Said Victory = Nassr = El Mansour 

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had always given the first names of my Brothers and my Sisters with a precise intention and metaphor beyond the proper designation but as a cultural, political and spiritual identity which designates and concerns Morocco and its historical particularities. Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had even established links beyond our borders with the spirits who wanted the independence of Morocco and that even in Cairo in Egypt, where he went in 1930.

★ Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui is a Nationalist inside and out until his eternal departure in 1978 ★

My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, the one who worked all his adult life directly for the Independence of Morocco on the social, economic, educational and family level towards the Moroccan nation.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui contributed directly with his money and his real estate in the enhancement and advancement of the cause of the independence of Morocco and this by several direct and secret actions either in El Jadida, in Marrakech, in Fes and in Casablanca.

This flame of the independence of Morocco inspired my late Brother Si Driss to join secret groups of the struggle for independence, in particular through first the Kechafas and the movement of the Scouts which served as a liaison for the formation of the minds of young people. separatists. The secret actions for the independence of my brother Si Driss will cost him at the end of the decade of 1940 more than 2 years of imprisonment and forced labor in the construction of roads around Ifrane under the snow.   

During the Administration of the French Protectorate in Morocco by General Alphonse Juin from May 1947 to July 1951, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui suffered all possible vexations with even imprisonment in Marrakech (Glaoui was the Pasha with his Chancellor Haj Idar) and accusations of all kinds prefabricated by the acolytes and collaborators of the Colonial Administration.

In Marrakech, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui financed and granted funds and transport logistics for members of the organization of the Black Hand, the real one who fought clandestinely for genuine independence from Morocco before it sank into internal heartbreak when its attacks began to veer and aim inconsistently with the objectives of national independence. According to my father, this organization, in principle militant for independence, was subsequently manipulated to make it a tool of discord and enrichment which obliterated the organization from the inside, in particular by tearing apart the movement of national independence.

The Black Hand thus began to liquidate all who seemed to them to be collaborators or direct supporters of the colonial presence in Morocco and even those who fought against this link with the Far Right formed by Colonists Jealous of their interests in Morocco. A large part of the settlers and entrepreneurs wanted at all costs to maintain their presence exploiting the vestiges of the Protectorate despite the fact that France suffered the repercussions of Nazi domination.

Our direct cousin, a Cherkaoui from the Branch of Sidi M’hamed and Moulay Abdessalam, known as Bayoud in Marrakech was a direct victim of these infighting within the Black Hand organization.  

Our properties either in Marrakech or El Jadida and even in Casablanca, such as the transportation ticket sales offices were often the meeting places and meetings of the leaders of the resistance fighters in these cities.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui at his own expense, used his cars and coaches to bring from Fez, Marrakech, Rabat and Casablanca the families of resistance fighters and nationalists imprisoned in the Agricultural Prison of Ader in the suburbs of El Jadida. My Father and my Mother also offered shelter, clothing and food to these families and their husbands imprisoned in this prison. Thus, several members of the First Moroccan Government under Mohammed V passed through and benefited from the direct support and hospitality of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and Habiba Taleb Hmad Ait Youssi. Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui was punished by the Colonial Administration for his affiliations, his efforts and his achievements and for also having a Son fighting directly for independence by taking most of his property from him,

Our House was decorated with giant portraits of Mohammed V, and my father always insisted on dressing on special occasions, such as on his trips abroad, as Mohammed V dressed. One of his photos in the Mohamed V airport in Nouasser and that when he left for Mecca in the company of my Mother, he was actually dressed like Mohamed V:

Moroccan Elegance, Cultural Habit or Nationalist Pride?

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui is all of this plus he always felt he represented a Royal and Sovereign spirit in the Chérifien and Chérif sense of the word.

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Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Son of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and Habiba Taleb Hmad

Oakland California USA 5/24/2017

Our Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, 

مولاي أحمد الشرقاوي 

From left to right: Khalti Lalla Fadila Ait Youssi Taleb Hmad, My Sister Lalla Fatima Zahra Cherkaoui Wife Jbilou, My Mother Lalla Habiba Ait Youssi Taleb Hmad, Myself holding in my hands Lalla Jalilla Jbilou [GiGi] Daughter of Lalla Fatima Zahra, My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, Sidi Ahmed Bouafi, Lalla Khadija Cherkaoui Wife Bouafi. Departure from Nouasseur for Jeddah, via Algiers, Tunis, Cairo.

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اللهمّ يمّن كتابه، ويسّر حسابه، وثقّل بالحسنات ميزانه، وثبّت على الصّراط أقدامه، وأسكنه في أعلى الجنّات، بجوار حبيبك ومصطفاك 
صلّى الله عليه وسلم.

اللهم ارحمه واجعل قبره روض من رياض الجنة

Moulay Said Cherkaoui, Abdellah Taleb Hmad Lyoussi, my Uncle and the Father of Khalid Lyoussi Journal — at Aéroport Mohammed V – Nouasseur, Casablanca, Morocco. Through these guiding principles, the entrepreneurial activities of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui were multiple and diversified in their content as in their future while having a purpose of well-being of construction of a harmonious environment of sharing of the good.

Mohamed Khamisse – Sultan of Morocco

On behalf of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and Habiba Taleb Hmad and his children and their descendants, we ask that Justice must be done and restored to correct the abuses and spoliations Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui suffered from the Colonial Administration in Morocco and we demand the return of his approvals to his legitimate heirs.

One of the first was and remains the particularity of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui to have been and to be the first Muslim Moroccan to start public transport and to have established the first local structures for the construction of coaches in Morocco respectively Bab Ftouh and El Jadida. 

First in Marrakech, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui undertook to introduce public transport which subsequently also materialized through the acquisition and management of a Garage located on Rue de la Koutoubia in Marrakech [Place Jamaa El Fna] and which served for several decades as a parking place for coaches leaving for Casablanca and for Mazagan – El Jadida and other Moroccan cities.

The two districts of Derb Berkaoui and Sfa by their location at the gate of the city and overlooking the fertile plains of Doukkala sown by the presence and exploitation of large estates by European settlers, were therefore specialized in the reception, transformation and packing, putting in bags and wooden cases of all poultry, agricultural and even forestry products which were thus exported to the United States and European countries via the port of Mazagan which was one of the most important ports of Morocco with Tangier and Mogador.

In fact, this proximity to the exit of the City was the reason why my Father set up his workshops and sheds for his transport coaches and built his own house there to found his new family.

This commercial logistical use turned both towards the outside of the city and its rural outskirts of supply and as a transmission belt for the corresponding products and natural resources had also shaped the population living in the neighborhoods of the Saniyate district (Garden Maraicher) Berkaoui and Sfa . The majority of the local population of this district was versed in the preparation, the routing and the payment of exports through the offices of large export house held largely by Judaics and Europeans from other neighboring towns such as Azemmour, Safi and even Essaouira.These Judaics by these origins could have a complementary network in the management of foreign trade also seen their acceptance and integration by the representatives of foreign countries installed in Mazagan as Consuls and Consular Agents who were sometimes negotiators for several countries at the same time strangers. In fact, thanks to such connections, the Ecole Israélite was one of the first public schools to be built in Mazagan and inaugurated by representatives of France and foreign countries conducting international trade in the city.

The Jewish School was therefore a work not of charity but of training to prepare the managers of banks, brokerage houses, import-export, administration and especially translation of the corresponding operations with the “natives – natives Muslims” who only handled the Mhrate, the supply of products, the preparation of products and bags and boxes and not the strategic logistics of correspondence and inventory as well as transfer, customs and storage transactions. international trade nomenclature day. These operations were indeed the source of income for the payment of the external debt which was the reason for the invasion of Morocco and the imposition of the French Protectorate in Morocco.

It is in such a context of educational clientelism and extrovert connection of professional relations that my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui undertook to change the vectors of colonial domination and his relations of complicity with collaborating local elites, including the Jewish community.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui: Education as a Vehicle for Social and Economic Progress

The strong link in the colonial relationship, adapting the local and regional conditions for the exploitation of natural, human and financial resources, was thus concentrated in the Education and Training of an elite who could serve as a complementary technocracy to the colonialist administration of military- bureaucratic order with its support built on colonial exploitation by colonists imported from all over Catholic Europe.

The Muslim Moroccan from the masses and working-class neighborhoods in their great majority therefore had no place in this educational system objectivizing the strengthening and progression of flows of exploitation. For this purpose the Jewish School was built and later, the School of Native Notables. The Israelite School had not imposed any admission requirements other than being of the Judaic religion, while the School for Native Notables, it recruited only among families of a certain economic level or through their inclusion in colonial daily life. It was therefore necessary to show and prove one’s allegiance to the colonial system involved.

My father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui understood very well this invisible and conductive link of a winding and silent exploitation of Moroccan resources through the establishment of structures favoring a modernization of its workings, transfer, management and financing.

So how at the same time prepare the members of the popular mass for the Morocco of tomorrow that my Father projected and saw as an independent country free of its educational choices as well as its choices of belief and ideological thought?

For Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, Education was the ultimate and top priority to achieve such a vision.

Among the achievements of our Father Moulay Ahmed was indeed the materialization of his desire to prepare a new generation of independent Moroccans at all levels and first of all at that of knowledge, knowledge and Education.

For this reason, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui built on his own land and with his own financial funds the Hassania School in our own district of Birth in El Jadida and which is still booming to this day. 

Before the construction of this school, my father had built a Jamaa right next to my birthplace in Derb Berkaoui, for this Msid, my father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui brought if Abbass Fqih from the surrounding region Mazagan to teach Arabic and the Koran to the grandchildren of Derb Berkaoui and Sfa, of which I can cite a few:

Abdellah ouled Mkadem Mehdi and his brother Kroudi, Si Mohamed Ouled Hafiane, Bouchaib Negash, Mustapha Ouled Bejdad, Ouled Bel Fassi the Big Brother of Abdelkébir Khatibi and others will come back to me later. Allah ya Rhamhum Ajmaeen fi Firdousse Naim Ameen ya Rab Alameen. This Mssid, Koranic School was the first to be built for the two popular districts juxtaposed and surrounded by Villas and houses inhabited by Europeans and no school existed in these two districts.

At the time, the schools that existed were in the old town and the Derb Berkaoui and Sfa districts were considered resort areas and enjoyment of exotic parks, the beach, the Casino and fairground games. the proximity of the military barracks, summering center, the Haras and the round for car and cyclist races. These two districts were at the exit of Mazagan giving on the one hand towards the exit of the City, Kamra, the road of Marrakech and all along the Ocean, Nour Kamar and Armoude gave on the Road leading to Casablanca in crossing to the Penitentiary Ader and Azemmour and Chtouka among others. My father settled there in the Saniyate Berkaoui,

Madrasset Ba e wa Dyalna this Madrassa belongs to my Father and to us, it was my Father who built it and paid for all the construction on his own, including doors and windows, tables and paintings were built and assembled by a team that included Maalem Bouchaib Chorfi in my father’s workshop where the coaches were already built, right next to our birthplace and family home and the windows whose order was placed at the Si Belakbir Store opposite Haziza , it was my father who gave him the name of Moulay Hassan who was still a child, Hassaniya.

To pay homage to this name of Hassania given by my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui to his school, that the students of this same school who subsequently gave football clubs in our neighborhood derb berkaoui and sfa the same name which has the end was attributed by them as Larbi Bakle to Diffaa Hassani and that before 1956.

As his son and his present living memory, I, Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, can only salute such a vision which defied time and remains currently and to this day, a validity of thought concerning a real, robust and authentic development of human resources of our city, our region and of Morocco. Several literary, political and social personalities from Mazagan – El Jadida and Des Doukkala took the course of this Hassania School and succeeded in asserting their capacities and their intellectual potential.

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I open a parenthesis to correct a misconception of the reality of our Medrassa Hassania to answer in the following way:

I am the son of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui is the rightful owner and builder of Medrassa Hassania de Sanyate / Derb Berkaoui. The descendants of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui are the legitimate heirs to the property of the Medrassa Hassania.

My Father had built and financed this Mederssa Hassania from the foundations to the roofs and everything in between. Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui wanted this Medrassa Hassania to be open and free for the children of the Moroccan people of El Jadida and a place of job creation at the same time of training new Moroccan generations mastering foreign languages. My father was fluent in his mother’s Tachelhit Berber, was fluent in French and Spanish and understood Italian given his professional and friendly relations with the nationals of these countries in Mazagan itself and in Morocco, both north and south.

I regret that everything written above is absolutely false and completely without authentic historical merit with regard to this part that I am copying for you here below:

مساهمات شخصيات من الحي وعن طريق تقديم ( البطاين) عيد الاضحى (( جمعها وبيعها لتمويل عملية البناء وتجهيزها )) من قبل سكان الصفاء والبركاوي للذين كانوا يشرفون على بناءها وخاصة من عناصر قيادية محلية من الحركة الوطنية فصيل حزب الاستقلال مثل لمسفر والحاج عبدالله خالد يحيى وغيرهم ولكن بعد الاستقلال وفي العقود الأخيرة وقع خلاف حول من له الحق في ملكيتها وحسم الأمر حسب علمي لفائدة احد أبناء قيادي سابق في الحزب كان يقيم ويعمل بالدارالبيضاء…

This part mentioned above is a blatant propaganda and a distortion of reality, and I will just give you an example on what the Istiqlal how he recovered for his own benefit all the resources that the Aroubis of Doukkala gave him believing that the Istiqlal would build them a new and prosperous country where their children will flourish.

Until this day, we are still waiting for this achievement, it’s like waiting for Sidna Kder / Godot to come.

Just these sheepskins, it can give a great idea how a diversion and an illegitimate use of the funds collected were orchestrated by scoundrels camouflaged under djellabas as conservatives, they never attacked anything except is to attack the boxes where the money collected from the poor Beni Oui Yes who were sweating the burnous to give them such gifts.

The names of the property usurped in the name of independence were squandered and had contributed to the enrichment of several people you mention and with this embezzled money, once their dirty work was done and finished they left El Jadida and businesses founded real estate and other prosperous for them and the new alliances they have forged through business marriages with the new rising elites of descent from Fez, Casablanca, Rabat, Tetouan and Meknes, to name only the most famous elite families.

It makes me laugh to read that the sheepskins are used to finance the construction of our Hassania school. Indeed, the construction of the fortunes of the families of which you speak was made with the sheep of Panurge, those who followed with good faith these skinners and these cutthroats of national independence by taking the real militants towards Gourna to preserve their interests and that in the name of sacrifice for the Moroccan nation.

When these cheap pseudo-leaders of the Istiqlal addressed the members of their party and their direct militants of Fassi origin, they advised them to educate their children and send them to Europe for their higher education. 

When these cheap pseudo-leaders of the Istiqlal address themselves to the Arroubis of Doukkala, they advise them to cultivate their lands and not to let their children go to European countries, since spending more than 40 days in a country Christian makes them disbelievers and resembling the Kouffars.

In fact, this story of sheepskins had subsequently become a mockery when it was discovered the bribe and the washing of the collected money which was intended for the formation of fortunes as was the case later with the lifting taxes on cigarettes and matches to finance the FNLP if your memory is still able to remember that too and it was once again the Istiqlal that put into practice like the case of the sheepskins of cash which left no trace. 

My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had financed from start to finish the entire construction of the Hassania School including even the doors and windows and the tables with inkwell. My father’s garages which juxtaposed the Hassania School and even passed around our native house which still exists in the same place to end up with another garage which served as a hangar for the construction of coach bodies with framework. It was in these garages that my father deposited the construction materials and all the equipment including the manufacture of windows and doors and wooden tables.  

Madrassa Hassania belongs to the Cherkaoui Family of which I am one of the sons, to my Sister Lalla Khadija Cherkaoui first and to the descendants of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui

All the rest are thieves, usurpers and despoilers who take advantage of our absence.

the Hassania School was never given to anyone by Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, this story is a pure fabrication and distortion of reality to serve and preserve their illegitimate and illegal exploitation.

All those who tell you such nonsense are Nassaba and Mafiosi or their accomplices who got their hands on our Madrassa Hassania, ask them to show you a document proving this donation.

Ask them to show you the land title of this Medrassa Hassaniya.

I challenge them to present them, they have absolutely nothing.

You will see that it is a bluff, they are all usurpers and despoilers and they have become masters in the matter for those who have diverted all the wealth of newly independent Morocco and also for those who continue to suck Morocco in our present day.

I will continue this story another day with more details

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Thereafter, I will publish more on the contribution of this Man in the prosperity of Marrakech and El Jadida and even Casablanca and other regions and confines starting from Mazagan – El Jadida and Doukkala as bases of operations and this during his time and his corresponding nationalist and social activities.

Indeed, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui was also a participant and patron of resistance groups in Marrakech and El Jadida. 

That said and for the moment, I am content to give you this brief overview of my Illustrious Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and that in the present form. 

May Allah ya Rham Walidaina Ajmaeen wa man Sabakana mina Mouaminine Salihine, Ameen ya Rab Alameen.

The grand bazaar was located next to the offices and the CTM stop, next to Salinas ( odlek
Re: Mazagan, El Jadida…….continued  August 09, 2006)

If we start with the photographer Jimenez the Spaniard we pass by the “garage for mounting car tires, a few meters further to the northwest we pass by the Douter Armory, after a tailor, a cafe, after the building where the printing press “Benarroch ” was located, after the photographer “DéDé” after the “brasserie and the cinema Paris of Mrs. Dufour. ” Source: odlek Re: Mazagan, El Jadida…….continued  August 09, 2006″

AZ Re: Mazagan, El Jadida: memories, reunions and photo albums  August 10, 2006,
A small precision, the street was called “La Place Brudo” and before the cinema of UFOUR, there was, the watchmaker, then the house of the Slovicks, the Larédo depot, the big bazaar of SI DRIS GUENDOUS (which is still there at least since MAY 2006, because I saw it) then the tailor Maurice AMIEL zl (my father), the Doctor, the photographer ELBAZ , then end; ;;;;;;; afterwards it was the main square before arriving at the mellah. 
Now, opposite Place Brudo, the BENDELLAC building; the Métrople cinema, the Sports café, the Kissaria, Mr. BENISTY Albert’s fabric shop, Jacques AMIEL’s pharmacy, Brudo’s grocery store, the Bouzaglo “Barber” then we come to the arcades of the administrative services and just after the famous “Luxury” stationery bookstore because we had our beloved stationer BEN SEMSSA! ! ! ! ! ! 

The rest and to read more, visit this link: http://madeinmazagan.weebly.com/judaisme-jdidi-mazagatildeo—mazagan.html

I know the Salinas Family very well, first of all the two Salinas brothers were great friends of my father who spoke perfect Castilian. My father had been in Spain and northern Morocco before the Rif War. Then one of the sons of the Salinas was a Tennisman and the other a fencer who came to train and give us lessons at the Sports Hall in Fencing with Carpozen and with our direct Fencing Master Abou Said Cherkaoui, one of the best fine blades from all over North Africa and this at the time of Charles ElGrissy and this just in front of their home behind the Shell station opposite the Marhaba Cinema.

• The drivers who lived in the Merchan-Jarda district were with Assidon, the one who had the garage right next to Gimenez Monsieur Kodak. And With I believe Fortis, of the Gonzalez family. Later, they were also used by Salinas (a small gas station existed on the corner and belonged to Salinas, see photo above) and not the CTM but as Salinas had the CTM as the place of departure and arrival so its coaches were considered by some to be Salinas CTM while it had its own maintenance and parking garage just next to the Bar Port-Said and opposite the Doumi depot garage and the wines on the side of the Auto-Hall, and in the area lived in the Salinas, the owner and his brother who was the driver and the manager. Jose must have some connection with Salinas.The drivers in Mazagan at the time,
• Wadjinny Abderrahman
• Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  I bow to your extraordinary memory (khamsa or khmis!!!) I surely confused Salinas and Ctm.
• Said El Mansour Cherkaoui
• Wadjinny Abderrahman Habibi Wad Rahim we lived to live together and we keep our memories together each with a coin and a precious stone bringing it in the construction of the Castles – Fortresses of our Mothers and Glories of the Conquests of our Fathers, thanks to them and to them, we had our meetings of our Simple Past and our sharing of our Tattooed Memories as our late Cousins ​​said.

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CTM Office – Mazagan – Facing the Port and on the other side of the Bus Station and Cherkaoui Transport Offices

I know this place very well, I worked in the coaches of my Father Transports Cherkaoui tous Directions.

It was my father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui who initiated the construction of this bus station which he wanted to be next to the CTM. 

As proof that my Father built this Station, the first 3 offices in this Station which were built first were managed by my Father and this is where our cars actually parked and that until the end of the fifties with Bouchaib Askri who sold our tickets for the trip and the first two offices until the move to the new station of the Ouled Chentoufiya field.

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Transports Cherkaoui
First Muslim Industrial Manufacturer of Coaches
FIRST MUSLIM Common Carrier All Directions in Morocco between 1920-1948

Journey with My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui  

My Father during a visit – Ziyara that we had undertaken in Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich – that later I understood why this visit in the depths of the forest of the mountains of Jbala where no road led to the sanctuary. We walked for a whole day and at that time Guardia Civil was still present as a symbol of Spain in the north. We had traveled the North with a Four Horses Renault with the engine behind. It was a Cadillac for me or a miniature Royce Rolls.

Years later, I actually fully grasped the reason for this pilgrimage, since Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich was a disciple of the Tarika Tasaouf of the Cherkawa – and very early in the morning, in freezing temperatures, we were sitting on the ground covered with plates of cork and in front of us a beacon of 4 corners erected with stones from the surrounding mountains, in no way cut but only chosen according to the flatness of their shape and placed on top of each other thus enclosing a large tree of cork and in the middle, a orifice acting as a window to see the inside of this colossal tower, intriguing by its solidity and balance by its disparate rock stones.

My Father explained to me that the descendants of Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich had tried several times to build a Mausoleum but each time before finishing it, the whole building collapsed at night and that this tree went up in the middle of the tomb like a surface response to effectively prevent them from starting construction again. In fact, my Father specified that Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich had repeatedly advised his disciples and heirs not to build him a Mausoleum but to cover it with what had accompanied him in his meditations and prayers. His tomb was actually perched on a peak of one of the mountains and had a panoramic view of the rest of the surrounding ranges.

A view only the mind can measure the origin and the awe-inspiring bliss of such a natural construction which provided space for the acceptance of divine right over ephemeral material. In these mountainous corridors, the humble addressed their God and found their way to Sufi Cherkawa serenity.

In this willed solitude the love of the Divine was the end of all existence.

In this contemplation of the surrounding nature, Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich found refuge to conduct his prayers and from his rejection of any celebration which should simply be reserved for the almighty and beyond his own existential territory as a direct and eternal attachment to the Rouh Sufiya.

https://mazaganmagazine.wordpress.com/2021/10/05/lion-de-jbella-apparition-de-moulay-abdessalam-ben-mchich/embed/#?secret=PmJzxLTnWA#?secret=EOpIHBw09j

This window had wrought iron which resembled the great buildings of medieval castles. My Father sat by my side and both of them in a straight suit in the posture out of respect and frozen by the freezing cold and by the imposing presence of the spirit of Moulay Abdessalam ben Mchich. In this spiritual reverence, my Father continued to ask me in a very low voice saying to me:

“Wlidi, look in the skylight-window, do you see anything? »

I answered him all the time, yes, a cork oak tree, a candid answer from a child who was wise and respectful of his Father and the peaceful surroundings. No children were around, only the rocks and the projecting points of the oaks and the mountains which wove in the clear blue horizon the image of a continuation of the teeth of a rocky and verdant saw.

My Father had leaned towards me and from closer and in a low voice, clear and scathing in its content whispered in my ear:

“Look carefully through the bars of this window, look closely, there is a Lion inside. »

I jumped on my seat but my Father comforted me and told me that it was the projection of this Great Sufi Man.

In fact, it was also a greeting from a disciple of the Cherkaoui who wanted to mark our visit to the Peaks of these Mountains with a majestic presence and who greeted my Father and his Son as the descendants of his masters and thus wanted to preserve the lineage in thought as in the paternal and common memory between Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich and Sidi Mhamed Cherki through our presence.

We were the guests of a Lion who in fact, for me, as my Father’s guest I considered this presence as a blessing from the True Lion that it was My Father who reflected his image in the Oukouf of Sadat.

The night before another revelation in the fire was also ours. Another time I will tell the details.

Since that time and for years to come before crossing the seas, I could reduce the tension of the fire on the body and several times I accomplished such an appeasement for the cousins ​​and cousins ​​of Marrakech.

May God keep us on the straight path of the Baraka of our ancestors and ancestors.

Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchiche and Abdessalam Cherkaoui: It must be added to this that My Brother was named Abdessalam with the nickname of Azhar by My Father in reference to Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich who was also a disciple of the Zawiya Sufiya of Cherkawa and the name of  Abdessalam Cherkaoui  must also come from such affiliation and identification of all Cherkaoui. Rahima Allah Mawtana Sabikine.

APPRENTICESHIP SCHOOL AT  Transports Cherkaoui

Haj Moulay Ahmed Ben Madani Cherkaoui, Rahimahou Allah Wa Taghamadahou bi Rahmatih Born in 1896 in Marrakech – Tarahama wa Taghata bi Rahmati Allah in 1978 in Mazagan – El Jadida

A peek into Transports Cherkaoui’s creative nest that was located 
in Mazagan – El Jadida – Morocco

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had also trained under his direction a large pleiad of bodybuilders in Mazagan including Mimoun, Belfakir Moussa and his brother, Ahmed Maalem Bouchaib, Maalem Bouchaib Chorfi, Maalem Larbi Cicklisse Melhaoui, Rais, Negache, Boucherit, Rahali and his builder and many others.

CONSTRUCTION of the Cabin:
An Art of Handmade Assembly Here painters are the prime contractors, at Transports Cherkaoui, it was the Draftsmen, Carpenters, Ironworkers, Painters, Mechanics and Apprentice workers who were the prime contractors in the design, installation and finishing of the coach.

The Panhards of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, all that was missing here
Bache for the windows
A
higher gallery for the luggage rack ladder, since sometimes he remained perched on the luggage rack arranging the net while the coach was rolling on the track.

The door behind for the Grissssonnne – Miloude
No
folding door like here, a door with handle and key 
After that, all that remains is to say En afa, en Avant

Brief Summary on the Bio of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui that happened to be my Wonderful Father used to own Cabanas on the beach that he rented to the Beach-goers-Estivants during the whole year. 

Later on, my Father – Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui as the First Moroccan Entrepreneur in the Bus intercity transportation business – long-distance passenger bus services – acquired in the late sixties a Cafe, Hotel and Restaurant in Marrakech, his birthplace. In fact, it is in Marrakech where he launched initially in early 1920’s his first bus venture. He entered the Medina of Marrakech with 10 buses and parked them near the Mosque of Bab Ftouh on the side of the Great Place of Jamaa El Fna to let the Marrakechis – his co-city inhabitants to see and used his buses and not to travel any more with Caravan and mules. He wanted to modernize and he did the Moroccan means and resources of public transportation.

In fact, on the left side of the same place of Jamaa El Fna at the City of Marrakech, the Cherkaoui Family still owns a space that my Father had used as permanent Garage for his buses and all the buses that connect Marrakech to Mazagan in round -trip.

At Marrakech, I learned how to manage bus transportation operations and hospitality business services. My Father was a complete Encyclopedia of business management in terms of synergistic, horizontal and vertical integration of business development and customer relationship retention before even the concept was taught in the western business schools.  

Without any sense of nostalgia or exaggeration or even memory deviation, this kind of innovation brought by my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui to the Entrepreneurial History and the Social Evolution of Morocco is just the tip of the iceberg. Morocco – 1920-1948

The First Coach Builder in Mazagan as a private Muslim company was the work of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, he imported chassis directly from France.

These Chassis from Maison Panhard, Minerva, Berliet arrived in Casablanca – Port by boat with just the steering wheel, a temporary driver’s seat, the fenders, the lights and the front headlights located on the front of the engine, the front fenders where you can could put a tire on each side of the spare tires, the gearbox, the handbrake, the axle and the rear axle, the bumpers in front and behind wa Salate ala nabi.  

Everything else was made in house in our Garages in Derb Berkaoui and before that at what was called Kamra at the exit of Mazagan on the road to Marrakech, it was the first industrial zone, at the limit of the Heriya of the Bencherki family especially Moulay Said Bencherki the father of Ahmed Bencherki.

Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had also trained under his direction a large pleiad of bodybuilders in Mazagan including Mimoun, Belfakir Moussa, Maalem Bouchaib, Maalem Bouchaib Chorfi, Maalem Larbi Cicklisse Melhaoui, Negache Bouchaib Brother of Ouled Rahal and Zniber, Boucherit, Rahali and his master builder and many others.

Similarly, anyone who wanted to do a job as a coach driver should come to Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui to learn not only driving but especially mechanics since roadside assistance did not exist. It was necessary to repair on the road otherwise no arrival.

So Transports Cherkaoui combined Modeling, Coach Construction, Bodywork, Production of Exchange Parts, Carpentry, Painting, General Mechanics and Driving School apprenticeship for coaches and Trucks.

It is this capacity of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui to offer such vertical and horizontal integration of services and downstream and upstream at the level of industrial production in parallel with passenger transport operations that had allowed continuous technical innovation of the time within its initiatives as they made my Father the Moroccan Muslim Pioneer in the fields of Automotive Construction from the birth of inter-city Public Transport in Morocco. 

All this happened in the mid-1920s since our current house with the old garages dates from the mid-1920s – early 1930s the date it was built by my father and it still exists in Hamouwamate Sfa, Saniate / Derb Berkaoui.

luggage rack

The Spare Tires on the Sides, a reference from my Memoir on the Work of my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui – Transports Cherkaoui –

Mazagan two doors, one on each side of the coach.

The other alternative and much later, the spare tire was put under the coach on the side of the ladder or on the back side just next to the ladder which leads to the luggage rack.

Spare Tire Position and Access Doors

The Spare Tires on the Sides, a reference from my Memoir on the Work of my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui – Transports Cherkaoui – Mazagan

The difference with the coaches built by my father were at the beginning put in front of the side of the wings to allow to have two doors, one on each side of the coach.

The other alternative and much later, the spare tire was put under the coach on the side of the ladder or on the back side just next to the ladder which leads to the luggage rack.

History of Transport in Mazagan 
is the History of Transport Cherkaoui
the History of Interurban Public Transport in Morocco

History of Transport in Mazagan 
is the History of Transport Cherkaoui
the History of Interurban Public Transport in Morocco

It should also be noted that the luggage rack was initially used for the transport of passengers as well. With the introduction of new, faster coach models, the upper gallery was reserved for carrying luggage only and the greaser used a net so that luggage did not fall overboard.

Some coaches, on the other hand, especially those serving villages and weekly souks, took passengers’ pets on board.

For this category First Series, First Class for Main Lines, coaches were not allowed to take pets on board. Even the chickens, the turkeys traveled free range overboard on the rack and the Oiler always made sure to tie them down tightly otherwise they might fly away.

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My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui arrived in Mazagan in 1920 with coaches he had in Marrakech, he had at that time more than 10 approvals. He forced the authorities of Mazagan at that time and with his own capital too, to let him build behind the port, the first official bus station in Mazagan.

First and before the construction of this station, my Father’s Cars parked in front of where there was Cinema le Paris and where there was also the First Post Office of Morocco and Mazagan, which was inaugurated by Itsshak Brudo whose name was given to the same place and this in front of the Dar Dariba Kdima, also the First Perception and House of Taxes.

This place therefore had the post office – I think it was called Hotel de la Poste – in fact this name was worth it since it was next to the hotels, the presence of the coaches of my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and the CTM in these places was important for the mail, the newspapers, the packages and the letters as well as the payments due and the goods ordered in the cities, the souks and the villages by which the buses of my Father and those of the CTM transited and were passing. So my Father’s coaches, like those of the CTM, were the ones that transported the mail between the towns and their outskirts. *

On the other hand, the construction of hotels around this place, at the Café Français and behind with the Hotel de Bordeaux and Switzerland and others around this place, therefore found the reason for their location in this part of Mazagan thanks to the Cars of the CTM and of my Father who brought tourists, travelers and visitors.

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Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, Father of Said El Mansour Cherkaoui is the First in the History of Morocco as Moroccan Musulman who launched and operated Public Intercity Transportation System of Buses in the early of 1920’s. This picture the ticket of 1930 for my Father Transports Cherkaoui that connect Casablanca – Mazagan (El Jadida) – Marrakech, in Morocco

What I am telling here can be verified in the Ministry of Transport where the largest file that exists in the archives is the File of Cherkaoui of Mazagan and El Jadida. All amenities that date from 1920 – 1930 in Mazagan as private amenities are of origin from the membership of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, period neither more nor less and this is the authentic history of Morocco not only of Mazagan.

My father was also the builder of the Transport Office also in Casablanca Derb Omar (where the roadway was built of cobblestones like in Paris) and in Rabat Bab Had and in Marrakech first Bab Ftouh and Derb Koutoubia in Jammaa el Fna.

All the Muslim carriers that have existed in Mazagan and elsewhere came after my father as the first Moroccan Muslim entrepreneur of private interurban transport and for this he was the first president of the Association of Moroccan Carriers and President of the Transport Commission within of the Ministry of Transportation and Mines.

* Article that Place Brudo given the presence of the Hotel des Postes, this place also served as a departure point for transport coaches at that time, all directions, including those that belonged to my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui who knew the Brudo .

An article entitled: “The road from Marrakech to El-Jadida (Mazagan) during the 20th century. can be found in this link:

https://ame2p.wordpress.com/2017/03/22/la-route-de-marrakech-a-el-jadida-mazagan-pendant-le-xxe-siecle-2/

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​* Until the 1960s, when my father made me “get on” the bus during the summer holidays, we took mail and newspapers and other folds to Sidi Smain, Sidi Bennour at Martinez and Guerrando Tnite Bouchane.

‎ Said El Mansour Cherkaoui‎ to  Made in Mazagan – Memoirs of El Jadida 
March 16 at 2:03am

Transports Cherkaoui Tous Directions – Mazagan – El Jadida – The History of Interurban Public Transport in Morocco
Transports Tous Directions – Transports Cherkaoui – Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui – First Private Contractor Carrier in Morocco and Mazagan – El Jadida.

There was an expression that testifies to the importance of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui in the history of Moroccan public transport and this, according to a friend, is in the confines of Zaer where it was thus said:

“Wach ta Andek Kirane Cherkaoui”

The other famous expression was sung by the Chikhates:

“Wa Car diyal Cherkaoui Lhmar fi Agba ya Kfar”

Indeed, all the coaches of my Father Moulay Ahmed Chekaoui at one time in his history were painted red and then in light azure blue.

Exchange of Comments on Facebook on Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui

Pioneer of the Modernization of Morocco, an Enterprising Will of the Beginning of the Twentieth Century:
​Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui:

Thank you for sharing.
Like · Reply · March 17 at 3:13pm

Rena Amran My next visit to El jadida I will go to Derb Berkaoui and I also hope to visit your sister Mrs. Khadija Cherkaoui.
My last visits were too brief.
Like · Reply · March 17 at 3:14pm

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui You are always welcome Rena Amran
Like · Reply · 1 · March 19 at 4:44am

Rena Amran Thanks a lot Said El Mansour
Like · Reply · March 19 at 8:50am
Write a reply…

Abdelfettah Kandoussi In 1962, the company CHERKAOUI made a very beautiful Green car from the VOLVO brand that all USO players of the time knew. It was from the Oujda line. Djerada
Like · Reply · March 18 at 4:17am

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui replied · 1 Reply

Ali Belfakir I am sorry gentlemen the first bodybuilder in Morocco and el jadida is maalam Moussa Belfakir.
Like · Reply · March 18 at 8:22am

Khadija Cherkaoui Mr Ali maalem Moussa actually started as a coachbuilder but after My Ahmed Cherkaoui it was the 20s history and the administration is witness to it
Like · Reply · March 18 at 10 :04am

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Lalla Khadija Cherkaoui I have an answer that I write for this My Very Dear Sister with all the details and Ali Belfakir will read it too. I will publish it later and in the meantime here is a brief introduction and a small extract intended for Ali Belfakir whom I ask to provide evidence, testimonies, facts and historical indications to verify his statement.

I’m waiting for Ali Belfakir to enlighten us not only with assertions but with well-founded and supported explanations.

Indeed, Moussa Belfakir started as a Bodybuilder well after Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, since it was Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui who taught him this trade.

Moussa Belfakir was a worker at Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and that is the truth of the truth.

Indeed, it was not only Moussa Belfakir who went to school with Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui but also his cousin [I think his name was Abdesslam} who had only one arm. in the same way Mimoune also went to school with our Father, Maalam Bouchaib the Grandfather of Khawa went to school with Moulay Ahmed and there still very young.

Maalam Bouchaib son of Derb Berkaoui, grew up in our Father’s workshops like many others.

The other Maalem Bouchaib also the one who occupied the bottom of the building of Ouled Madame Millet, he too had studied in the workshops of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui 

I will mention others later.

a point to be clarified here too, the agreements that the Belfakir family had (their cousin who had only one arm, Moussa and Ahmed Belfakir) all these agreements are originally an appropriation of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui. As you say so well, History and Administration bear witness to this. 

Just go to http://www.equipement.gov.ma/…/Pages/Mot-du-Ministre.aspx
at the time it was called the Ministry of Transport and Mines, and see the archives and you will be surprised to see that the largest file that exists in their archives is that of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui.

1 – I will ask Ali Belfakir, did Moussa Belfakir (Rahimahou Allah) make coaches that were fueled with charcoal?

Our Father had done it and led them with his Young Brother Si Mohammed Cherkaoui.

2 – I’m going to ask Ali Belfakir, did Moussa Belfakir (Rahimahou Allah) build and drive buses that ran on gasobois?

Our Father had done it and led them with his Younger Brother Si Mohammed Cherkaoui Cherkaoui Transports had the same Cars “Maroc Transport Luxe”

​Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  Second Part: 

Ali Belfakir , I do not come here to boost my morality or pretend things that we are not or to distort the reality of our existence, I am here for the only reason which is not to lose contact with my memories of which my friends of more than 40 years here and elsewhere are the carriers and the roots and of which I am proud to have carried them in me throughout my existence. 

The ticket office located at the time in the center of a large roundabout in the Garage of Derb Omar in Casablanca was built by my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui 

The Bus Station of Mazagan was the initiative of My Father where he occupied the first offices including the photo of  Khalid Essfini shows the Minerva coaches that my Father tooled and designed the cabin and the bodywork.
The parking garage and the departure of coaches from Marrakech to Casablanca and Mazagan belonged to Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and belongs to us until today is located in Jamaa El Fna.
Moussa Belfakir and his Brothers had never touched or tooled a bodywork for a Minerva or a Panhard in all their lives.
Similarly Moussa Belfakir had no parking or transport service property apart from their garage opposite the Land Registry and Vita and Puglisi and the other Italo-Frenchman who built the caravans.
I leave the floor to  Ali Belfakir  for now, more information will come later.

I await your answers  Ali Belfakir  and in the meantime professional friendships from our antecedents and parents.
Like  ·  Reply  ·  March 18 at 10:58am  ·  Edited

Lalla  Khadija Cherkaoui

Ali Belfakir

Second Part: My Father, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui the Father of the Muslim Mechanical Industry in Morocco.

It is not a fault, nor my responsibility that my Father had helped Moussa Belfakir in all areas even at the level of the purchase of agreements and coaches from my Father and between us, they were by no means settled completely, there had a large sum due which was never paid to my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui. Yes, that too is the truth and even this truth was also repeated by Mokhtar also with respect to my Mother and that in coalition with the Son of Bouchrit, yes the heir of the late Boucherit, since Bouchrit Father like Moussa Belfakir were also in time lamong the proteges of my Father, my Mother trusted her eldest son I believe Abdesslam Boucherit, this also turned out to be a carousel of special effects and forgery and use of forgery.

Yes our Memory is hard to erase from our minds because as we say it’s the truth that we don’t need to repeat it to remember it, it is omnipresent and that no matter the place, the distance and time traveled between its birth and its narration. 

Here, out of respect for the individuals whom my Father rubbed shoulders with of all confessions, I say that Thanks to God, Hashem and Allah, I remain his spokesperson.

I’ll let you go and document all these aspects that you apparently don’t know and come back here with an argument based and supported by solid facts and memories to enrich our sharing and our debate far from the frustrations and gratuitous emotions that should like we say among us who possess sportsmanship; they should stay out of the locker room or locked up in the Lockers. 

When we enter the field it is to show our game and our ability to throw the other team with righteousness and skill but not only with Tehrasse, that is for the Boujadiyines as we say at home in Doukkala.

On this I leave you to think and accumulate the evidence as I said before that I would like to read from you but no complaints or complaints please, we have issued enough of the same as it is, it’s time to rebuild our memory and that without the comfort of the destructive couple that is lethargy and amnesia. [Ali Belfakir]

Sincerely and professionally yours, receive my sincere regards and let me know if you need new and additional information on this chapter of the Mazagan Life of My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui.

I thank you Ali Belfakir as well as my Sister Lalla Khadija Cherkaoui for having given me here the opportunity to clarify my memories and to specify my observations on my Father, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui the Father of the Muslim Mechanical Industry in Morocco.
Like  ·  Reply  ·  March 19 at 5:08am  ·  Edited

Ali Belfakir Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  Respects to the memory of all these great men as we do more…Thank you for this enriching sharing especially for the people of my generation who did not have the honor of knowing their ancestors…
Like  ·  Reply March 19 at 8:03  am 

Khadija Cherkaoui  What a memory you are not a great international historian for nothing please send me a copy of these documents concerning our father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui attached his photo
Like  ·  Reply  ·  March 19 at 9:14am

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  Part Two: 

Ali Belfakir , I am not here to boost my morale or pretend things that we are not or to distort the reality of our existence, I am here for the only reason which is that of not losing contact with my memories of which my friends over 40 years old here and elsewhere are the bearers and the roots and of which I am proud to have carried them within me throughout my life. 

The ticket office located at the time in the center of a large roundabout in the Garage of Derb Omar in Casablanca was built by my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui 

The Bus Station of Mazagan was the initiative of My Father where he occupied the first offices including the photo of  Khalid Essfini shows the Minerva coaches that my Father tooled and designed the cabin and the bodywork.
The parking garage and the departure of coaches from Marrakech to Casablanca and Mazagan belonged to Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and belongs to us until today is located in Jamaa El Fna.
Moussa Belfakir and his Brothers had never touched or tooled a bodywork for a Minerva or a Panhard in all their lives.
Similarly Moussa Belfakir had no parking or transport service property apart from their garage opposite the Land Registry and Vita and Puglisi and the other Italo-Frenchman who built the caravans.
I leave the floor to  Ali Belfakir  for now, more information will come later.

I await your answers Ali Belfakir  and in the meantime professional friendships from our antecedents and parents.
Like  ·  Reply  ·  March 18 at 10:58am  ·  Edited

Lalla  Khadija Cherkaoui

Ali Belfakir

Part Two: My Father, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui the Father of the Muslim Mechanical Industry in Morocco.

It is not a fault, nor my responsibility that my Father had helped Moussa Belfakir in all areas even at the level of the purchase of agreements and coaches from my Father and between us, they were by no means settled completely, there had a large sum due which was never paid to my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui. Yes, that too is the truth and even this truth was also repeated by Mokhtar also with respect to my Mother and that in coalition with the Son of Bouchrit, yes the heir of the late Boucherit, since Bouchrit Father like Moussa Belfakir were also in time lamong the proteges of my Father, my Mother trusted her eldest son I believe Abdesslam Boucherit, this also turned out to be a carousel of special effects and forgery and use of forgery.

Yes, our memory is hard to erase from our minds because, as they say, it’s the truth that we don’t need to repeat to ourselves to remember it, it’s omnipresent and that no matter the place, the distance and time traveled between its birth and its narration. 

Here, out of respect for the individuals whom my Father met of all faiths, I say that Thanks to God, Hashem and Allah, I remain his spokesperson.

I’ll let you go and document all these aspects that you apparently don’t know and come back here with an argument based and supported by solid facts and memories to enrich our sharing and our debate far from the frustrations and gratuitous emotions that should like we say among us who possess sportsmanship; they should stay out of the locker room or locked up in the Lockers. 

When we enter the field it is to show our game and our ability to throw the other team with righteousness and skill but not only with Tehrasse, that is for the Boujadiyines as we say at home in Doukkala.

On this I leave you to reflect and accumulate the evidence as I said before that I would like to read from you but no complaints or complaints please, we have issued enough of the same as it is, it’s time to rebuild our memory and that without the comfort of the destructive couple that is lethargy and amnesia.[Ali Belfakir] Yours sincerely

and professionally, receive my sincere regards and let me know if you need new and additional information on this chapter of the Mazagan Life of My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui.

I thank you Ali Belfakir as well as my Sister Lalla Khadija Cherkaoui for having given me here the opportunity to clarify my memories and to specify my observations on my Father, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui the Father of the Muslim Mechanical Industry in Morocco.
Like  ·  Reply  ·  March 19 at 5:08am  ·  Edited

Ali Belfakir  Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Respect to the memory of all these great men as we do more…Thank you for this enriching sharing, especially for people of my generation who did not have the honor of knowing their ancestors…
Like  ·  Reply  ·  March 19 at 8:03am

Khadija Cherkaoui  What a memory you are not a great international historian for nothing please send me a copy of these documents concerning our father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui attached his photo
Like  ·  Reply  ·  March 19 at 9:14am

Thank you for sharing.
Like · Reply · March 17 at 3:13pm

Rena Amran My next visit to El jadida I will go to Derb Berkaoui and I also hope to visit your sister Mrs. Khadija Cherkaoui.
My last visits were too brief.
Like · Reply · March 17 at 3:14pm

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui You are always welcome Rena Amran
Like · Reply · 1 · March 19 at 4:44am

Rena Amran Thanks a lot Said El Mansour
Like · Reply · March 19 at 8:50am
Write a reply…

Abdelfettah Kandoussi In 1962, the company CHERKAOUI made a very beautiful Green car from the VOLVO brand that all USO players of the time knew. It was from the Oujda line. Djerada
Like · Reply · March 18 at 4:17am

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui replied · 1 Reply

Ali Belfakir I am sorry gentlemen the first bodybuilder in Morocco and el jadida is maalam Moussa Belfakir.
Like · Reply · March 18 at 8:22am

Khadija Cherkaoui Mr Ali maalem Moussa actually started as a coachbuilder but after My Ahmed Cherkaoui it was the 20s history and the administration is witness to it
Like · Reply · March 18 at 10 :04am

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Lalla Khadija Cherkaoui I have an answer that I write for this My Very Dear Sister with all the details and Ali Belfakir will read it too.I will publish it later and in the meantime here is a brief introduction and a small extract intended for Ali Belfakir whom I ask to provide evidence, testimonies, facts and historical indications to verify his statement.

I’m waiting for Ali Belfakir to enlighten us not only with assertions but with well-founded and supported explanations.

Indeed, Moussa Belfakir started as a Bodybuilder well after Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, since he was Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui who taught him this trade.

Moussa Belfakir was a worker at Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui and that is the truth of the truth.

Indeed, he was not only Moussa Belfakir who went to school with Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui but also his cousin [I think his name was Abdesslam} who had only one arm.in the same way Mimoune also went to school with our Father, Maalam Bouchaib the Grandfather of Khawa went to school with Moulay Ahmed and there still very young.

Maalam Bouchaib son of Derb Berkaoui, grew up in our Father’s workshops like many others.

The other Maalem Bouchaib also the one who occupied the bottom of the building of Ouled Madame Millet, he too had studied in the workshops of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui 

I will mention others later.

a point to be clarified here too, the agreements that the Belfakir family had (their cousin who had only one arm, Moussa and Ahmed Belfakir) all these agreements are originally an appropriation of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui. As you say so well, History and Administration bear witness to this. 

Just go to http://www.equipement.gov.ma/…/Pages/Mot-du-Ministre.aspx
at the time it was called the Ministry of Transport and Mines, and see the archives and you will be surprised to see that the largest file that exists in their archives is that of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui.

1 – I will ask Ali Belfakir, did Moussa Belfakir (Rahimahou Allah) make coaches that were fueled with charcoal?

Our Father had done it and led them with his Young Brother Si Mohammed Cherkaoui.

2 – I’m going to ask Ali Belfakir, did Moussa Belfakir (Rahimahou Allah) build and drive buses that ran on gasobois?

Our Father had done it and led them with his Younger Brother Si Mohammed Cherkaoui Cherkaoui Transports had the same Cars “Maroc Transport Luxe” Receive made in mazagan by Email / Email * Mandatory field(s)E-mail * I agree to receive marketing and promotional material. SUBSCRIBE TO EMAIL NEWSLETTER

July 1, 2017

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Khalid Essfini  Ouled Sidi Baba, you know these cabin-shaped wooden cabins, they were removable, had a door divided in two, the one at the top, we lifted it and kept it open with a bar wood and thus served have protection against the sun. Inside, a kind of wooden bench existed and on the edges, hooks to hang clothes and towels. They rested on a platform that stood on feet and therefore the cabin did not touch the ground.
These cabins were colored white and blue with wide transverse stripes. The paint used to paint them was powder.
The other particularity of these cabins, they came from a garage located in Derb Berkaoui, the former Rue Jean Bart, currently Abdelkader Ben Drigua, therefore just opposite the main entrance of the Old Lyautey Park which has become Mohamed V.
These cabins were manufactured in one of my father’s garages, Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, the two Maalems were two Bouchaibs, the Grand Maalem Bouchaib Abbadi who would later be the Grand Master of Work in my father’s workshops and later at Belfakir Moussa, Ahmed and Abderrahman, as well as Mokhtar.
Grand Maalem Bouchaib Abadi is the Grandfather of Driss Allah ya rahmou and  Abdallah El Khaoua  and the other Maalem Bouchaib Chorfi, the uncle of Si Mohamed Hadidi of Derb Berkaoui.It should be noted that the all-direction coaches of my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had the cabin built with a frame, including the frames and the windows and the doors.
Allah ya Rhamhoum wa jallil alihoum Ghofrane.
I spent my childhood painting the walls of our garages with these famous paints, the water was taken from a well located in the Dwiriya behind our house. I limit myself to these echoes of summer chronicles of my Father’s businesses for the moment.
Here is a bit of family history mixed with the memory of our common city and our collective memories.
1.7. 17

http://madeinmazagan.weebly.com/moulay-ahmed-cherkaoui.html

My brotherly greetings.

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui

https://dafina.net/forums/read.php?52,91003,322290

Cigalou Re: BUS CTM

05 January 2013, 23:23

A view of coaches in  MAZAGAN …in the background, they are most likely  CTM coaches …

On the other hand, the bus in the foreground is perhaps driving for another transport company… [ that of Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, Les Transports Cherkaoui ]
Attachments:

Cigalou Re: BUS CTM

06 January 2013, 10:23

Perhaps(?) this public transport motor vehicle appearing in the foreground of the previous image (Mazagan) was part of the fleet of the Mazagan company known as  Transports SERGEANT ,  which mainly operated connections on the Casablanca-Mogador axis …
Attachments:

Cigalou Re: BUS CTM

06 January 2013, 10:23

A photograph-cpa of  Mazagan  on which we can see the agency of the transport company  Sergeant …
Attachments:

There was also a transport company called  BERGERON  which provided connections between Casablanca and Mogador… company located at 83 route de Médiouna in Casablanca…
Attachments:

Cigalou Re: BUS CTM

06 January 2013, 10:44

I have long believed that the transport company  MOLLA.J (Minerva cars) well known in  OUDJDA  only provided connections on the  Casablanca-Oujda-Oran axis … with correspondence on Ouezzane and Tangier …
Attachments:

cigalou Re: BUS CTM January 06, 2013, 10:56 AM

Member for: 12 years Posts: 6,653

In fact, this J.MOLLA transport  company also provided  services on the  Casablanca-Mazagan-Safi-Mogador axis with its MINERVA  coaches  … Attachments:

Cigalou Re: BUS CTM

January 14, 2013, 2:03 p.m.

View of the square in  SAFI  where the CTM coaches were parked…
Attachments:

Cigalou Re: BUS CTM

January 14, 2013, 2:05 p.m.

CTM Agency   at  SAFI …

Cigalou Re: BUS CTM

January 14, 2013, 2:10 p.m.

Another location of the CTM agency   in the town of SAFI…still on the same square…next to the “Tout va bien” brewery

---

Mazagan Entrepreneurial Value Modernizers

---

Moulay Said Bencherki, a man of Doukkalais stature, respected for his physical strength and strength of character as well as through his success as an international trader of export products from the port of Mazagan. Heriya in its entire commercial destiny and job and value creation niche for the entire city of Mazagan / El Jadida was grateful for the export-oriented entrepreneurial actions of Moulay Said Bencherki which in turn facilitated other traders such as, among others, Serghini, Mesnaoui and Mekouar for example, access to large British and French companies (Marseille, Manchester, Gibraltar, etc.) for importing sugar, 

Moulay Said Bencherki and Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui not only exchanged between them the good things of daily quality life, they were bound in the complicity of respect and sincere brotherhood to such an extent that they decided that their next son will be respectively the bearer of their first name.

As a result, Moulay Ahmed Bencherki currently bears since birth the name of my Father such as Sidi Ahmed Bencherki, while on my side I bear the name and nickname of his Father Moulay Said, indeed all the jdidis who know me closely and who saw me grow up call me Moulay Said, just another person of great renown in the history of football and Diffaa Hassani Jadidi and Rachad Club of El Jadida had this same name before I was born and I speak here by Moulay Said Hamri.   

This shows how much Moulay Said Bencherki was appreciated in business circles as well as in the district that brought us all together, the Sfa – Derb Berkaoui district.

As a result, a deep and tight bond existed between Moulay Said Bencherki and Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui which was so authentic in sincerity, that when I was born, Moulay Said Bencherki brought a sheep and gave me the name of Said with the nickname of Moulay Said . My Father added El Mansour as a symbol of the ongoing struggle for the independence of Morocco and in homage to Sultan Ahmed El Mansour who was the beacon illuminating the dynasty of Saadians of Amazigh and Berber origin as was my Father’s Mother, Lalla Awiche bent Bouziane de Hawamate of one of the 7 Saints of the City of Marrakech, in this case Abdellah el Ghazouani known by the nickname of “Moul El Ksour,” the founder of the Zaouïa in the “El Ksour” district,

Read more in this link:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdallah_al-Ghazwani

Lion of Jbella – Appearance of Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui

I would tell this journey with Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui My Father Tghamada bi rahmatih.

My Father during a visit – Ziyara that we had undertaken in Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich – that later I understood why this visit in the depths of the forest of the mountains of Jbala where no road led to the sanctuary. We walked for a whole day and at that time Guardia Civil was still present as a symbol of Spain in the north. We had traveled the North with a Renault Quatre Chevaux with the engine behind and it was a Cadillac for me or a miniature Royce Rolls.

Cherkaoui Memoirs with Atlas Lion Jbella Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich

My family and I had a very close relationship with Hajr Nhal and Northern Morocco and Tangier, I will write this entire story one day Inchallah while waiting here for a part with the Sufi Saint that my Father and the Lodge and the Cherkaoui Brotherhood in as a Sufi considered one of them … Read More 

Years later, I actually fully grasped the reason for this pilgrimage, since Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich was a disciple of the Tarika Tasaouf of the Cherkawa – and very early in the morning, in freezing temperatures, we were sitting on the ground covered with plates of cork and in front of us a beacon of 4 corners erected with stones from the surrounding mountains, in no way cut but only chosen according to the flatness of their shape and placed on top of each other thus enclosing a large tree of cork and in the middle, a orifice acting as a window to see the inside of this colossal tower, intriguing by its solidity and balance by its disparate rock stones.

My Father explained to me that the descendants of Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich had tried several times to build a Mausoleum but each time before finishing it, the whole building collapsed at night and that this tree went up in the middle of the tomb like a surface response to effectively prevent them from starting construction again.

In fact, my Father specified that Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich had repeatedly advised his disciples and heirs not to build him a Mausoleum but to cover it with what had accompanied him in his meditations and prayers. His tomb was actually perched on a peak of one of the mountains and had a panoramic view of the rest of the surrounding ranges. of acceptance of divine right on ephemeral material. In these mountainous corridors, the humble addressed their God and found their way to Sufi Cherkawa serenity.

In this desired solitude, the love of the Divine was the end of all existence. In this contemplation of the surrounding nature, Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich found refuge to lead his prayers and from his rejection of any celebration which should simply be reserved for powerful and beyond its own existential territory as the direct and eternal attachment of the Rouh Sufiya. This window had wrought iron which resembled the great buildings of medieval castles. My Father sat by my side and both of them in a straight suit in the posture out of respect and frozen by the freezing cold and by the imposing presence of the spirit of Moulay Abdessalam ben Mchich.

In this spiritual reverence, my Father continued to ask me in a very low voice saying to me:

“Wlidi, look in the skylight-window, do you see anything? »

I answered him all the time, yes, a cork oak tree, a candid answer from a child who was wise and respectful of his Father and the peaceful surroundings. No children were around, only the rocks and the projecting points of the oaks and the mountains which wove in the clear blue horizon the image of a continuation of the teeth of a rocky and verdant saw.

My Father had leaned towards me and from closer and in a low voice, clear and scathing in its content whispered in my ear:

“ Wlidi, take a good look through the bars of this window, take a good look, there is a Lion inside. »

I jumped on my seat but my Father comforted me and told me that it was the projection of this Great Sufi Man.

In fact, it was also a greeting from a disciple of the Cherkaoui who wanted to mark our visit to the Peaks of these Mountains with a majestic presence and who greeted my Father and his Son as the descendants of his masters and thus wanted to preserve the lineage in thought as in the paternal and common memory between Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich and Sidi Mhamed Cherki through our presence.

We were the guests of a Lion who in fact, for me, as my Father’s guest I considered this presence as a blessing from the True Lion that it was My Father who reflected his image in the Oukouf of Sadat. The night before another revelation in the fire was also ours. Another time I will tell the details. Since that time and for years to come before crossing the seas, I could reduce the tension of the fire on the body and several times I accomplished such an appeasement for the cousins ​​and cousins ​​of Marrakech. May God keep us on the straight path of the Baraka of our ancestors and ancestors.

 7y  _

ActiveSaid El Mansour Cherkaoui Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchiche and Abdessalam Cherkaoui: It must be added to this that My Brother was named Abdessalam with the nickname Azhar by My Father in reference to Moulay Abdessalam Ben Mchich who was also a disciple of the Zawiya Soufiya of the Cherkawa and the name of  Abdessalam Cherkaoui  must also come from such affiliation and identification of all Cherkaoui. Rahima Allah Mawtana Sabikine. 7y  _

Famous Memory of the 50 Moroccan Francs Banknote

https://marocroissance.wordpress.com/2019/05/14/said-el-mansour-cherkaoui-moro-maroc/

Raouf Fatna Si Nhali was a Great Friend and Close to My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui, he took me to his house opposite the Belhamdouniya Souk Lakdim Mosque and also my Father and I met Si Nhaili often with Bouchrit who like Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui were all 3 owners of Transit approvals. They met with my presence, also Ouled Wahrani at the two offices which served as counters for the coaches behind the Port of Mazagan and just in front of Madame Dufour’s house which was just behind the Paris Cinema and between a Hangar on the right and the workshop of Ouled Wahrani and on the right the garage of Bouchrit. If Hhali dressed in the Turkish way, with the red tarbouch and the jellaba and sometimes with an apron and always Tarbouch while Bouchrit dressed with Serwal Kandrisi,

In reality, it was my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui who started the business of Nhali and Bouchrit, since my Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui had been the pioneer of Public Transport and especially that in Morocco and Mazagan, there was a continual shortage of spare parts for coaches which were always imported in the skeletal form of chassis, driver’s seat, engine and bonnet, gearbox, fenders, axle and rear axle, exhaust and 4 tires mounted.

The Second World War had accentuated this lack of parts and my father was thus led to create a local substitution for this decline in the importation of mechanical products. The scrap dealers of Judaic origin were no longer sufficient to supply the demand of Muslim and Judaic transporters. This was thus applied, considering that the priority of imports of mechanical products were reserved first for military needs and companies belonging to the authorities of the French Protectorate and associated Europeans. Thus, my Father developed a larger foundry and increased the production of his workshops which until this period produced only for the own needs of his coaches and cars.

he made the spare parts for the engine and the axles and rear axles and also the cabin, the seats and later reread the tires of the coaches.

My Father Moulay Ahmed Cherkaoui used 5 garages in Derb Berkaoui to do this mechanical, bodywork and upholstery work.

Emine Fougner

My Father used to own Packard car and Rio Royal and the doors will open from the middle to the right.

When you open the back door, there is a room between the back seat and the front seat given that the back trunk that open as a box, it was flat that you open the led from the top as rectangular box.

At the front on the both side of the engine, on each side what we call – the wings / les wings – two tires existed while at the front of the car headlight were like and we called them a half of an egg chromed while the bumper had double lines of chromed metal.

The hood, when you opened the two folding pieces, they will fold like two wings.

The tires had wires too. The wiper were fixed on the top of window shield.

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SIMILAR ITEMS

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Said El Mansour Cherkaoui is in Mazagan,…June 2, 2021

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Said El Mansour Cherkaoui – Originally published on June 18, 2023 6:48 am

Give me that High Five, We Got the World to Believe in Our Fine TechShow – Dreams of Rolling the Mechanics and the Dice over Silicon Valley and the World of “Incredulous Investors.” Babe, Let’s Buy an Island and Go Around the World

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Global Fintech Funding and Rounds from Q1 2022 to Q2 2023

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EMEA Fintech Funding takes the largest dive YoY in H1 2023, compared to other regions

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Africa has over half a billion mobile money accounts and it is the largest and fastest-growing fintech segment on the continent

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Egypt, Iran, and Saudi Arabia technically have the largest addressable market sizes for fintech across the MENA region

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African Startups Not Celebrating the New Year 2024

How many startups fail in USA? Approximately 10% of startups fail within the first year. According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, the startup failure rate increases over time, and the most significant percentage of businesses that fail are younger than 10 years. Over the long run, 90% of startups fail. Startup ★ Stars … Continue reading

African Startups Not Celebrating 2024

The companies are well positioned to benefit from the growth of Africa’s tech but they must address the needs of African users

Kampala, Uganda | THE INDEPENDENT | Last year, Google’s Equiano undersea cable began conveying terabytes of data per second to and from African shores. Valued at $1 billion, Equiano stretches from Western Europe to South Africa and has 20 times the capacity of the previous cables that served the continent. According to Google projections, the new cable has the potential to transform Africa’s economy by creating millions of jobs, reducing data costs by nearly 20%, and enabling a fivefold increase in internet speeds.

Other prominent US-based tech companies are also investing heavily in Africa. Amazon is in the midst of constructing its African headquarters in South Africa, while Microsoft recently launched an initiative to bring internet access to 100 million Africans by 2025. Meanwhile, Meta (formerly Facebook) is building 2Africa, an undersea cable expected to be the world’s longest when it is completed in 2024.

The impetus for these investments is the growing recognition that the future of America’s technology industry hinges on expanding its African customer base. Today, a little over a third of Africa’s 1.4 billion people use the internet, representing a small fraction of the world’s internet users. But the continent’s population is projected to reach 2.5 billion by 2050 one-quarter of the global total. The vast majority of Africans are expected to become internet users by then, offering tech companies opportunities that no other region can match.

Still, there is no guarantee that the investments made by Google and other US tech companies will pay off. In recent years, foreign competitors, particularly China-based firms, have also recognized Africa’s immense potential for the technology sector, leading to intense competition for market shares.

Currently, no single actor dominates African markets. Whereas Chinese companies lead in some sectors, such as telecommunications hardware, US companies prevail in software platforms, operating systems, and search. Meanwhile, African-owned fintech companies and startups are growing rapidly, and the continent’s undersea cables and data centers are managed by a diverse set of local and remote enterprises.

The most persistent challenge facing Big Tech firms in Africa is their ignorance of and disregard for Africans’ preferences and needs. For example, some US analysts have expressed concern about the rise of Chinese companies such as Transsion, which manufactures nearly half of Africa’s smartphones. But the main reason companies such as Apple and Google struggle to compete is that their products are priced as luxury goods and are ill-suited for consumers in low-income countries. The base price of the iPhone 14, the top-selling phone in the United States, is $799, nearly half of Sub-Saharan Africa’s GDP per capita. Transsion’s phones, by contrast, sell for as little as $20.

Likewise, data localization is widely supported by African governments, researchers, and citizens. But Big Tech companies vehemently oppose efforts to store data on African citizens within their countries of origin.

To be sure, data localization is not always cost-effective and could be used by governments to undermine civil rights. But studies commissioned by the Internet Society show that efforts to localize internet traffic in Nigeria and Kenya have reduced prices, decreased latency, and fueled the growth of the local tech ecosystem. Conversely, as Nima Elmi observed, Big Tech’s approach effectively perpetuates African countries’ status as consumers of “foreign tech innovations that are developed using their own data and then sold back to them.”

Big Tech firms’ labor and recruitment practices are another example of their disregard for Africa’s needs and interests. At the top end of the pay scale, African policymakers are concerned that tech giants’ tendency to poach top talent will undermine the growth of their domestic industries. Meanwhile, these companies face legal action for subjecting content moderators, many of whom are based in Nairobi, to traumatizing experiences and inadequate wages.

Moreover, the proliferation of disinformation and incitement on social media has severely eroded the reputation of US-based platforms like Facebook, which has fueled violent conflict in Ethiopia and provided fertile ground for extremist groups such as the al-Qaeda-backed al-Shabaab. For years, Facebook ignored organized criminal groups’ use of its platform to lure Africans into domestic servitude. The company finally acted only after Apple threatened to remove Facebook and Instagram from its app store.

Given Big Tech’s record of ignoring and neglecting Africans’ needs and concerns, it is no wonder that African governments have begun to explore alternatives. Nigeria, for example, imposed a seven-month ban on Twitter in 2021, lifting it only after the company agreed to open a local office, pay taxes, and cooperate with national-security agencies. Other countries, such as Kenya, have threatened similar bans.

With their unparalleled expertise and world-class technology, US companies are well positioned to benefit from the growth of Africa’s tech market. But to maximize this opportunity, they must address the needs of African users. Moreover, establishing stronger partnerships with the burgeoning African tech industry could greatly benefit these companies, enabling them to tailor their technologies to the preferences of underserved users and mitigate the impact of disinformation. By fostering relationships with Africa-based researchers and civil-society groups, US tech companies could support the creation of a healthy digital ecosystem that promotes prosperity, security, and accountability for all users.

Over the past few years, Big Tech firms’ failure to address privacy concerns and combat disinformation has prompted a growing debate about the apparent conflict between their professed values and their bottom lines. But to succeed in Africa, US-based tech companies must recognize the falseness of this dichotomy. While investing in African businesses may yield financial rewards, investing in African citizens is the key to unlocking the continent’s vast economic potential.

***** The Independent June 13, 2023 Business, In The Magazine – Source: Project Syndicate.

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AFRICAFRIQUE TECH ECOSYSTEM

The Reality of Digital Network and Startup / Tech Hubs in Africa

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During the first quarter of 2020, Africa has 522 million internet users representing 11.5% and was ranked third in the global tally. The first one wa Asia that accounts for more than half of the global internet users. Data gathered by Learnbonds indicates that during the first quarter of 2020, the Asian continent accounted for 2.3 billion users representing about 50.3% of the global users. From the same data, Europe has the second-highest number of internet users at 15.9% which represents 727 million users.

With 453 million users, Latin America and the Caribbean region comes fourth. The region accounts for 10.1% of the worldwide internet users. In fifth place is North America with 327 million users, which represents 7.8% followed by the Middle East at 175 million users (3.9%). Oceania and the Australian region account for the least global internet user globally at 29 million which represents 0.6%.

The rise of Africa is a confirmation of a trend that compared to all regions, the strongest growth has been reported in Africa, where the percentage of people using the Internet increased from 2.1 per cent in 2005 to 24.4 per cent in 2018, according to ITU data. … The theme, “Boosting Africa’s Digital Economy,” recognizes the key role of digital technologies in the modern economy. May 27, 2019

Africa Needs to Think Big and Think Fresh

According to certain indicators, Africa is hosting only 11% of the world’s Internet subscribers and only 35.2% of the African population are accessing the Internet and mainly trough the mobile phone.

In response, efforts were made by the African governments to increase the development of fiber optique as network. Taking the example on the American, European, Indian and Chinese markets, African regulators are trying to implement policies “that encourage network sharing and access to ducts, thus facilitating the roll out of networks and reducing deployment costs. This trend is actually happening in Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana, Tunisia and Nigeria.

However, some people in Africa have been abandoned along the way in recent years as technology and robotisation have reduced the wages of some communities “of workers, says Christine Lagarde, the director general of the IMF.

On the other hand, the Director of ITU’s Telecommunication Development Bureau, Doreen Bogdan-Martin said: “Africa cannot afford to think small or act slowly, and at the current rate of progress, hundreds of millions of African children will still be denied the opportunity to realize their potential. Without more rapid digital transformation, Africa will not succeed in creating the huge number of new jobs needed to match its population growth.”

Building a solid digital economy will require a focus in key areas, such as: digital infrastructure, digital literacy and skills, digital financial services, digital platforms, and digital entrepreneurship and innovation, says Ms Bogdan-Martin.

“Can we attain the goal of universal and affordable access to broadband for all Africans by 2030? Not without a paradigm shift,” says Ms Bogdan-Martin. “Africa’s digital transformation is going to need all hands on deck. We need to work together more effectively; engage old and new partners more effectively; innovate more effectively.”

“We need a coordinated effort to push forward the digital transformation of Africa through shared vision, policies and measures to support pan-African digital integration,” says Ms Bogdan-Martin. “Digital transformation will provide the springboard for a leap into the African Century. Africa’s youth are ready and waiting to make that leap. We must not let them down.”

Startup and Tech Trends in Africa

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12 African startups to watch in 2020

 BY GABRIELLA MULLIGAN ON JANUARY 2, 2020 – https://disruptafrica.com/

While you’re at it, check these picks for 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019.

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For the Disrupt Africa team, it has been another fascinating year of conversations and meetings with hundreds of inspiring, innovative African tech startups.

But which of these companies do we think have the brightest futures ahead of them? Here is our pick of the top 12 African startups to watch out for in 2020.

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Ahmed Benjas, MBA Finance Director | SAP | IFRS | SOX | US GAAP | Middle East & North Africa regions |

“When I see these figures, I wonder what makes us believe that we are a country where the economy moves.” -: studies overly paid by the State (McKinsey, Roland Berger …) and we do not have not got the thread to start yet? – Incubators that ultimately serve what? – too many startup events …. !!!! – CoWorking Spaces where we only display the signs of laid-back startups …. – business angels who are not ready to play the game … In my opinion, the failure is total, and our ecosystem is unattractive ” end of the quote.

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Raising Capital Funding for Start-up in Africa 2017 (in Millions of dollars)

Google launched a network of free Wi-Fi hotspots in Nigeria on Thursday, August 9, 2018, as part of its effort to increase its presence in Africa’s most populous nation.

The U.S. technology firm owned by Alphabet Inc has partnered with Nigerian fiber cable network provider 21st Century to provide its public Wi-Fi service, Google Station, in six places in the commercial capital Lagos, including the city’s airport.

Internet penetration is relatively low in Nigeria. Some 25.7 percent of the population made use of the internet in 2016, according to World Bank Data.

We are rolling out the service in Lagos today but the plan is to quickly expand to other locations.

The poor internet infrastructure is a major challenge for businesses operating in the country, which is Africa’s largest oil producer. Broadband services are either unreliable or unaffordable to many of Nigeria’s 190 million inhabitants.

“We are rolling out the service in Lagos today but the plan is to quickly expand to other locations,” Anjali Joshi, Google’s vice president for product management, told Reuters in Lagos.

The company said it aimed to collaborate with internet service providers to reach millions of Nigerians in 200 public spaces, across five cities by the end of 2019.

It said it would generate cash from the service in Nigeria by placing Google adverts in the login portal. Google did not disclose the amount invested in the new Nigeria service.

The technology firm said it planned to share revenues with its partners to help them maintain and deploy the Wi-Fi service but did not disclose the expected advertising revenue split.

Africa’s rapid population growth, falling data costs, and heavy adoption of mobile phones have made it an attractive investment prospect for technology companies.

Nigeria is the fifth country to launch Google Station. Similar services have been launched in India, Indonesia, Mexico and Thailand.

The service is aimed at countries with rapidly expanding populations. The United Nations estimates Nigeria will be the world’s third most populous nation, after China and India, by 2050.

“A lot of people who found data to be too expensive for them to use, are using it,” said Joshi. “In India, we have tens of millions of users, and close to a million in Mexico.”

However, many do not disclose how profitable the continent’s markets are, or if they make the companies money at all.

Last year, Google announced plans to train 10 million Africans in online skills within five years. It also said it aimed to provide $3 million in equity-free support to African start-ups.

Nigerian Vice President Yemi Osinbajo visited Google’s Silicon Valley headquarters this month to meet the company’s chief executive, Sundar Pichai.

REUTERS

The average size of the deals struck in Africa by startups also increased year-on-year at every stage of investment, with Series A funding, for example, increasing to around $3.7m. Series A refers to a company’s first significant round of venture capital financing. At the same time, the number of tech hubs in Africa has risen to 310, with 173 accelerators and incubators recorded in 2016, according to the World Bank. There were 117 in the previous ye

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 For Startups: High Priority Should be given to Assembling Founding Team

 While it is true that an entrepreneur needs to be very disciplined hence the 24 steps in Disciplined Entrepreneurship taught by Prof Bill Aulet, I cannot hide my eureka moment when I become more and more convinced after conforming: the number one skill that an aspiring founder must prioritize is FOUNDING TEAM ASSEMBLY – choosing co-founders, splitting equity, recruiting advisors, managing a board. 

This is articulated by Thomas R. Eisenmann, Rob Howe, and Beth Altringer in “What Does an Aspiring Founder Need to Know?“

Interestingly, Prof Matt Marx of MIT Sloan elaborated carefully in his class “Dilemmas in Founding New Ventures (a full semester in 80 minutes)”. In it he gave examples from Smartix, Segway, Wily Technology, and Zipcar.com that could have been conducted better during the founding team assembly stage. He outlined some observations that the Skills and Networks of the founders must complement each other, but objectives must be similar among the founders. Skills is easily observed. Networks is also rather easy if you probe. However, the raison d’être of the co-founder is not observable.

In Tribute to Nass Al Ghiwane and Moroccan Popular Culture and its Human and Artistic Pillars

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North African Sahara: Traditional Music and Universal Rhythms

⧫ Said El Mansour Cherkaoui ⧫ 27/12/2021 ⧫ Paul Bowles Moroccan Music Collection From July to December 1959, Paul Bowles crisscrossed Morocco making recordings of traditional music under … Continue reading Paul Bowles Moroccan Music Collection MOROCCO INFUSING EXCELLENCE Tayeb Seddiki and the Rise of Nass El Ghiwane Tayeb Seddiki the Man of the Wood Planks … Continue reading

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How many startups fail in USA?

Approximately 10% of startups fail within the first year. According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, the startup failure rate increases over time, and the most significant percentage of businesses that fail are younger than 10 years. Over the long run, 90% of startups fail.

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Startup ★ Stars ★ Stages

Said El Mansour Cherkaoui  March 22, 2022 – DoorDash founders’ fortunes Founded6/10/2022 Diners globally are increasingly hungry to leave their homes and go … Read More

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All but the most promising and well-run VC-backed startups struggled to raise funding as venture capital investors became much more selective than they were just a few years ago. As a result, startups that weren’t yet able to sustain their operations without additional funding ran out of money and closed up shop.

Africa Dismay and Startup Going Down

• VC funding in the African startup ecosystem has steadily declined in 2023, causing experts to worry about the future of the once fast-growing sector.
• With fewer investors willing to bet on the continent during the tech downturn, the funding crunch has triggered mass layoffs, slashed valuations, and the liquidation of several African startups.
• Recent news reports of mismanagement and fraud have impacted investor perception, leading to increased scrutiny and demand for credibility from local and global investors.

The funding crunch has already caused several casualties. Since the beginning of the year, at least 10 African startups.

2023 has been a difficult year for African startups. The global economic downturn has led to a decrease in venture capital funding for startups worldwide, including African startups. Funding for African startups has dropped significantly, with estimates suggesting a decline of 50% or more compared to 2022. 

Other reasons for the shutdown of African startups in 2023 include: 

• Fewer investors willing to bet on the continent
• Mass layoffs
• Slashed valuations
• Liquidation of several African startups
• Fund mismanagement
• Unfavorable market conditions
• Challenges associated with certain business models
• Lack of liquidity in the market
• Difficulties startups use to regularly raising capital
• Inability to convince investors

Other challenges that impact the success of startups in Sub-Saharan Africa include: Infrastructure deficits, Regulatory obstacles, Limited mentorship, Frugality issues, Inadequate marketing and branding.  The absence of internet connection is also a factor in limiting the expansion of E-commerce and other business online transactions. This is not just in the rural areas but also in the cities.

Some notable African startups that shut down in 2023 include: 

• HytchA Nigerian B2B logistic platform that shut down because it “couldn’t raise [funding] and couldn’t sustain the business with just the money [it was] making”
• OkadaBooksA Nigerian digital publishing platform that shut down due to unspecified “insurmountable challenges”
• DashA Ghanaian payments startup that folded in October amid allegations of financial impropriety and false reporting

TOP TEN African Startups Not Celebrating the New Year 2024

Sub-Saharan Africa faces unique challenges that impact the success of startups. An article published on Medium in April 2023 outlines these challenges, including a lack of funding, infrastructure deficits, regulatory obstacles, limited mentorship, frugality issues, and inadequate marketing and branding.

Sendy: In August, Kenyan end-to-end fulfillment startup Sendy shut down operations and announced a fire sale of assets (it didn’t call it that), with reports saying reduced order volumes and fuel price hikes meant it was making deliveries at a loss, and had a monthly burn rate of US$1 million. Sendy raised US$20 million in capital as recently as January 2020, but in the current climate further funding was not to be found.

54gene: 54gene, a genomics research company that had raised US$45 million across three funding rounds, revealed in September that it had started winding down its operations. 54gene, which has had three CEOs in the last 12 months.

Dash: Ghanaian payments startup Dash, founded in 2019, had raised a whopping US$86 million, but folded in October amid allegations of financial impropriety and false reporting. 

WhereIsMyTransport: South African mobility startup WhereIsMyTransport, bankrolled to the tune of over US$27 million by investors such as Naspers in recent years, announced it was closing down in October after failing to secure more investment. 

Lazerpay: In April, Lazerpay, a Nigerian crypto and web3 company, confirmed it was shutting down operations after failing to raise additional funding. The startup had laid off some employees last year after the proposed lead investor for its seed round withdrew due to the “market conditions and disagreement on terms”.

Zumi: Kenyan B2B e-commerce startup Zumi announced in March it had closed down after failing to secure the necessary funding to continue operations. Launched in 2016, Zumi began life as a female-focused digital magazine, before pivoting into e-commerce in 2020. According to co-founder and CEO William McCarren, the startup achieved over US$20 million in sales, acquired 5,000 customers, and built a team of 150 people, but closed after failing to secure investment.

Zazuu: Last month, Zazuu, a London-based marketplace for African remittance companies that and raised more than US$2 million in total funding, also shut down, citing a lack of funding.

Hytch: In February, Nigerian logistics startup Hytch confirmed it had shut down barely nine months after launch.

Okada Books: Nigeria’s Okada Books, founded in 2013 and a pioneer in digital publishing and bookselling, closed down last month, citing rough macroeconomic conditions.

Pivo: Formed by Ijeoma Akwiwu and Nkiru Amadi-Emina in July 2021 and launched in public beta in September, Pivo offered banking services to small supply chain businesses, and raised a US$2 million seed round a little over a year ago. It, too, has now closed its doors, though by all accounts founder conflict also played a part.

Copia: Kenyan e-commerce company Copia, which raised US$50 million Series C funding last year, announced it was pulling out of Uganda, “consistent with many of the best companies in Africa and across the world which are responding to the market environment and prioritising profit.” 

MarketForce: Another Kenyan retail-tech startup, MarketForce, is also facing challenges. The company raised US$40 million in funding in February of last year, back in the boom times, but stunningly, certain VCs that had committed funds backed out. In all, US$8 million of that capital was never wired. MarketForce has struggled to raise more capital, announced a bunch of layoffs, and recently turned to crowdfunding to get some cash in the bank.

Twiga Foods: Twiga Foods, a platform that connects Kenyan farmers to food vendors, recently secured undisclosed funding as part of a business refinancing process, just weeks after facing a KES40 million (USD 262,000) debt collection lawsuit. Twiga secured the new funding from Creadev, Juven, TLcom Capital Partners, and DOB Equity, investors that participated in the US$50 million Series C round it raised in 2021.

Paystack: Nigerian payments company Paystack, acquired by Stripe in 2020, has been steadily growing its geographical presence since then, but is now taking a step back. The company announced last month it had reduced its operations outside of Africa, cutting its workforce in Europe and Dubai.

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Various sources and documentation were used in this article. Corresponding references are listed in the text of this article as links to connect to for further indications.

CHERKAOUI JOURNAL NEWSLETTER

OCTOBER 3, 2022

U.S. Finance Policy Facing High-Tech Clouds

U.S. Finance Policy Facing High Tech Clouds October 3, 2022, For the U.S. Financial Regulators, the Limit is NOT the Sky of the Financial Space, It is the Crypto Cloud Platforms Next the European Central Bank will follow the Course #cloud #bank #cryptonews

SAID EL MANSOUR CHERKAOUI∙1 MIN READ